Exam 3 Adulthood prep

What percentage of all marriages in the U.S. are second marriages?

13

The median weekly earnings in 2018 for workers with a Master's degree was $___.

1434

The rate of serious mental illness (SMI) in adult women 65 and older is:

2.1

As of 2017, women earned approximately ____% of the earnings of men.

82

The World Health Organization is advocating for which global age-related movement?

Age Friendly Environment

The age and performance "scorecard" lists which factor as contributing toward greater productivity in older workers?

Having fewer absences.

The O*NET is used in the area of occupations for which purpose?

To categorize all jobs in the U.S.

Throwing out a number of ideas to see which will prove most useful, known as the "blind variation and selective retention" theory, is more simply known as the:

equal odds rule.

The most common pattern of antisocial personality disorder in adulthood is referred to as:

late life persistent

The sense of generativity, according to Erikson, can be developed in midlife through:

mentoring other people.

Feelings of imminent departure, sense of isolation, and greater expressiveness characterize which feature of creativity in later life?

old age style

Which personality trait is most closely related to creativity in later adulthood?

openness to experience

To obtain data on age and happiness, economists used which type of measure?

single rating scale, filial maturity

Social Security is "pay-as-you-go," meaning that:

your payroll tax goes toward current retiree benefits.

What percentage of adults 65 years of age and older have a college degree?

26.7

As of 2018, ____% of women living with a spouse and who have children under 3 years of age are in the U.S. labor force

62

By the year 2028, approximately what percent of the population 65 to 74 will be in the U.S. civilian labor force?

7.2

Approximately ___% of older adults in a national survey of happiness reported feeling that others didn't need them.

9

People with a Type __ personality have high levels of anxiety, loneliness, and depression but try to suppress those feelings.

D

As shown in AgeFeed, which of the following is a criterion for being a successful ager?

Focusing on positive past achievements

The RIASEC types can be fit into two underlying dimensions of people/things vs.:

data/ideas

A psychologist who specializes in treatment of older adults finds it at times frustrating to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) in working with these patients because it:

has very little information specifically on aging.

Research on global patterns of happiness show that which types of countries are most likely to show the "U-shaped" effect?

high income

Older adults who have depressive symptoms and diabetes have higher mortality rates due to increased ______________ responses associated with C-reactive protein.

inflammatory

Associated with generativity may be the desire to secure a(n)____________, in which you feel you are contributing to society as a whole.

legacy

According to life course theory of retirement, retirees would be best able to adapt to this status by viewing it as a(n):

normative life event.

The U.S. Census Bureau reports that, as of the latest survey, ________ million grandparents in the labor force are responsible for the basic care of grandchildren living in the home.

1.5

Census data from the U.S. on the living arrangements of children show that ____% of those living with no parent present live in households with a grandparent only.

23

Among 18-25 year olds, approximately ____% of the population used illicit drugs in the U.S. as of 2018.

34.3

As of 2018, there were _____ countries in the World Health Organization with designated age friendly communities.

39

How many people (in millions) were receiving Social Security benefits in 2019?

46.4

A physician's assistant in a group medical practice joins a local professional organization of physician's assistants in order to share ideas and make connections with people in the area working in the same occupation. The joining of the professional organization represents which idea in vocational development?

boundaryless career

In the identity status model, emerging adults who are low in exploration but high in commitment to important life areas would be in which identity status?

Foreclosure

The tendency of people who have been divorced to consider divorce again when their marriage is not working out well is referred to as:

divorce proneness.

In the work-family enrichment model, which is considered a positive influence of family roles on work roles?

efficiency in time use

The gender gap in women's earnings can be explained primarily by which factor

employment in occupations with lower earnings

The daughter of a retired office worker begins to get suspicious when her mother says that the Internal Revenue Service called, demanding payment of $10,000 for back taxes. It is likely that the call was an attempt at:

financial abuse.

A 66-year-old man is a huge fan of his local university's football team. He attends every game, spending several hours tailgating before the game actually begins. When his team wins, he's elated, but when they lose, he cannot control his anger, sometimes going so far as to go outside and throwing rocks into the yar His reaction to defeat, in Vaillant's terms, would be consistent with which defense mechanism?

acting out

Research calculating the relationship between age and creative output is limited because it does not control for:

age of death.

Which of the following anxiety disorders shows the highest prevalence in adults 65 and older?

agoraphobia

According to AgeFeed, one of the facts (vs. myths) about older workers is that they:

are team players.

Researchers who study bipolar disorder in older adults emphasize which lifestyle change as part of treatment?

avoiding smoking and alcohol

In cognitive-behavioral therapy, the "cognitive" component involves teaching clients to:

be aware of and try to change negative self-thoughts.

According to statistics from Canadian crime reports, criminal acts involving _________have much higher prevalence rates in young adulthood, after which there is a sharp drop-off.

common assaults

A career counselor following the RIASEC model of vocational development would attempt to assess which feature of a client's relationship to work?

congruence.

People higher in conscientiousness may experience health benefits due to lower levels of which stress-related hormone?

cortisol

The artist Pablo Picasso produced great works of art until just before his death at the age of 91, suggesting that he was high in:

creative potential

The set point perspective to successful aging proposes that the greatest influence on happiness levels in older adults is:

personality

The old age style as expressed in creative works is likely to involve which type of theme?

pessimistic view of life

An older adult who is living on a tight income and has to economize on the essentials of daily living should, according to the _______________, also have low levels of happiness and life satisfaction.

social indicator model

The biopsychosocial model of creativity in later life regards definitions of eminence as reflecting which set of factors?

sociocultural

Having majored in art during college for two years, as a junior the student realizes that in order to get a job, it will be necessary to get additional training in another field. The closest occupation in the RIASEC model to artist would be in which area?

teaching

The ability of stepparents to feel less stressed in a blended family, in which the other parent is the biological mother or father, can be promoted by:

the relaxing of gender roles among the biological and stepparent.

In his work on age and creativity, which measure did Dennis use to quantify creative production by age?

total output

The concept of attachment style is closes to which of Erikson's psychosocial stages?

trust vs. mistrust

An older woman who is experiencing depression along with insomnia and back pain is advised by her healthcare professional to seek mindfulness training in which she:

will learn to focus on the details of her experiences, including pain.

The idea that the ego plays a central role in behavior is most closely associated with which theoretical perspective in personality psychology?

psychodynamic

In attachment style terms, older adults may feel comforted by their pets, who provide them with a:

safe haven.

The Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study revealed that _____% of the sample of nearly 53,000 individuals 50 and older in 14 countries met the WHO criteria of Active and Healthy Aging.

57

According to AgeFeed, one of the myths (vs. facts) about older workers is that they:

can be easily replaced by younger workers.

A career counselor working with a client seeking to change occupations uses Holland's RIASEC model to determine that the client would feel most satisfied in a career as an accountant. This suggests that the client is high on which of the RIASEC types?

conventional

The process of "saving face" with regard to divorce, means that the partners in the couple, after their divorce:

decide to co-parent their children.

In ____________________, clinicians plan interventions with older adults that take into account such factors as available research, the individual's cultural background, and specific diagnosis.

evidence-based practice

An older adult client is being seen in a clinic to evaluate whether she has depression or a neurocognitive disorder. One indication that will help a clinician in making the diagnosis is that if she is depressed, she will show which behavioral tendencies?

exaggerate the extent of her memory loss

Functioning in which area was included in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) as a component of active and healthy ageing?

lower scores on measures of loneliness

People who do not settle on a consistent course in life, constantly searching for identity, would fit into which of the five pathways identified in the RALS?

meandering way

Found to contribute to major depressive disorder in older adults, which condition might be overlooked by psychologists conducting an assessment?

mobility limitations

Compared to younger adults who develop schizophrenia, in older adults _____________ seem to play a greater role.

psychosocial stressors

Research on schizophrenia in adults from 20 to 64 showed increased risk of mortality due to:

use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.

Research on the neuroscience of creativity in older adults suggests that the _____________ is involved in supporting creative thought.

default brain network

Most counts of creative works by older adults fail to include which potential group of contributors?

Eminent minority productive agers

People with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in later life tend to experience which additional psychological attribute?

depression

The concept of "life space-life stages" in Super's theory is close to the ______________ model proposed by Bronfenbrenner.

ecological

The gender gap in women's earnings can be explained primarily by which factor?

employment in occupations with lower earnings

People who are high in successful cognitive aging have been shown to have greater ability in which component of memory?

encoding speed

An effective treatment for people with PTSD combines relaxation therapy with __________ therapy, in which they are guided in mentally re-enacting a traumatic experience.

exposure

You overhear a conversation in which two women are talking about how they feel about their job. Both of them complain about the long hours, low pay, and unpleasant surroundings in the workplace. These complaints reflect which factors in vocational satisfaction?

extrinsic motivation

Couples who cohabitate before getting engaged will have a higher divorce rate should they marry. The most likely contributing factor is that:

the couples have learned about each other's faults too early in the relationship.

According to the _____________________, it is surprising that older adults are able to maintain high levels of well-being than would be suggested by their actual situations in life.

paradox of well-being

Research on evidence-based treatments for older adults suggests that the most effective approach should involve, as a first step

psychotherapy alone.

When Adult Protective Services was mandated by Title XX of the Social Security Act in 1975, what provisions for its funding were made by Congress?

little or no federal aid

A former software engineer retires from a job at a high-tech firm and soon after, takes a position as a substitute high school math teacher. The engineer is showing which late-life work pattern?

bridge employment

Although the media report frequently on the phenomenon of parents who are over-involved with their young adult children, contingency theory instead suggests instead that many parents actually:

provide the most support to their children who are actually in need of help.