Exam 1: Topics 2-5

When Martin has a perceived conflict with a coworker, he will send them emails that are taunting or insulting. This is an example of

CWB (Counterproductive Work Behavior)

Psychological discomfort a person experiences when simultaneously holding two or more conflicting cognitions (ideas, beliefs, values, or emotions) or behaviors.

Cognitive dissonance

Nathan is dependable, responsible, and achievement-oriented, while Martin is relaxed and unworried. Nathan is likely to score high on __________

Conscientiousness

Intense feelings directed at someone or an event.

Emotions

Felt emotions are always displayed.

False

In general, positive emotions occur more often as people are young.

False

On average, people think about positive events longer than negative events.

False

Personality changes over time and from situation to situation; therefore, it can be altered more easily.

False

Oliver, who has an internal locus of control, overslept on the morning of his final exam. Which of the following is he likely to say?

I should have had an extra alarm set as a backup.

Behavior can be attributed either to internal factors within a person (such as ability) or to external factors within the environment (such as a difficult task).

True

In the self-serving bias, employees attribute their success to controllable internal factors and their failures to uncontrollable external factors.

True

Attitudes have three components:

affective, behavioral, and cognitive

You are unlikely to say anything to someone smoking on your smoke-free campus if you have no intention of confronting the smoker. Your intention reflects the __________ component of your attitude toward people smoking on campus.

behavioral

________ is the personality trait with the strongest positive relationship with job performance.

conscientiousness

Attribution theory hypothesized that people make causal attributions by observing

consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency

The ability to monitor your own emotions and those of others, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions.

emotional intelligence

If a person views a situation as having high consensus, high distinctiveness, and low consistency, he or she is likely to make an attribution of ________

external causes

People with __________ often see the causes of events in their lives as due to luck or other environmental factors.

external locus of control

Someone who is outgoing, talkative, sociable, and assertive would score high on ____________

extraversion

Which is the most fixed of a person's individual differences?

intelligence

The extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.

organizational commitment

A person who has a ___________ is relatively unconstrained by situational forces and effects environmental change.

proactive personality

An individual's perception about the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange between himself or herself and another party

psychological contract

A person's belief about his or her chances of successfully accomplishing a specific task.

self efficacy

An individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics or attributes of a group

stereotype

Schwartz's model suggests what?

values may conflict with each other