exam 2 (ch.4, 5 & 6)

George and Jonathan are the production and marketing managers of a firm. While George is optimistic to work out the issues of his least preferred coworker, Jonathan is adamant that the least-preferred coworker in his team has to be replaced. In this case, which of the following statements is true? A. George is relationship motivated, while Jonathan is task motivated. B. Jonathan is relationship motivated, while George is task motivated. C. Both George and Jonathan are task motivated leaders. D. Both George and Jonathan are relationship motivated.

A. George is relationship motivated, while Jonathan is task motivated.

Which of the following is true of leadership during a crisis? A. It is important to prevent potential crisis through disaster planning. B. It is important to think tactically and have short term goals to avoid any crisis. C. It is important that the work is flexible and nonroutine, to prevent crisis. D. It is important to be a transactional, and not a transformational leader, to minimize crisis.

A. It is important to prevent potential crisis through disaster planning.

Alan used to follow a libertarian leadership style. He recently decided to become stricter toward productivity targets as a result of fluctuations in the market, even though this leadership style goes against his natural inclinations. He does this in order to make his team more task-oriented. This is an example of ______ A. leaders using debasement techniques B. situations shaping how leaders behave C. dividing the group into in-group and out-group D. leaders using techniques of ingratiation

A. leaders using debasement techniques

Who among the following is not practicing evidence-based leadership? A. Milan, who translates principles based on best evidence into organizational practices B. Brian, who makes a habit of studying leadership practices in companies similar to his own C. Ryan, who relies heavily on common sense and adopting practices used by other companies D. Rahul, who regularly refers to new research in the field of leadership studies

C. Ryan, who relies heavily on common sense and adopting practices used by other companies

Alfred intends to follow a directive style of leadership among his team members. In the context of the path-goal theory of leadership effectiveness, which of the following situations would have made Alfred stick to a directive leadership style? A. The team has been performing exceptionally well, and therefore further focus will be on building relationships with members of the team. B. Each group member has a thorough knowledge of their individual contributions to the team, making the task of the leader easier. C. The team is given orders to improve its performance; however, the exact sales revenue that the team should bring in is unclear. D. A few group members have gone through an emotionally disturbing phase and they need emotional support from the leader.

C. The team is given orders to improve its performance; however, the exact sales revenue that the team should bring in is unclear.

When asked about leadership effectiveness, an executive said, in part, "The length of the leash varies with different people. ..." The executive's comments support the ______ perspective on leadership. A. relationship-oriented B. universal theory C. contingency D. task-oriented

C. contingency

A key part of evidence-based leadership or management is to: A. keep a log of the mistakes of subordinates. B. justify asking for an increased budget. C. prove that your decision was the right one. D. translate principles into practice.

D. translate principles into practice.

Which question in an ethical screen deals with the philosophical principle of reversibility? a. What would you tell your child to do? b. How does it smell? c. Who gets hurt? d. Is it fair?

a. What would you tell your child to do?

The general thrust of path-goal theory is to specify what a leader must do to: a. achieve high productivity and morale in a given situation. b. make a directive style of leadership acceptable. c. make the situation more favorable. d. improve the work attitudes of group members.

a. achieve high productivity and morale in a given situation.

During a crisis, it is recommended that the leader: a. communicate widely about the problem. b. focus on minute details of the day-to-day recovery effort. c. take time to weigh options and formulate a plan. d. act autocratically and emotionlessly to get a plan off the ground.

a. communicate widely about the problem.

The virtuous cycle, in relation to social responsibility, suggests that a. corporate social performance and corporate financial performance feed and reinforce each other. b. employees disclosing organizational wrongdoing to authorities should be severely penalized. c. recycling pays off in increased profits. d. ethical executives attract ethical employees.

a. corporate social performance and corporate financial performance feed and reinforce each other.

Suggestions for making better use of 360-degree surveys include ______. a. customizing the assessment dimensions based on the leadership competencies that are associated with success b. encouraging workers to give and receive feedback as per their choice c. ensuring that managers perceive the feedback as being geared toward administrative control rather than personal development d. identifying the lower-order needs of the workers that are to be fulfilled

a. customizing the assessment dimensions based on the leadership competencies that are associated with success

According to the idea of entitlement, some corporate executives behave unethically because they feel they are: a. entitled to whatever they can get away with or steal. b. servants of an unfair system. c. entitled to make up for a poor childhood. d. underpaid in comparison to top professional athletes and entertainers.

a. entitled to whatever they can get away with or steal.

An example of a formal mechanism for dealing with ethical problems is: a. having an ethics committee for reviewing complaints about ethical problems. b. leading by example. c. conducting training programs in ethics for organizational employees. d. accepting whistleblowers without penalizing them.

a. having an ethics committee for reviewing complaints about ethical problems.

_______is not a LMX finding a. in larger group settings leaders will use one leadership style b. in-group members are more favored c. higher-quality exchanges lead to empowerment d. managers act as a servant leader

a. in larger group settings leaders will use one leadership style

Amanda, a business analyst, presents false research findings to her manager to prove that the desired results have been achieved and to get appreciation for her work. Which level of moral development is illustrated in the given scenario? a. preconventional level b. conventional level c. postconventional level d. nonconventional level

a. preconventional level

Martin, a senior manager in a company, bribes a government officer to secure a government contract. He justifies his actions by stating that he acted in the best interests of the company and nobody stopped him. ?In the given scenario, Martin is justifying his actions by resorting to ______ a. rationalization b. entitlement c. power sharing d. whistleblowing

a. rationalization

A social responsibility initiative gaining momentum and uses market-based methods to solve social problems such as homelessness or contaminated drinking water is called _____ a. social entrepreneurship b. whistleblowing c. entitlement d. I Thou Shalt Not

a. social entrepreneurship

Plant manager Kristina practices evidence-based leadership when she: a. uses leadership practices proven to be effective. b. asks group members to justify their claims. c. maintains a log of her interactions with group members. d. carefully documents poor performance.

a. uses leadership practices proven to be effective.

A journalist questions the director of a chemical manufacturing company about the possible hazards of a recently introduced chemical for use in water purification systems. The journalist's question is based on the ______ a. utilitarian notion of doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people b. deontological theory of justice c. universalist principle of disclosure d. deontological principle of reversibility that evaluates ethics by reversing the decision maker

a. utilitarian notion of doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people

Which example illustrates a method for creating a socially responsible and ethical organization? a. A company immediately terminates employees who report wrongdoings of the company to government authorities and ensures they are not employed elsewhere. b. ABC Inc., a large industrial group, encourages its senior managers to set examples for other employees by being fair and just in their actions. c. A company focuses on achieving its annual targets in terms of revenue irrespective of the impact on its emplovees and the d. Shine Inc., a chemical supplier, adjusts its balance sheets to show profit despite a reduction in sales in order to reinforce shareholder confidence.

b. ABC Inc., a large industrial group, encourages its senior managers to set examples for other employees by being fair and just in their actions.

Which of the following is the clearest example of socially responsible behavior on the part of a business firm? a. Avoiding involvement in political causes b. Creating a pleasant workplace c. Ensuring that all workers get paid d. Focusing on profit maximization at all costs

b. Creating a pleasant workplace

Peter, the team leader of IntraCall Inc, is not satisfied with the performance of his team due to the negative feedback and innumerous complaints received by dissatisfied callers. Which measure can Peter adopt to build the reputation of his team and be considered an effective leader? a. He should concentrate on the weaknesses of his employees and focus on patching up such areas. b. He should concentrate on honing the strengths of his employees and putting them to best practice. c. He should focus on providing solutions to problems rather than asking tough questions. d. He should identify and fire employees and reshuffle the entire team.

b. He should concentrate on honing the strengths of his employees and putting them to best practice.

A recent development in corporate philanthropy is for corporate leaders to demand: a. respect and recognition from all recipients. b. a good return on investment, in terms of social impact. c. that the institutions receiving the money become good customers. d. that all recipients of their generosity believe in capitalism.

b. a good return on investment, in terms of social impact.

Chief operations officer Joan has an ethical mind, so she has a point of view that helps workers: a. focus on maximizing personal gains. b. aspire to do good work that matters to many people. c. feel entitled to whatever they can get away with or steal. d. lose their sense of reality.

b. aspire to do good work that matters to many people.

A _______ perspective is that the leader's behavior is profoundly influenced by the situation. a. path-goal leadership b. contingency leadership c. normative decision model d. middle of the road management

b. contingency leadership

Stephen, chief financial officer of Pluto Inc., is considered to be a very organized and disciplined leader by his employees, thus scoring high on the dimension of initiating structure. This impression of Stephen could stem from the fact that he a. arranges to set up a gymnasium for the members of his team b. emphasizes completing work on time without any unreasonable delays c. is never biased or favors an employee over the others d. provides some monetary assistance to help an employee educate his children

b. emphasizes completing work on time without any unreasonable delays

Chief financial officer Barry submits travel and expense reports that are completely genuine and encourages employees in his division to always give accurate and correct information. Barry is using the ethical initiative called: a. developing formal mechanisms for dealing with ethical problems. b. leading by example. c. accepting whistleblowers. d. open-book management.

b. leading by example.

An important way of inspiring people is to: a. implement tight control mechanisms b. satisfy their higher-level needs c. satisfy their lower-level needs d. place self-interest before service

b. satisfy their higher-level needs

Blue Inc., a highly profitable consumer goods manufacturing company, invests in a number of social responsibility initiatives that in turn generate profit for the company. Which feature of corporate and social performance is illustrated in the given scenario? a. Entitlement b. Deontological theory c. Virtuous circle d. Whistleblowing

c. Virtuous circle

Martha, the chief designer of StyleSmartz, is considered a role model by her design team members for her role as an effective leader and her relationship-oriented attitudes and behaviors. Martha is considered an effective leader by the team due to her tendency to _____ a. motivate employees by satisfying their basic necessities or low-level needs b. discourage employees from letting their emotions affect their work c. engage in management openness by encouraging members to voice their opinion d. adopt a zero-tolerance stand on erring and unproductive employees

c. engage in management openness by encouraging members to voice their opinion

A major source of individual differences in ethics and morality among leaders is: a. the products and services offered by the firm. b. their tendency to focus on all stakeholders. c. their level of greed, gluttony, and avarice. d. government regulations about ethics.

c. their level of greed, gluttony, and avarice.

Emily, the product development manager of Juz Tel, seeks suggestions from her team members for improvising on the company's existing range of cell phones. The team members pour in their suggestions and Emily takes the final call on the inputs received by them. In this scenario, Emily is portrayed as a(n) _______. a. consensus leader b. autocratic leader c. democratic leader d. consultative leader

consultative leader

Ayan, the newly appointed team manager of the sales team, practices autocratic leadership in his team. However, his team members, who are quite experienced and equipped in their fields, are not satisfied with the style of leadership practiced by Ayan, particularly that he doesn't seek consensus in many of his decisions, which negatively affects team productivity. This scenario depicts the violation of _______. a. a middle of the road approach to leadership b. a liberal authoritarian approach to leadership c. a strict authoritarian approach to leadership d. a contingency approach to leadership

d. a contingency approach to leadership

Ethics can be considered the: a. opposite of moral leadership. b. opposing force to values. c. equivalent of organizational culture. d. vehicle for putting values into action.

d. vehicle for putting values into action.

Katie, the marketing head of MeDiASure, a digital marketing agency, entrusts her team with the task of conceptualizing innovative marketing strategies for a client. Katie collects the group's opinion and lets the team take the final call on the most suitable strategies. In this scenario, Katie is assuming the role of a(n) _______ a. democratic leader b. autocratic leader c. consensus leader d. consultative leader

democratic leader

A leader scoring high on the dimension of consideration would typically be authoritarian and impersonal in relationships with subordinates. True or False

false

A recommended strategy for getting the most out of workers is to focus on patching their weaknesses rather than capitalizing on their strengths. True or False

false

According to the path-goal theory, the participative style is recommended when group members are performing repetitive tasks. True or False

false

An advantage of the participative leadership styles is that they substantially reduce the amount of time spent in committee meetings. True or False

false

Being open to worker opinions is part of the initiating structure dimension, and it is also central to autocratic leadership. True or False

false

In the leader-member exchange (LMX) theory, leaders in larger groups will use one leadership style due to the group size or a "one size fits all" leadership approach True or False

false

Promoting values and principles that contribute to the welfare of individuals and organizations can be classified as task-oriented. True or False

false

The factors of hard work and initiating structure are considered the two most important dimensions of leadership behavior. True or False

false

To influence performance and satisfaction of subordinates, it is not recommended that the leader reduce frustrating barriers to reaching goals because overcoming obstacles is the only way to increase employee confidence long term. True or False

false

To maintain an ethical climate, many companies today create the position of whistleblower, and the person holding this job investigates potential ethical violations full time. True or False

false

In the Pygmalion effect, group members _____ a. live up to expectations set for them b. become uncomfortable when placed under heavy pressure c. respond only to verbal signals d. rebel against high expectations

live up to expectations set for them

Providing group members with too little hands-on guidance about how to accomplish important work can be a symptom of _______. a. poor delegation b. management openness c. macromanagement d. micromanagement

micromanagement

A key part of 360-degree feedback is for leaders to ______ a. use a circular form for evaluating others. b. receive a little feedback almost every workday. c. receive both positive and negative feedback almost daily d. receive feedback from those who work with and for them.

receive feedback from those who work with and for them.

The _____ leader enhances morale when group members work on stressful or frustrating tasks by displaying concern for group members' well-being. A. achievement oriented B. supportive C. directive D. participative

supportive

A perform-or-perish culture calls for more of a consensus style of leadership. True or False

true

According to Fiedler's theory, relationship-motivated leaders perform the best in situations of low control. True or False

true

Alignment incorporates getting the group working together smoothly. True or False

true

Leadership effectiveness is typically measured by either objective data about results or subjective data about the perceptions of a leader. True or False

true

Several psychiatrists and corporate governance experts claim that some executives are unethical because they feel they are entitled to whatever they can get away with or steal. True or False

true

Situations shape not only how leaders behave, but also the consequences of leader behavior. True or False

true

Strategic leadership and social responsibility include the idea that senior managers set the tone for ethics and social responsibility throughout an organization. True or False

true

Sylvie, a manager, regularly reminds her team members about the importance of treating people fairly and supervises her employees in a fair manner. Hence, Sylvie is said to possess integrity. True or False

true

The leader-member exchange (LMX) theory states that leaders adapt their style to different members of the group. True or False

true

The teamwork approach is built into the participative leadership style. True or False

true