Exam 3

Bright red blood in the stool indicates that bleeding is most likely occurring: A. Bleeding from the rectum B. Bleeding in the stomach C. Bleeding from the duodenum D. Bleeding in the small intestine

A. Bleeding from the rectum

A patient is admitted with myxedema. Which of the following signs and symptoms would you expect? Mark all that apply A. Coma B. Hypertension C. Hypoventilation D. Hypothermia E. Hypoglycemia F. Tachycardia

A. Coma C. Hypoventilation D. Hypothermia E. Hypoglycemia

A patient has a GI bleed and has had blood in the stool for several days. What signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see in this patient? Mark all that apply. A. Pale color B. Edema C. Lightheadedness D. Hypotension E. Bradycardia F. Tachypnea

A. Pale color C. Lightheadedness D. Hypotension F. Tachypnea

A 25-year-old female is admitted to your unit with Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism). You would expect to see which of the following signs on admission? A. Cold intolerance B. Weight gain to 190 pounds with a height of 5 feet 8 inches C. Heart rate 80 beats per minute, respiratory rate 16 per minute D. Tachycardia, protrusion of eyeballs (exophthalmos)

D. Tachycardia, protrusion of eyeballs (exophthalmos)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client with hypoparathyroidism. Which vitamin therapy should the nurse teach the patient to use with this condition? A. Vitamin K B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin B D. Vitamin D

D. Vitamin D

A patient comes to the doctors office and is diagnosed with GERD. The patient asks what this is. The nurse responds by saying: A. "It is a bacterial infection in the stomach" B. "It is a backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus" C. "It is acid that is damaging the gastric mucosal" D. "It is inflammation of the stomach"

B. "It is a backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus"

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy will have which of the following: A. Bleeding B. Confusion C. Splenomegaly D. Ascites

B. Confusion

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in a teenager may cause: A. Decreased metabolic rate B. Giantism C. Acromegaly D. Dwarfism

B. Giantism

A patient with Acromegaly is at increased risk for which health problems? Mark all that apply A. Hypothyroidism B. Heart failure C. Osteoarthritis D. Hypotension E. Heart failure

B. Heart failure C. Osteoarthritis E. Heart failure

After a thyroidectomy (removal of the thyroid gland) due to cancer, the nurse would monitor the client for which potential electrolyte problem? A. Hypophosphatemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypokalemia D. Hyponatremia

B. Hypocalcemia

A client is admitted with diabetes insipidus. The nurse knows that which of the following is NOT necessary to monitor for this condition. A. Monitor for dehydration B. Monitor glucose levels C. Monitor I/O's D. Monitor fluid intake of the client

B. Monitor glucose levels

Removal of part of the liver leads to ________ of the remaining liver cells. A. Metaplasia B. Atrophy C. Compensatory hyperplasia D. Compensatory dysplasia

C. Compensatory hyperplasia

Ascites (swollen abdomen in hepatic failure) is most likely due to: A. Deterioration of gastric mucosa B. Pancreatic failure C. Decreased plasma oncotic pressure D. Blockage of the common bile duct

C. Decreased plasma oncotic pressure

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which of the following are potential complications that the nurse should be monitoring for? Mark all that apply. A. Hypertension B. Fluid volume overload C. Shock D. Acute kidney injury E. Pleural effusion

C. Shock D. Acute kidney injury E. Pleural effusion

A patient is complaining of abdominal pain, diarrhea (8-10 stools per day) and bloody stools. A possible diagnosis would be: A. Esophageal cancer B. Bowel obstruction C. Ulcerative colitis D. Hiatal hernia

C. Ulcerative colitis

A patient is admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse would expect to see which of the following symptoms and lab data? A. Weight loss, increased serum potassium, decreased serum sodium, hypotension B. Fluid retention, decreased serum osmolality, decreased serum sodium levels C. Weight gain, moon face, increased serum glucose, fluid retention, decreased serum potassium D. Weight loss, heat intolerance, fatigue, muscle wasting, diarrhea

C. Weight gain, moon face, increased serum glucose, fluid retention, decreased serum potassium

An insulin dependent teenager has an upcoming dance. She wants to fit into her dress, so she doesn't take her insulin as prescribed. She comes to the doctors office with decreased weight, increased glucose, polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia. What is she at risk for? A. Anorexia B. Thyroid storm C. Hypoglycemia D. Diabetic ketoacidosis

D. Diabetic ketoacidosis

A client's ulcerative colitis signs and symptoms have been present for longer than 1 week. The nurse should assess the client for signs and symptoms of which of the following complications of this disease? A. Hyperglycemia B. Strictures C. Weight gain D. Electrolyte imbalances

D. Electrolyte imbalances

A client with type 2 DM comes into the ER with a blood glucose >600 mg/dL and is complaining of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and weakness. The nurse would expect which of the following complications of the disease? A. Hypoglycemia B. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) C. Diabetic nephropathy D. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)

D. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)

A client with Crohn's disease has strictures in the colon. Based on this finding, for which of the following complications is the client most at risk? A. Fluid imbalance B. Peritonitis C. Malabsorption D. Obstruction

D. Obstruction

Which safety measure should the nurse use for a client who has adrenocortical insufficiency? a. Pad the side rails of the client's bed b. Assist the client to change positions slowly c. Use a lift sheet to change the client's positions d. Keep suction equipment at the bedside

b. Assist the client to change positions slowly

The diabetic client has severe peripheral neuropathy, resulting in numbness and reduced sensation. Which intervention should the nurse teach the client to prevent injury as a result of this complication? a. Examine your feet daily b. Rotate your insulin injection sites c. Wear white socks instead of colored socks d. Use a bath thermometer to test water temperature.

a. Examine your feet daily

Which clinical manifestation in a client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus should the nurse expect as a result of the presence of ketoacid in the blood? a. Increased rate and depth of respiration b. Extremity tremors followed by seizure activity c. Oral temperature of 102 degrees F. (38.9 degrees C) d. Severe orthostatic hypotension

a. Increased rate and depth of respiration

What is the priority nursing diagnosis for the client in thyroid crisis (storm)? a. Potential for ineffective Breathing Pattern b. Risk for imbalanced body temperature c. Risk for decreased cardiac activity d. Risk for activity intolerance

a. Potential for ineffective Breathing Pattern

Which clinical manifestation indicates to the nurse that treatment for the client with hypothyroidism is effective? a. The client is thirsty b. The client's weight has been the same for 3 weeks c. The client's total white cell count is 6000 cells/mm3 d. The client has had a bowel movement every day for 1 week

b. The client's weight has been the same for 3 weeks

Which of the following statements regarding thyroid disorders is true? a. The presence of a "goiter" always indicates hypothyroidism. b. The effects of thyroid dysfunction are found in all body tissues and organs c. The hormones synthesized by the thyroid gland are not essential for life d. The effects of hypothyroidism are less serious than those of hyperthyroidism

b. The effects of thyroid dysfunction are found in all body tissues and organs

What is the basic underlying pathology of diabetes mellitus? a. A disruption of cellular glycolytic pathway b. An inability of the liver to catabolize glycogen c. A failure to synthesize and/or utilize insulin d. An inhibition of the conversion of protein to amino acids

c. A failure to synthesize and/or utilize insulin

When taking the blood pressure of a client after a parathyroidectomy, the nurse notes that the client's hand has gone into flexion contractions. What is the nurse's interpretation of this observation? a. Hypokalemia b. Hyponatremia c. Hypocalcemia d. Hyperkalemia

c. Hypocalcemia

Which client responses demonstrate to the nurse that treatment for diabetes insipidus is effective? a. Urine output is increased; specific gravity is increased b. Urine output is increased; specific gravity is decreased c. Urine output is decreased; specific gravity is increased d. Urine output is decreased; specific gravity is decreased

c. Urine output is decreased; specific gravity is increased

Which of the following manifestations of Graves' disease is unaffected by medical treatment for the hyperthyroidism? a. Thinning hair b. Weight loss c. Tachycardia d. Exophthalmos

d. Exophthalmos

Which action should the nurse suggest to reduce insulin needs in the client with diabetes mellitus? a. Reducing intake of water and other liquids to no more than 2 L/day b. Eating animal organ meats c. Taking two 1 hour naps daily d. Walking 1 mile each day

d. Walking 1 mile each day