Exam 2 for Psych

The legal limit of blood alcohol concentration for driving in all states of the United States is ______________ BAC.

0.08

Adults move through about ________ different cycles of non-REM and REM sleep every night, with each cycle lasting roughly ________ minutes.

4-6 ; 90

Nathan is a budding lawyer experiencing troubled sleep. Let alone the occasional disturbed sleep, he takes not less than two hours to fall asleep. Even though he has been getting sleep at times since the last three weeks, he complains of not feeling rested after a night's sleep. Nathan's symptoms suggest that he suffers from:

insomnia

The colored part of they eye, which is called the _________________, adjusts the pupil to control the amount of light entering the eye.

iris

Memories of one's first pet and how to read reside in:

long-term memory

Which of the following is a hallucination that is also recommended and prescribed for people who suffer chemotherapy- related nausea or the involuntary weight loss due to AIDS?

marijuana

Which of the following is a form of mental training that can be used to claim the mind, stabilize concentration, or enhance awareness of the present moment?

meditation

Which hormone plays a role in relaxation and drowsiness in human beings?

melatonin

__________________ is the ability to store and use information.

memory

People show signs of international behavior when they are:

minimally consious

When a person is roused by sounds that seem important while filtering out the rest that seem run-of-the-mill, he/she is in a(n) _____________________state.

moderately conscious

Which of the following can be classified as an opioid?

morphine

Which of the following is a powerful stimulant that is more difficult to quit ans also reduces blood supply to skin tissue?

nicotine

________________is the act of organizing and interpreting sensory experience.

perception

__________________, the retention of memory over time, is the third stage of long-term memory formation.

storage

Which of the following is an attentional process that helps determine the contents of consciousness at any given moment in time>

sustained attention

Which of the following can be best described as a condition that results from habitual use or physical and psychological dependence on a substance?

addictions

The _____________________ is involved in assigning emotional significance to events and is crucial in encoding information relevant to emotional experiences.

amygdala

The monitoring of information from the enviornment and from one's own thoughts is termed as:

awareness

The string of digits 17749991941 is difficult for most people to remember, but breaking them up into 177, 999,1941 in a process called ____________ makes it easier.

chunking

Raj is an employed youth who has been recently moved to a night shift. Of late, he has been complaining of disturbed sleep and poor concentration. He also feels fatigued and listless more often. A change in _____ is most likely to have caused Raj's problems.

circadian rhythm

The vibrations on the oval window send movement through the fluid-filled cavity of the ___________________.

cochlea

_________________ are photoreceptors that are responsible for color vision and are most functional in conditions of bright light.

cones

________________is a clear, hard covering that protects the lens.

cornea

If a drug slows down central nervous system activity while increasing the activity of the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, then it is most likely to be a(n):

depressant

Of the following, ___________________is the first processing stage in long-term memory.

encoding

________________ memory is one's memory for the experiences one has had.

episodic

_________________ memories are the ones that require conscious effort for retrieval.

explicit

How many stages are there to non-REM sleep?

four

The ______________, a spot on the back of the retina, contains the highest concentration of cones in the retina.

fovea

John is a heavy binge drinker who has trouble with planning, working memory, and abstract thinking. Scanning of John's brain would reveal that he has a damaged:

frontal lobe

Which of the following conditions is a predominant feature of amphetamine psychosis?

hallucination

Salim likes to have coffee. He has begun to consume several cups of coffee even when he has nothing much to keep himself busy. He says that coffee keeps his spirits up by alleviating boredom. This indicates that Salim

has developed a psychological dependence on coffee.

__________________memories are retrieved without conscious effort.

implicit

When one knows or remembers something but does not consciously know that one remembers it, then one is said to be tapping into:

implicit memory

Which of the following refers to a phenomenon by which one fails to notice unexpected objects in her or his surroundings?

inattentional blindness

With EEG technology, scientists were able to learn that:

sleep changes throughout the night

Which psychologist coined the term preconscious

Freud

After entering through the cornea, light passes through liquid until it reaches a hole called the _______________________.

pupil

What does REM stand for?

rapid eye movement

The trichromatic theory of color vision states that all colors humans experience result from a mixture of:

red, blue, and green

The ________________ is a thin layer of nerve tissue that lines the back of the eye.

retina

Jiao is trying to remember where she kept the receipt of the birthday gift she bought her mother. In which stage of long-term memory processing is Jiao engaged?

retrieval

________________ are photoreceptors in the retina that play a key role in night vision, as they are most responsive to dark and light contrast.

rods

The ability to focus awareness on specific features in the environment while ignoring others is termed as:

selective attention

_________________is the stimulation of our sense organs by the outer world.

sensation

__________________ is made up of the brief traces of a sensation left by the firing or neurons in the brain.

sensory

What part of memory stores limited information long enough to remember a phone number before one dials it?

short-term memory

Nina is attending a get-together where she has to struggle to listen to a conversation with her colleague due to a lot of background noise. However, her ears prick up as soon as she hears her name being mentioned by someone in another part of the room and, consequently, she loses the thread of conversation with her colleague. Which of the following terms best describes the experience Nina has?

the cocktail party effect

Which part of the eye is responsible for bending light rays so that light can be focused on the retina?

the lens

In which state will a person be wakeful but not very awake?

vegetative