exam 2 - intro to world religions
what did constantine do in 330 ce
transferred the imperial capital from rome to constantinople
how are different christian churches different
uses different doctrine and beliefs when teaching
When did Muhammad receive his first revelation?
when he was 40 in 610 CE
What does the word Islam mean?
Submission to God
What is jihad?
"struggle in the way of God"
When did the Prophet Muhammad die?
632 AD
how many sacraments are there
7
What is Id al-Adha?
A celebration of the time when God commanded Abraham to sacrifice his son. Muslims slay an animal in honor of God, who provided a ram, and share it with those in need. most important holiday celebrated after pilgrimage season ends
What is a surah?
A chapter of the Qur'an(114)
What was the Protestant Reformation?
A movement intended to bring religious reforms of the Roman Catholic Church
What is the Hadith?
A tradition relating the words or deeds of the Prophet Muhammad; next to the Quran, the most important basis for Islamic law.
what are saints
Christian holy people- heroes and spiritual role models
Who is Constantine?
Constantine was a Roman emperor who officially approved Christianity and gave all his credits to God. (who was fighting over Roman's empire with another person. Before his big battle he had a vision of a cross and prayed for divine help. )
What is Sufism?
Islamic mysticism with the goal of drawing close to and personally experiencing god
What is a mosque?
Islamic place of worship and prayer
What is Wahhabism
It is an extreme form of Islam that insists on a literal interpretation of the Quran. orthodox form of sunni islam
Who is Khadija and why is she important?
Khadija was Muhammad's first wife who helped him pursue his religious aspirations
What is the hajj?
Pilgrimage to Mecca
what are the two parts of the christian liturgy
The Liturgy of the Word and Liturgy of the Eucharist
What is the New Testament?
The New Testament is the collection of sacred books that records the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, the Church's beginnings, and the teachings of the Apostles. created in the 4th century
What are sacraments?
The Sacraments are sacred signs through which Jesus gives us His Spirit and makes us holy and pleasing to Him by grace.
What is the Night Journey?
When Muhammad traveled to Jerusalem, ascended to heaven, and came into the presence of God
what is the christian doctrine of original sin
all humanity participated in the first sin (adam and eve)
Why is Mecca a sacred place in Islam?
birth place of muhammad
what is the christian doctrine of apostolic succession
bishops were the successors of the apostles commissioned to lead the church
what is the doctrine of transubstantiation
bread and wine become the body and blood of christ only the essence though
what two great feasts are the foundation of the christian liturgical new year
christmas and beliefs
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
declaration of Faith( shahadah), daily Prayer(salat), Almsgiving (zakat), Fasting during Ramadan(saum), Pilgrimage to Mecca(hajj)
What did Constantine do in 312/313 CE
defeated a rival after seeking god in prayer and legalized christianity
what is christian fundamentalism
defending doctrine it identifies as fundamental to christianity against perceived threats opposed to modern culture such as the traditional values defended
what does christianity teach about heaven
existence beyond this life, its perfect and eternal, consequences will be realized
what does christianity teach about hell
firey pit, sinners suffer here if they do not accept gods grace and love
what does christianity teach about the trinity
god is 3 in 1. the father the son and the holy spirit
what does christianity teach about grace and salvation
gods grace is the love he freely gives to sinners and that our soul becomes protected and united with jesus when we are saved
What is the relationship between Muhammad and God and the Qur'an?
gods tells his word to Muhammad and the he translate them to the Quran
what is significant about st. augustine
he argued that sinfulness is a fundamental flaw in human nature
Why is Jerusalem a sacred place in Islam?
it was the first qibla- place muslims turned towards in prayer
What is significant about the year 622 in Islam?
its the year muslims count as year one
what are the icons of christianity
jesus and the virgin mary most common in roman catholic and lutheran churches
what does christianity teach about the life of jesus
jesus preformed miracles and healings
How are the surahs in the Quran arranged?
longest to shortest- except for the first one
what are the greatest commandments according to jesus
love god with all your heart and soul and to love thy neighbor as your self
what are the christian crusades
military crusades to push the Muslims back and liberate Jerusalem
Why is Medina a sacred place in Islam
muhammad fled to live there- translates to city of the prophet
What (according to our text) are the main themes in the Qur'an?
oneness of god, the prophecy, judgement day, angels and juinn
what does christianity teach about paul
paul taught about the death, resurrection , and lordship of jesus
What is the Great Awakening?
religious revival
what is significant about the council of trent
restated catholic teachings adding great deal of clarification
what are the three main branches of Christianity
roman Catholics, orthodox ,and protestant
What is the Qur'an?
the Muslim sacred text which translate to the literal word of god
what happened at nicea in the year 325 CE
the bishops created the doctrine called nicene creed
What happened (in the early history of Islam) in the year 622?
the hijra-Mahammad moved up to medena
What is the Ka'ba?
the kaba is a small shrine located near the center of the great mosque in mecca- most sacred spot on earth
