Exam 2 - quiz

"I think basically I blame the fact that I became divorced on the early age that I was married... our value systems weren't formed at that time and later we just grew apart." This is an example of what action from Uncoupling, chapter 10? a. deciding that the separation was the result of an unavoidable external circumstance b. staging manufactured interactions with the initiator c. coming to a new conclusion that justifies the need for reconciliation d. providing a macrosociology perspective

a

All of the following are profamily policies according to Hochschild, except for a. Family and Medical Leave Act b. Paid parental leave c. Lower-hour, flexible "family phases" for all regular jobs d. Tax credits to developers who build affordable housing near places of work

a

As discussed in The Second Shift, Congress passed legislation in 1993 that would give parents the right to take some time off of work after the birth of a child, although this leave is not necessarily paid. This legislation is called a. the family and medical leave act b. aid to families with dependent children c. no child left behind d. parent's bill of rights

a

In Uncoupling, Vaughn has a chapter on "Going Public" where she discusses how to couple presents their separation to family and friends. Vaughn explains how the initiator and the partner each try to present the separation in a certain way to different people by controlling what they say and how they act towards them. Which Goffman's dramaturgical concepts does this behavior show? a. impression management b. civil inattention c. preparing for the performance in the backstage d. anomie

a

The industrial revolution changed work life EXCEPT for a. industrialization affected men and women similarly b. single girls worked until they were married c. goods were produced and distributed to wider markets d. farmers became urban workers

a

What does 'second shift' represent in the book? a. that women are 'on duty' at work and 'on duty' at home b. that women take their children to work with them c. that responsibilities at home are shared by couples d. that couples have different shifts at work

a

Which of the following does Hochschild argue is the most important cost for women who work the second shift? a. the deeper problem of resentment they feel towards their husbands b. they work too many hours c. constant exhaustion d. they are stuck in unfulfilling careers

a

Which sociologist first used ethnography to demonstrate the framework of symbolic interactionism? a. Herbert Blumer b. Diane Vaughn c. Emile Durkheim d. George Chauncey

a

Why does Hochschild argue that divorce is harder on women than on men? a. Women are likely to fall to a lower economic class after a divorce b. Because women tend to be more invested in family than career, divorce is more emotionally devastating for them c. Courts are typically biased against women in divorce cases d. Women tend to lose many of their friends following a divorce

a

Herbert Blumer critiqued which of the following intellectual trends? a. Hetero-homosexual binarism b. Positivism c. Interactionism d. Microsociology

b

Hochschild states that, due to women's labor force participation, "women live a life divided between two competing urgency systems." These systems are? a. economy and marriage b. family and workplace c. to have children or not d. to marry or not

b

What is the internal motive that shapes Carmen's view on gender? a. the desire of family happiness b. She feared being an independent single mom c. Lack of job opportunities for women d. She enjoys being lazy

b

When men do devote their time to childcare, which type of tasks are they more likely to participate in? a. daily care of their children, such as bathing and feeding b. fun activities, such as going to the zoo c. scheduling play dates for their children d. setting up doctor's appointments for their children

b

Which best describes the "scarcity of gratitude" in the Stein family? a. Seth regularly gives Jessica expensive gifts, but she does not show gratitude for them b. Seth feels Jessica does not appreciate him for working so hard, while Jessica feels Seth does not appreciate her for making sacrifices in her career c. Seth and Jessica did not teach their children to say "thank you," so they have become entitled and rude. d. The Steins are rude to their hired helpers and never thank them for their work

b

Which best describes the DeLacortes' gender ideologies? a. Mrs. Transitional and Mr. Traditional b. Mrs. and Mr. Traditional c. Mrs. Traditional and Mr. Egalitarian d. Mrs. Egalitarian and Mr. Traditional

b

Which of the following does Hochschild argue forms a new basis of power and identity for women today? a. influence over children or kin b. wages and authority on the job c. the number of children a woman has d. attractiveness to men

b

Which of the following would not be considered part of the early "Secrets" phase of a marital breakup or partner separation, according to Uncoupling: a. the initiator quietly reviews the history of the relationship and reassesses its significance b. the initiator engages in deep emotional labor in an effort to re-frame the partner more positively c. the initiator makes an attempt to change the way household responsibilities have been divided d. the initiator subtly attempts to "reshape the partner 'to be a different person'"

b

Working mothers are more likely than any other group to experience which condition? a. low self-esteem b. anxiety c. eating disorders d. depression

b

"I now see my break with religion as part of my developing individuality. At the time I was close friends with priests and nuns, most of whom have since left the church. ... I felt constrained toward a type of marriage that was not best for me." What stage of uncoupling does this quote refer to? a. the breakdown of cover-up b. the display of discontent c. mid-transition d. uncoupling

c

According to Hochschild, all of the following affect the economic situation of women who are divorced, except for a. the belief that child care is female work b. higher male wages c. the disappearance of the family wage d. the failure of ex-husbands to support their children

c

According to Hochschild, how is the United States' "gender strategy" different from those of other industrialized countries? a. Because of American individualism, women have more career ambitions b. American popular culture such as TV and movies results in a more traditional gender ideology c. the U.S. does not guarantee paid leave for parents of newborn babies d. The Family and Medical Leact Act gives working parents more support than they receive in other countries

c

All of the following are examples of backstage support that contribute to the success of a husband's work, EXCEPT for: a. ironing a work uniform b. fixing lunch c. commuting to work d. washing clothes

c

All of the following are true regarding Laud Humphreys' study, except for a. He studied male-male encounters in bathrooms and rest stops b. His study shows that sex roles are not stable c. There were no ethical concerns about his research methods d. Humphreys assumed the role of "watchqueen" in his research

c

How did Dr. Hochschild conduct her research? a. she only interviewed the housewives b. she kept in touch with the families decades after she completed her study c. she became a house maid in different families so that she could talk with them d. she tried to become as unobstrusive as a family dog

d

How did Jessica cope with Seth's inability to help with the second shift? a. she divorced Seth b. she quit her job c. she refused to do Seth's laundry d. she hired Carmelita

d

How does Evan contribute to "Joey's Problem"? a. he never spends father-son time with Joey b. he is not proud of Joey c. Nancy thinks Evan gives Joey too many treats d. Evan struggles to be an active father

d

In Chapter 3 of Uncoupling, Vaughn argued that several things that may occur during the mid-transition period of a break-up. According to Vaughn, which of these does NOT occur during this time? a. the initiator engages in "exploratory socialization" b. alienation from friends and family due to violation of religious ideologies c. rearrangement of the couple's friends to reflect their growing separation d. the couple engages in repeated cycles of trying to salvage their relationship

d

In Hochschild's study, which kind of marriages tended to be the most troubled? a. Marriages in which one partner had a middle-class background and the other grew up in the working class b. Marriages in which the husband has an egalitarian ideology but the wife has a traditional ideology c. Marriages in which both partners were focused on family and neither were successful at work d. Marriages in which both partners focused on career over family

d

In the concluding chapters, Hochschild makes some recommendations for the future of the second shift. Which of these does she recommend? a. women should make chore lists for their male partners b. men should leave the corporate world to focus on their families c. large corporations should offer financial benefits to employees with children d. government policies should accommodate families by offering incentives to help citizens balance work and family

d

Responding to how we imagine others are seeing us during social exchanges describes a. moral regulation b. the "Alice syndrome" c. reflective responsivism d. the looking-glass self

d

What does Hochschild claim is both a new ideal to women and a cautionary tale? a. marriage b. motherhood c. housewives d. the idea of the working mother

d

Which of the following statements best describes Carmen Delacorte's gender strategy? a. she was self-identified feminist who asserted her independence from Frank b. she arranged to share the second shift; she agreed to clean the upstairs if he cleaned the downstairs c. she "went on strike" and refused to work the second shift until Frank did his share of the housework d. she played helpless in order to get Frank to help around the house

d

Which of these is NOT one of the gender ideologies identified by Hochschild? a. Traditional b. Transitional c. Egalitarian d. Conservative

d

Which of these statements about the research presented in The Second Shift is not true? a. Arlie Hochschild and Anne Machung interviewed 145 people for the study b. Most of the people interviewed had at least a bachelor's degree c. The majority of the people interviewed were white d. About half of the people interviewed were blue-collar workers

d

Why does Carmen Delacorte work? a. Frank and Carmen needed to support their fourth child b. Carmen rejects traditional gender roles c. Frank expects her to contribute to the family's income d. Frank lost his job as a cabinet maker

d

Eddie Haskell was a character in the 1950s TV show Leave it to Beaver. Wikipedia describes Eddie Haskell as "...known for his neat grooming hiding his shallow and sneaky character. Typically, Eddie would greet his friends' parents with overdone good manners and often a compliment such as 'That's a lovely dress you're wearing, Mrs. Cleaver.' Eddie's two-faced style was also typified by his efforts to curry favor by trying to talk to adults at the level he thought they would respect, such as referring to their children as Theodore (Beaver's much-disliked given name) and Wallace, even though the parents called them Beaver and Wally." Using the specialized vocabulary of microsociology, what's Eddie Haskell doing when he tells Mrs. Cleaver that she's wearing a lovely dress? a. Eddie is engaging in "definitional hegemony" so that others give him a favorable interpretation of events b. Eddie is engaging in "conversation analysis" with Mrs. Cleaver in order to find the compliment that makes her most comfortable c. Eddie is engaging in "impression management" to convey to Mrs. Cleaver that he's a responsible and respectful teen d. Eddie is "dramaturgically" redefining the region so that his compliment occurs in the "backstage" instead of the "front stage"

c

From a dramaturgical perspective, the secrets that Vaughn talks about in Uncoupling initially occupy which region? a. front stage b. the audience c. back stage d. the orchestra pit

c

Harry and Taylor are on their first date. Taylor thinks it went very well, while Harry can't wait to leave. At the end of the evening, Taylor leans in for a goodnight kiss while Harry quickly steps back to avoid it. According to micro-sociologists, what has just occurred? a. a gender ideology b. an emotional violation c. a conflict in the definition of the situation d. a dramaturgical back stage

c

Herbert Blumer developed his theory of symbolic interactionism in the 1930s as a response to: a. postmodernism b. structuralism c. positivism d. agency

c

Socialization is: a. Marx's ideal society b. a set of organizations and social systems c. social learning d. 'rule by the father'

c

What is "Joey's Problem"? a. Joey is too attached to his father b. Joey is narcoleptic c. Joey has trouble getting to sleep d. Joey has been diagnosed with a rare disease

c

Which of the following defines gender strategy, according to Hochschild? a. how much power in the marriage one wants to have b. the sphere (home or work) a person wants to identify with c. a plan of action to solve a problem at hand, given certain cultural notions of gender d. deeply held beliefs about what it means to be a man or woman

c

Which of the following is NOT an effect Seth Stein's career has on his family? a. Seth believed he deserved more nurturance than his wife b. His career determined what happened in the home c. Seth increased his emotional attachment to his wife d. Seth decreased his emotional attachment with his children

c

Which type of gender ideology does Frank Delacorte believe is present in his marriage? a. transformational b. transitional c. traditional d. egalitarian

c

Why did Carmen dislike women with advanced degrees and successful careers? a. She felt they had more power than she did b. They had less housework to deal with c. They were invalidating her gender ideology d. They represented an unattainable goal she wanted

c

A woman walks into a fancy restaurant and starts to sing a song very loudly, causing people to stare at her. This is an example of WHAT kind of interaction problem: a. she is a neoliberal, while the other people are liberals b. she does not understand ethnography c. she has a mental illness d. she has the wrong definition of the situation

d

Carmen Delacorte needs her husband to help with housework, but she also believes the house is "her turf." How does she resolve this dilemma? a. She pretends not to notice when Frank helps out with chores b. She hires a housekeeper instead of asking Frank to help c. She leaves some chores undone, resulting in a messy house d. She pretends to be helpless and incompetent so that Frank's help seems chivalrous and masculine

d