Exam 2

A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of "rule out myocardial infarction." The patient reports midchest pressure radiating into the jaw and shortness of breath when walking up stairs. When inspecting the patient, the nurse notes that the patient needs to sit in a high Fowler position to breathe. The nurse suspects the patient may be experiencing what problem? A. Pericarditis B. Heart failure C. Anxiety D. Angina

B. Heart failure

1. A nurse is monitoring a client who has HF r/t mitral stenosis. The client reports SOB on exertion. Which of the following conditions should the nurse expect? a. Increased cardiac output b. Increased pulmonary congestion c. Decreased left atria pressure d. Decreased pulmonary artery pressure

B. Increased pulmonary congestion

Which portion of the ECG is most valuable in diagnosing atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbances? A. P wave B. QRS complex C. PR interval D. QT interval

C. PR interval

Which condition is usually associated with clubbing? A. Central cyanotic heart disease B. Carbon monoxide poisoning C. Peripheral cyanosi D. Decreased cardiac output

A. Central cyanotic heart disease

1. A nurse is caring for a client who had a myocardial infarction 5 days ago. The client has a sudden onset of shortness of breath and begins coughing frothy, pink sputum. The nurse auscultates loud, bubbly sounds on inspiration. Which of the following adventitious breath sounds should the nurse document? a. Coarse crackles b. Wheezes c. Rhonchi d. Friction rub

A. Coarse crackles

Which hemodynamic alteration is the most common cause of a decrease in cardiac output in the postoperative cardiovascular patient? A. Reduced preload B. Increased afterload C. Increased contractility D. Bradycardia

A. Reduced preload

Why is the measurement of the QTc-interval important? A. It represents ventricular depolarization. B. It represents ventricular contraction. C. An increasing QT interval increases the risk of torsades de pointes. D. A decreasing QT interval increases the risk of torsades de pointes.

C. An increasing QT interval increases the risk of torsades de pointes.

1. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Bradycardia with S-T segment depression b. Relief of chest pain with deep inspiration c. Dyspnea with hiccups d. Chest pain that increases when sitting upright

C. Dyspnea with hiccups

Which characteristic is associated with junctional escape rhythms? A. Irregular rhythm B. Rate greater than 100 beats/min C. P wave may be present or absent D. QRS greater than 0.10 seconds

C. P wave may be present or absent

A patient is admitted with left-sided heart failure and a blood pressure of 220/118 mm Hg. Which drug will be most effective in decreasing the blood pressure and reducing afterload? A. Dopamine (Intropin®) B. Verapamil (Calan®) C. Propranolol (Inderal®) D. Sodium nitroprusside (Nipride®)

D. Sodium nitroprusside (Nipride®)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin therapy and develops hematuria. Which of the following actions should the nurse take if the client's aPTT is 96 seconds? a. Increase the heparin infusion flow rate by 2 ml/hr b. Continue to monitor the heparin infusion as prescribed c. Request a prothrombin time (PT) d. Stop the heparin infusion

D. Stop the heparin infusion

A nurse is caring for a client who has endocarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential complication? a. Ventricular depolarization b. Guillain-Barre syndrome c. Myelodysplastic syndrome d. Valvular disease

D. Valvular disease