Exam 1

Inline: Affect only a small portion of an HTML document (lowest level) • Document Level: Apply to an entire document (middle level) • External: Can be linked to many documents (highest level

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Values: absolute (removes element from document flow) fixed relative static (the default) Relative positioning is relative to where the item would have been placed.

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padding: between contents and cell wall border-spacing: between cells

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What is the correct way to refer to an external style sheet from an HTML document?

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css">

HTML is:

A markup language for Web documents

What is a peering point?

A specialized data center where ISPs connect their networks together.

What is the dotted quad format?

A way of writing IPv4 addresses as four decimal numbers

A Web developer wants the browser to determine the initial position of an element, but wants to move the element later with JavaScript. Which one of the following types of positioning should the developer choose?

A. absolute B. static C. fixed D. relative 100%

What is the maximum possible number of IPv4 addresses?

About four billion.

What must the Web developer do to keep pages from being "cut off" on the right when printed or displayed in a reduced-size browser window?

At least one <div> section across the width of the page must be of variable width.

What are HTML attributes?

Attributes are keyword and value pairs that modify an HTML element by providing additional information.

What are the three sources of style sheets?

Author, user, and browser

How are second-level domain names assigned?

By the root name servers.

What are the three levels of style sheet?

External, document-level, and inline.

What are the two kinds of TLDs?

Generic and geographic. (two kinds of top-level domain names are generic names and geographic names. Generic names describe the organization to which they are assigned, like .COM for commercial organizations and .EDU for educational institutions.)

In the context of Web page design, what is a wireframe?

It is an HTML frame that is fixed at a given location on the Web page.

MIME is:

Multimedia Internet Mail Extensions, a way of encoding binary data like pictures for use in email and on the Web

How do browsers deal with unknown MIME data types?

Offer to save the data to disk.

In an e-commerce application, should the Web developer use the GET method or the POST method of sending data to the server, and why?

POST because, by the definition of the HTTP protocol, POST responses may not be cached. GET method is defined to be idempotent. Therefore, responses to GET method requests can be cached by the browser or by intermediate proxies and may never reach the server. POST is not idempotent, and so is not permitted to be cached.

In the context of CSS boxes, what is the difference between margin and padding?

Padding is the unoccupied area between the box boundary and its content and margin is the surrounding the box boundary on the outside.

What happens if a page with the HTML 5 attribute <input type="email" /> is displayed using a browser that doesn't support HTML 5?

The element is displayed as a text box.

NCSA Mosaic was:

The first graphical Web browser.

What is the purpose of a computer markup language?

To add information to text.

What is the purpose of CIDR?

To conserve IPv4 addresses

What is the function of the root name servers?

To provide the addresses of the top-level domain name servers.

Why would a Web developer code an @media print section in a cascading style sheet?

To specify the styles to be used when the page is printed.

When a URL does not include a document (file) name, the Web server:

Uses its configuration information to determine how to handle the request.

Why is HTTP referred to as a stateless protocol?

Web servers retain no memory of interactions with Web browsers.

Web browsers

are "clients" • Initiate a request to a server • Awaite a response

How does the <span> tag differ from the <div> tag?

span: is an "in-line" element; that is, it marks up text without affecting the flow. div: is a "block-level" element; that is, it can hold text and other block-level elements.

The word "deprecated" means:

that a feature may be removed from the language in a future revision.

The Internet: A network of networks

• A common name space • A common address space • A collection of common communication protocols

Web servers

• A program that can serve documents in response to a client request, or • A computer that can runs such a program

The World Wide Web

• A protocol and a markup language • A collection of software and servers • A vast collection of linked documents