Exam 1

Poor nutrition or malnutrition can result from

1. Inadequate levels of nutrient intake 2. excessive levels of nutrient intake

How could having irregular menstrual cycles leaf to a lack of early prenatal care for some obese women

1. When women dont menstruate they may feel they are not ovulating and cant get pregnant, so they dont get prenatal care 2. Women may not be aware they are already pregnant because a delay in their menses is normal

Research is emerging that suggests pregnant women should increase their food sources of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). What foods would provide the most DHA to pregnant women

1/2 tuna salad sandwhich

It is recommended that overweight women gain approximately ______ during pregnancy

15-25 pounds

A body mass index (BMI)>______ is typically needed to sustain normal reproductive function in women

20

Couples having regular, unprotected intercourse have a ______ chance of a diagnosed pregnancy within a given menstrual cycle

20-25%

Percent Daily Values on the Nutrition Facts label are based on a _____ calorie diet

2000

The recommended weight gain range for normal-weight women is

25-35 pounds

The recommended daily intake of folic acid for all women who may become pregnant is

400 mcg

Infants weighing __________ are least likely to die within the first year of life

7 Ibs 12 oz to 10Ibs

The recommended daily protein (g) intake for pregnant women is

71g

What is an example of a potential cause of primary malnutrition

A disease state

A calorie is?

A measure of the energy transferred from food to the body

The fat-soluble vitamins include

A, D, E, and K

Bariatric surgery increases the risk that women will develop deficiencies of

All of the above

Excess central body fat is related to ________ a) insulin resistance b) ovulatory disorders c) metabolic syndrome d) all of the above

All of the above

Loss of body fat in obese men and women is related to a) Improved hormone levels b) Reduced oxidative stress c) Improved conception rates d) All of the above e) a and b only

All of the above

Producers of bread, cornmeal, crackers, flour tortillas, white rice, and other products made with refined grains must use flours enriched with which of the following? A) Thiamin b) Niacin c) Iorn d) Riboflavin e) All of the above

All of the above

The three components of the female athlete triad are

Amenorrhea, disordered eating, and osteoporosis

The first half of pregnancy is considered the maternal _______ while the second half of pregnancy is considered the maternal _________

Anabolic phase/ Catabolic phase

Which of the following would not be used to treat PMS Symptons a) increased intake if caffeine b) Oral contraceptives c) Supplements like B6 or calcium d) Chasteberry extract e) Antidepressants

Antidepressants

The water-soluble vitamins include

B-complex and C

Signs and symptoms of Celiac disease include all of the following except. a) Iron-deficiency anemia b) bloating c) Infertility d) Bleeding gums e) Weight Loss

Bleeding Gums

Hemodilution of nutrients occurs during pregnancy because

Blood volume increases so much

Pregnancy increase the absorption of _______ and ______

Calcium, and Zinc

How can the change in lipid blood levels that occurs during pregnancy best be described?

Cholesterol and triglyceride levels increase dramatically from pre-pregnancy levels

The changes in maternal physiology affect all parts of the body. Which of the following would NOT be a normal change in a woman's gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy? a) Decreased gastric and intestinal transit time b) Relaxed gastrointestinal tract muscle tone c) Heartburn d) Constipation e) Nausea

Decreased gastric and intestinal transit time

The general term used to describe recommended intake levels of nutrients (intake standards) for planning and assessing diets in all healthy people is

Dietary Reference Intakes

What are the six categories of nutrients

Fat, carbohydrate, protein, water, vitamins, minerals

What hormone triggers the production of testosterone by the testes

Follicle-stimulating hormone, and Luteinizing hormone

The preferred source of fuel for the fetus is

Glucose

All of the following facts have been related to impaired fertility in males Except a) high sperm count b) steroid abuse c) estrogen exposure d) excessive heat to testes e) chromosomal abnormalities in sperm

High sperm count

Which of the following are considered to be essential nutrients a) Fiber b) Cholesterol c) Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid d) Glucose e) All of the above are considered essential

Linoleic and alpha linolenic acid

A symptom not related to PCOS is

Low testosterone level

Which of the following nutritional exposures before and very early in pregnancy would NOT disrupt fetal growth and development a) Lack of folate in diet b) Poorly controlled blood glucose c) Overexposure to lead d) Excessive vitamin A e) Normal iron levels in the blood

Normal iron levels in the blood

_______ does not pose any food borne bacterial risks in pregnant women a) Brie cheese b) Ready-to-eat deli meats c) Raw Oysters d) Unpasteurized milk e) Organic bananas

Organic Bananas

Fertility refers to _________

The biological ability to bear children after intercourse

The most common cause of miscarriage for women is

Unknown random events

A food product ingredient label reads: Wheat flour vegetable shortening, sugar, salt, and cornstarch. What item would contribute the greatest amount of weight in that food

Vegetable shortening

A women in her late forties wanted to increase the likelihood of becoming pregnant. She bought natural estrogen capsules over the internet and increased her dietary fat intake. What information would be important for her to understand

Weight gain can lead to infertility

Which of the following is a major function of the placenta a) Hormone and enzyme production b) Nutrient and gas exchange between mother and fetus c) Removal of waste products from the fetus d) Barrier to drugs and alcohol e) a, b, and c f) all of the above

a,b,c

Which of the following fruits and vegetable would supply a large amount of antioxidants a) Bananas and green grapes b) Pumpkin and Swiss chard c) Blueberries and cranberries d) a and b e) b and c

b and c

Pre-term birth rate is defined as

births <37 weeks gestation / 100 live births

When women are trying to get pregnant it is recommended that they

restrict their alcohol intake