EXAM 25 CH. 31, 32, 33

What is the primary treatment for a patient with a chemical burn to the eye? CH33

Irrigation with sterile saline solution

What does a bull's-eye lesion, with a central, charred zone of full-thickness burns; a middle zone of cold, gray, dry tissue; and an outer, red zone of coagulation necrosis indicate? CH32

Electrical burn

What is the correct treatment for profuse bleeding of facial injuries? CH33

apply direct pressure unless there is a possibility of airway compromise.

A superficial burn is characterized by: CH32

red, swollen skin.

The Parkland formula is used to determine CH32

the approximate amount of fluid the burn patient needs. The Parkland formula (also known as the Consensus formula) estimates the amount of fluids a burn victim will need in the first 24 hours after injury.

Which of the following is the highest risk wound? CH31

A deep human bite wound

Which of the following should you NOT use to secure a dressing in place? CH31

Elastic bandages

Which of the following fit into the major burn category? CH32

- A 40-year-old splashed with battery acid that covers both arms - A 23-year-old woman suffering from smoke inhalation with signs of stridor

You have responded to a house fire and encounter a 35-year-old woman with partial-thickness burns on her hands and stomach. She is displaying signs of shock. What should you do? CH32

- Inspect for additional injuries If an acutely burned patient is in shock in the prehospital phase, look for another injury as the source of shock.

Which of the following anatomical structures are found in zone I of the neck? CH33

- Subclavian veins - Aortic arch

What is the MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries? CH33

Airway compromise

Which type of chemicals cause liquefaction necrosis? CH32

Alkalis -cause little pain but extensive damage by liquefaction necrosis.

What should you do if your patient has a hydrofluoric acid burn? CH32

Apply calcium gluconate gel

What is the most serious problem you need to consider in a patient with an electrical burn? CH32

Cardiac dysrhythmia or arrest

What is the first thing you need to do when treating an open wound? CH31

Expose the wound.

Which type of cut is caused by a sharp edge? CH31

Laceration

A young patient was assaulted. You note ecchymosis, orbital swelling, and malocclusion. As you continue your inspection, you sense movement in the palate. Which of the following should you suspect? CH33

Le Fort fracture

How should you manage a burn blister? CH32

Leave it intact and cover it loosely.

You are managing an open abdominal wound. The bandage you have placed is soaked with blood. What is your next step? CH31

Leave the bandage in place and put additional bandages over the first.

What is the general rule for dealing with a puncture wound involving an impaled object? CH31

Leave the object in place.

If a patient had a foreign body impaled in the globe of the eye, which type of dressing would be applied? CH33

Moist, sterile dressing; protective cup for the affected eye; and bandage for the unaffected eye.

What is anisocoria? CH33

Natural occurring unequal pupil size

For a patient with a penetrating injury to the neck, which type of dressing should you apply? CH33

Occlusive dressing, sealed on three sides

You are assessing a patient and note bright red blood in the anterior chamber of the eye. How should you transport this patient? CH33

On a backboard with the head elevated 40 degrees - Blood in the anterior portion of the eye is characteristic of hyphema and suggests significant force and potential spinal injury. Place the patient on a backboard with the head elevated 40° to decrease intraocular pressure.

You are assessing a young woman who was struck by flying glass in the face. The skin of her left cheek is avulsed. What should you do? CH31

Put the skin back in place and apply a dry compression dressing.

You are treating a construction worker working with a special type of concrete ("the kind that sets real fast") and some splashed into his eyes. While irrigating his eyes, you notice that the patient has dried concrete specks on his cheeks and forehead. What should you do? CH32

Remove them from the skin while wearing gloves and flush the skin for 30 minutes.

A 16-year-old male was struck in the face by a baseball bat during practice. He presents supine on the ground and is unresponsive with blood and broken teeth in the airway. What is your next step? CH33

Roll the patient onto his side and suction his airway

What is the first thing you should do for a burn victim? CH32

Stop the burn.

What is fluid creep? CH32

The administration of more fluid than necessary prior to the patient's arrival at a burn center

Half of all fluid administered to a burn victim needs to be administered during what period? CH32

The first 8 hours from the time of injury.

You are assessing a patient who has suffered several facial lacerations during an automobile accident. As you examine her eyes with your penlight, you observe a circular shadow over the patient's left iris. What does this indicate? CH 33

The patient is wearing hard contact lenses.

What is the best bleeding control for an arterial extremity wound? CH31

Tourniquet

How many sides of the dressing should you seal when using an occlusive dressing on a chest wound? CH31

Three

You have responded to a car-pedestrian accident and find a 20-year old male on the ground. He has a deformed right lower leg and significant swelling in the right thigh, abrasions on his chest and forehead, unequal pupils, a pulse rate of 52, and is breathing at a rate of 6 breaths/min. What should you do first? CH31

Ventilate the patient at 20 breaths per minute using a bag mask device.

When should you remove other dressings from a bleeding wound? CH31

When applying a hemostatic dressing.

What is subcutaneous emphysema? CH33

a characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in the soft tissue

The body's first response to soft tissue injury to regain hemostasis is: CH31

inflammation