Exam 3

A female client is receiving L-asparaginase. She is at the end of her chemotherapeutic course and is concerned because her liver function tests are abnormal. What is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"Liver impairment usually subsides when chemotherapy is complete."

A nurse is caring for a patient being treated with antineoplastic drugs. The patient is at risk for thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow suppression. What should the nurse monitor for in this patient?

Bloody urine

A patient has been prescribed melphalan, an alkylating agent, for the treatment of an ovarian tumor. The patient wants to know the action of the drug in treating the tumor. Which of the following should the nurse inform the patient?

Changes the cell to a more alkaline environment.

What is the nurse's priority intervention to reduce the risk of renal damage caused by cyclophosphamide?

Encourage fluids to maintain hydration.

A client's chemotherapeutic regimen includes procarbazine. What is the client's most likely diagnosis?

Hodgkin lymphoma

A 39-year-old client has begun taking tamoxifen to reduce the risk of contralateral breast cancer. The client is now reporting hot flashes and dysmenorrhea. What is the nurse's best action?

Inform the client that these are likely adverse effects of drug therapy.

Which agent would the nurse expect to be administered orally?

Methotrexate Methotrexate is absorbed well from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and can be administered orally. Cytarabine, fluorouracil, and gemcitabine must be administered parenterally because they are not absorbed well from the GI tract.

Which would the nurse identify as an antineoplastic antibiotic?

Mitomycin

A nurse has completed a medication reconciliation of a patient who has been admitted following a motor vehicle accident. Among the many drugs that the patient has received in the previous year is rituximab. The nurse would be justified in suspecting the patient may have received treatment for which of the following diseases?

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

A client with a pancreatic tumor will be starting on chemotherapy to decrease the size of the tumor, give the client a better quality of life, and reduce discomfort. What is this form of therapy called?

Palliative therapy

An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease?

Prostate cancer

A nurse is caring for a client who has received chemotherapy treatment. The client has developed inflammation of the oral mucous membrane, which is affecting the nutritional aspects of care. What suggestions should the nurse provide to the client for relief?

Provide mouth care with normal saline every 4 hours

The client receiving a first infusion of paclitaxel reports chills and dyspnea. The oncology nurse assesses the client and observes facial flushing, wheezing, and extreme anxiety. What is the priority intervention by the nurse?

Stop the infusion.

A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug?

Tamoxifen

A female client is prescribed methotrexate for meningeal leukemia. What health education should the nurse prioritize?

Use reliable forms of barrier contraception.

Your new admission is a 53-year-old black woman, presenting after bilateral mastectomies. Earlier biopsy results indicated multiple malignancies in each breast. How long does it usually take for malignant cells to produce a clinically detectable neoplasm?

Years

An adult client who has been diagnosed with a rectal tumor is scheduled to begin treatment with cisplatin. The nurse has conducted client teaching about the possibility of nausea and vomiting. In order to reduce the client's risk of severe nausea, the nurse should:

administer a combination of antiemetics prior to the administration of the drug.

A nurse educator is discussing the role of protooncogenes in the pathophysiology of cancer. What typically triggers protooncogenes to differentiate into oncogenes?

exposure to carcinogens