exam 3

the most popular eating plan based on a regional cuisine is the ______

"Mediterranean diet"

folic acid fortification in the United States saves from _______ annually and is associated with an overall economic benefit of _______ per year

$88 million to $145 million $312 million to $425 million

Protein recommendations

-about 5.5 ounces of protein-rich foods every day for women ages 19 to 30 -Eat seafood as a protein source twice a week (roughly 8 ounces per week) -Make beans and peas a regular protein source.

USDA My plate dietary guidelines

-fruits and veggies = 1/2 of plate -1/4 = protein -1/'4= grains

Benefits of proper exercise during pregancy

-improved psychological well-being -shorter labor -speedier recovery after childbirth

benefits of regular exercise in day-to-day life

-improving the quality of sleep -controlling stress, -maintaining a healthy weight, -improving independence and daily functioning later in life

Causes of CHF in women

-older women who have suffered heart damage from high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, or a heart attack -a congenital heart defect or damage to the heart from a bacterial disease such as rheumatic heart disease

How the 6 major nutrients and fit into healthy diet

1. carbs= primary source of energy 2. protein= builds and maintains our organs, muscles, bones, and blood 3. fat= store energy 4. water= regulates everything in the body 5. Vitamins + 6. Minerals = help body grow and work the way it should.

more than _____ of U.S. adults are obese, and about _____ are overweight

1/3 1/3

Hunger affects about _____ households in the United States and _____ individuals around the world

1/8 1/9

Women who consume more than _____ of their calories from saturated fat are at greater risk for many chronic diseases as well as obesity

10%

limit the saturated fat you consume to ______ of the total calories you eat in a day

10%

Only ____ U.S. high school students get the recommended three servings or more of vegetables a day;

13%

Americans consume ____ and ____ of the recommended levels of sodium and saturated

149% 110%

Americans get an average of _____ of their calories from added sugars

15%

Only about _____ women in the United States gets the government-recommended levels of physical activity

16% (1/6)

government-recommended levels of physical activity for women

2.5 hrs

Women 50 yrs old and up should aim for about ________ of fiber per day

20 to 25 grams

Since fortification of cereal grains with folic acid began in the United States in 1998, the incidence of neural tube disorders has decreased by _______

20 to 30%

When were trans fats banned?

2018

Women 50 yrs old and younger should aim for about ________ of fiber per day

25 to 28 grams

A person is considered to be overweight if he or she has a BMI of

25 to 30

Americans consume _______ of the recommended levels calories from added sugar and solid fats

280%

Dairy Consumption and Alternatives

3 cups of low-fat or nonfat dairy products or other calcium-rich foods every day. Calcium-fortified soy products are a nutritious alternative to dairy foods.

Being active reduces a person's estimated chances of hypertension by

30%

Each year, physical inactivity contributes to more than ________deaths in the United States and more than _________ deaths worldwide

300,000 5 million

women who get 1 hour or more of moderate physical activity per week or more are.... ______ less likely to die from cancer, ______ less likely to die from cardiovascular disease _____ less likely to die early than women who do not exercise

33% 50% 66%

In the United States, the highest percentage of working women is between the ages of:

35 and 44

women of childbearing age should include _____ of folate or folic acid in their daily diet.

400 to 600 micrograms (0.4-0.6 mg)

Being active reduces a person's estimated chances of coronary artery disease by

45%,

Percentage of Black and Hispanic U.S. Adults Engaging in Adequate Aerobic Activity

46.4% 47.6%

More than ______ of U.S. adults do not get enough physical activity to provide even basic health benefits.

50%

The USDA dietary guidelines recommend that most Americans get about __________ of their diet from fruits and vegetables.

50%

Percentage of White U.S. Adults Engaging in Adequate Aerobic Activity

57.4%

The percentage of high school students who eat veggies on a daily basis

59%

Being active reduces a person's estimated chances of stroke by

60%

The percentage of high school students who drink soda or soft drinks regularly

69% *more than 2/3rds*

What percent of women in the workforce have young children?

70%

HDL cholesterol

= good cholesterol -high protein, low fat picks up cholesterol deposits and bring them to the liver for reprocessing or excretion

LDL cholesterol

=bad cholesterol -low protein, high fat - carries cholesterol through the blood, dropping it off where it is needed, and leaving any excess in arterial walls as plaque

myocardial infarction

=heart attack death of a portion pf the heart that occurs when 1 or more of the coronary arteries is damaged or clogged

Treatment for a heart attack can include: cholesterol-lowering medications. surgical procedures. behavior modification. All of these are correct.

All of these are correct.

Which of the following is a sign of a stroke? Sudden weakness Trouble speaking or understanding speech Trouble seeing in one or both eyes All of these are correct.

All of these are correct.

trans fats

An unsaturated fat, formed artificially during hydrogenation of oils, containing one or more trans double bonds.

__________ provide(s) a rough estimate of how close a person's weight is to a healthy range.

BMI

Recommended serving of grains

Eat 6 ounces of grains per day *at least half of the grains you eat whole rather than refined grains.*

Sybil has delusions and frequently hears voices that are not there. Additionally, she is unable to manage her emotions and think clearly. As a result, she has no friends and cannot remain employed. Given this information, she is probably suffering from what disease? Schizophrenia Obsessive-compulsive disorder Panic attacks Dissociative personality disorder

Schizophrenia

True or False? Battering during pregnancy is linked to an increased risk of miscarriage, premature labor, and low birthweight.

True

True or False? Hate crimes make up a small proportion of violent crimes, but can have enormous direct and indirect effects.

True

True or False? The heart is composed of four chambers: right atrium and ventricle and the left atrium and ventricle.

True

True or False? The intrauterine environment is critical to a child's development.

True

True or False? Women are more likely than men to develop carpal tunnel syndrome or repetitive motion injuries.

True

True or False? Women with college degrees earn more money than other women and are more likely to be employed.

True

True or false? Excessive dieting and preoccupation with body shape contribute to the development of eating disorders.

True

True or false? In the United States, eating disorders and panic disorders are more common in women than in men.

True

True or false? Most people with depression do not seek help.

True

True or false? The body better absorbs vitamins and minerals when they are part of the natural diet rather than when they are consumed as supplements.

True

Signs of a Heart Attack in Women

Unusual fatigue lasting for several days or sudden severe fatigue Sleep disturbance Indigestion/gas-like pain Jaw pain or pain that spreads up to the jaw Anxieties

cholesterol is

a type of fat produced by the liver vital to cell membranes

The USDA dietary guidelines recommend that most Americans get about __________ of their diet from fruits and vegetables. a. 50% b. 33% c. 25% d. 10%

a. 50%

Which of the following statements regarding the benefits of physical activity is not true? a. Physical activity increases the rate of bone loss. b. Physical activity builds lean body weight. c. Physical activity improves mood. d. Physical activity reduces symptoms of anxiety

a. Physical activity increases the rate of bone loss.

5. Women are more likely than men to develop carpal tunnel syndrome or repetitive motion injuries. a. True b. False

a. True

Types of congenital heart disease

acyanotic cyanotic

When the heart begins to beat irregularly, the condition is called:

arrhythmia

When it comes to alcohol, a healthy diet has _______

at most, moderate alcohol consumption (one drink a day for women, or one to two drinks a day for men)

3. This occurs when the heart muscles are weak and cannot pump blood with strength leading to the heart losing the ability to contract properly or sufficiently to meet the demands placed on it. a. Rheumatic Heart Disease b. Congestive Heart Failure c. Angina Pectoris d. Peripheral Artery Disease

b. Congestive Heart Failure

Luna experiences periods of normal behavior followed by periods when her moods cycle from abnormally "up" to very "down." She is probably suffering from: bipolar disorder. schizophrenia. obsessive-compulsive disorder. postpartum depression

bipolar disorder.

acyanotic heart disease

birth defect causing abnormal blood flow between heart and body

Luna experiences periods of normal behavior followed by periods when her moods cycle from abnormally "up" to very "down." Among the following choices, which mental illness might Luna be suffering from? a. schizophrenia b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. bipolar disorder d. postpartum depression

c. bipolar disorder

_______ is a vital building block for estrogen, testosterone, vitamin D, and bile.

cholesterol

dietary cholesterol

cholesterol that is fully formed in foods that the body does not need to assemble unlike HDL and LDL ex. eggs, seafood, liver

prevention methods for CHF

controlling high blood pressure, treating underlying bacterial infections, and following lifestyle modifications that prevent other forms of CVD.

Which of the following had the highest estimated prevalence of rape during their lifetime? a. Non-Hispanic women b. Black women c. Hispanic women d. multiracial women

d. multiracial women

Which of the following behavioral and/or psychological problems are suffered by children who experience abuse? a. low self-esteem b. depression c. suicidal behavior d. sexual dysfunction e. all of the answer choices listed are correct.

e. all of the answer choices listed are correct.

Monounsaturated fats

ex. olive, peanut, grapeseed, and canola oils

Polyunsaturated fats

ex. safflower, sunflower, corn, and flaxseed oils

soluble fiber

fiber that dissolves in water or is broken down by bacteria in the large intestine ex. oats

Insoluble fiber

fiber that does not dissolve in water and is not broken down by bacteria in the large intestine ex. wheat bran

Athleroscerosis

hardening and narrowing of the arteries *cannot be cured, but slowed*

Cyanotic heart disease

heart defect that reduces the amount of oxygen in blood to body

congestive heart failure

heart muscles are weak and cannot pump with strength.

unsaturated fats

liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. ex. olive oil *Best for body*

High-protein diets may increase a woman's risk for ______

osteoporosis, because excess dietary protein increases calcium loss in the urine.

What is the second-leading preventable cause of death in the United States, just behind tobacco use?

poor nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle

antoxidants

prevents cell damage by free radicals by neutralizing oxidants ex. vit E and C

The most destructive form of malnutrition, which mainly affects infants and young children, is _______

protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)

Increased levels of HDLs _____

reduce the risk for heart disease

__________ may also reduce anxiety and depression that can appear during pregnancy

regular exercise

saturated fats

solid at room temperature and found in animal fats lards, and dairy products.

Stalkers are frequently _____________.

someone known to the person being stalked

Nearly one out of every five employed women in the United States work as:

teachers, secretaries, managers, or cashiers

on average, women of childbearing age consume only half of _________.

their necessary intake of folic acid

what type of fat reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke when eaten in moderation?

unsaturated

The most common form of child abuse is __________.

Neglect

Which of the following applies to foods labeled as "all-natural"? A. They must be free of processing. B. They must be grown without pesticides or harmful chemicals. C. They must be produced in an eco-friendly manner. D. None of these is correct.

None of these is correct.

Americans it double the amount of recommend _______

Refined Grains

Disabled women are most likely to be abused by a/an __________.

Intimate partner

Both types of unsaturated fats lower _____ and raise ____

LDL HDL

Saturated fats increase ______ and risk for heart diesease

LDL (bad cholesterol)

Which of the following statements is true? Social context influences how societies classify mental illness. The current DSM classifies homosexuality as a "common but fairly harmless" mental illness. Mental illnesses are usually the result of extremely disturbing experiences during childhood. All of these are correct.

Social context influences how societies classify mental illness.