Exam 2

What occurs at the area labeled "B" on the graph? a. Ventricular ejection occurs. b. AV valve closes. c. Semilunar valve opens. d. Semilunar valve closes.

Semilunar valve closes.

What occurs at "A" on the graph? a. Semilunar valve opens. b. Semilunar valve closes. c. AV valve opens. d. AV valve closes.

Semilunar valve opens.

The following are structural components of the conducting system of the heart. 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches The sequence in which excitation would move through this system is a. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5. b. 3, 5, 4, 2, 1. c. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1.

c. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1.

The first heart sound ("lubb") is associated with a. atrial systole. b. closing of the atrioventricular valves. c. opening of the atrioventricular valves. d. closing of the semilunar valves.

closing of the atrioventricular valves.

The ________ deliver(s) blood to the myocardium. a. coronary arteries b. cardiac veins c. superior vena cava d. coronary sinus

coronary arteries

The left ventricle pumps blood to the a. lungs. b. right ventricle. c. right atrium. d. aorta.

aorta

The inferior point of the heart is called the a. apex. b. hilum. c. base. d. septum.

apex

The ________ carry blood away from the heart. a. arteries b. veins c. venules d. capillaries

arteries

The earlike extension of the atrium is the a. ventricle. b. coronary sinus. c. coronary sulcus d. auricle

auricle

Drugs known as calcium channel blockers can be used to a. decrease the force of cardiac contraction. b. increase the force of cardiac contraction.

decrease the force of cardiac contraction.

The process of fibrinolysis a. activates fibrinogen. b. draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together. c. dissolves clots. d. causes platelets to migrate toward an injury.

dissolves colts

Intercalated discs serve to transfer ________ from cell to cell. a. oxygen b. plasma c. blood d. electrical signals

electrical signals

What volume is labeled "F" on the graph? a. cardiac output b. end-systolic volume c. end-diastolic volume d. total cardiac volume

end-diastolic volume

The ________ lines the chambers of the heart. a. epicardium b. myocardium c. endocardium d. visceral pericardium

endocardium

The ________ is shared by the two ventricles. a. vena cava b. bicuspid valve c. chordate tendinae d. interventricular septum

interventricular septum

What occurs at the circled label "4" on the graph? a. ventricular ejection b. sympathetic stimulation c. isovolumetric ventricular contraction d. parasympathetic stimulation

isovolumetric ventricular contraction

In mitral valve prolapse, the cusps of the mitral valve are pushed into the a. left ventricle. b. right ventricle. c. left atrium. d. right atrium.

left atrium

The ________ is a remnant of an important fetal blood vessel that once linked the pulmonary and systemic circuits. a. fossa ovalis b. foramen ovale c. ductus venosus d. ligamentum arteriosum

ligamentum arteriosum

The coronary sulcus is a groove that a. marks the border between the atria and ventricles. b. marks the boundary line between the right and left ventricles. c. marks the boundary line between the right and left atria. d. separates the atrioventricular valves from the atria.

marks the border between the atria and ventricles.

Heart rate is controlled by neurons of the cardiovascular center located in the a. pons. b. thalamus. c. medulla oblongata. d. hypothalamus.

medulla oblongata.

Contractions of the papillary muscles a. close the semilunar valves. b. eject blood from the ventricles. c. prevent the AV valves from reversing into the atria. d. eject blood from the atria into the ventricles.

prevent the AV valves from reversing into the atria.

Identify the structure labeled "19." a. tricuspid valve b. pulmonary semilunar valve c. aortic semilunar valve d. bicuspid valve

pulmonary semilunar valve

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the a. right atrium. b. right ventricle. c. left atrium. d. left ventricle.

right atrium

A faster-than-normal heart rate is called a. tachycardia. b. bradycardia. c. hypercardia. d. hypocardia.

tachycardia

If the pacemaker cells in the SA node become more permeable to potassium ions, the a. the cells will hyperpolarize and the heart rate will decrease. b. the heart rate will contract more forcefully c. the cells will depolarize. d. the heart rate will increase.

the cells will hyperpolarize and the heart rate will decrease.

The right pulmonary veins carry ________ blood to the ________. a. poorly oxygenated; left atrium b. well oxygenated; right lung c. poorly oxygenated; right atrium d. well oxygenated; left atrium

well oxygenated; left atrium

At a heart rate of 60 beats/minute, a cardiac cycle lasts a. 60 seconds. b. 1 second. c. 10 milliseconds.

1 second

Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit? a. 5 b. 10 c. 16 d. 13

16

The normal pacemaker of the heart would be found in the wall of the chamber labeled a. 5 b. 10 c. 16 d. 13

5

Pacemaker cells isolated from the SA node generate action potentials at ________ beats per minute. a. 20-40 b. 40-60 c. 80-100 d. 150-200

80-100

A patient has an end-diastolic volume of 125 ml. A heart attack has weakened her left ventricle so it can pump a stroke volume of only 40 ml. Calculate her end-systolic volume. a. 85 ml b. 5000 ml c. 165 ml

85 ml

What occurs at the area labeled "C" on the graph? a. AV valve opens. b. AV valve closes. c. Ventricular filling begins. d. Semilunar valve closes.

AV valve closes.

During ventricular systole, the a. atria are contracting. b. blood is entering the ventricles. c. AV valves are closed.

AV valves are closed.

________ is the symptom generally brought on by coronary ischemia. a. Angina pectoris b. Pernicious anemia c. A rash d. Hypokalemia

Angina pectoris

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti- D sera. What does this mean? a. Bill could receive type B-negative blood in a transfusion. b. Bill could donate blood to an individual with type O blood. c. Bill's plasma contains B antibodies. d. Bill's red blood cells contain the O surface antigen.

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.

An increase in the rate of action potentials from baroreceptors will trigger a reflex to a. increase heart rate. b. decrease heart rate. c. decrease blood pressure. d. both decrease heart rate and decrease pressure.

both decrease heart rate and decrease pressure.

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves. a. parasympathetic b. sympathetic c. both parasympathetic and sympathetic d. somatomotor

both parasympathetic and sympathetic

Pacemaker cells in the SA node a. have a well-defined resting potential. b. can spontaneously depolarize. c. are found in the medulla. d. are special neurons that convey signals from the brain to the heart.

can spontaneously depolarize.

Most of the middle layer in the heart wall is composed of a. cardiac muscle cells. b. chondrocytes. c. fibrocytes. d. smooth muscle cells.

cardiac muscle cells

The coronary sinus drains the ________ into the ________. a. coronary arteries; left ventricle b. cardiac veins; right atrium c. interventricular artery; left ventricle d. right atrium; right ventricle

cardiac veins; right atrium

The atria contract apex-to-base, and then the ventricles contract apex-to-base. a. true b. false

false

The fundamental goal of the whole clotting cascade is to convert fibrin to fibrinogen a. true b. false

false

A person's blood type is determined by the a. size of the RBCs. b. volume of the RBCs. c. chemical character of the hemoglobin. d. presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

A fine tubular wire mesh called a ________ may be inserted into a coronary vessel, holding it open. a. angioplast b. stent c. angiogram d. angiosperm

stent

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the a. end-diastolic volume. b. stroke volume. c. cardiac output.

stroke volume

Cardiac output is increased by a. sympathetic stimulation. b. decreased stroke volume. c. decreased end diastolic volume. d. decreased venous return.

sympathetic stimulation

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because a. their blood cells lack A and B antigens. b. their plasma lacks A or B antibodies. c. their blood is plentiful in A and B antibodies.

their plasma lacks A or B antibodies.

Atrial diastole can happen at the same time as ventricular diastole. a. true b. false

true

Coagulation involves the simultaneous activation of clotting factors found inside the blood itself as well as those released by damaged blood vessels and exposed tissues. a. true b. false

true

Platelets not only activate other platelets, but also cause smooth muscle cells to multiply. a. true b. false

true