Exam 5 Practice

A client has been recently diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate a need for further teaching?

"I will need to take injectable insulin for the rest of my life."

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hydronephrosis. Which of the following assessment findings would not be characteristic of this diagnosis? A. Polyuria B. Flank pain C. Nausea and vomtting D. Fever

A. Polyuria

Which of the following is not a known risk factor for developing hydronephrosis? A. Vesicoureteral reflux B. Age between 20 and 40 years C. Nerve damage to the bladder D. Kidney stones

B. Age between 20 and 40 years

The nurse is reviewing the glomerular filtrations rates of several clients on the renal unit. Which of the following results would indicate a client is in end stage renal failure? A. GFR < 90 mL/min B. GFR < 15 mL/min C. GFR < 60 mL/min D. GFR < 30 mL/min

B. GFR < 15 mL/min

The nurse is educating a client with chronic kidney disease about dietary choices. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Low calcium diet B. Low potassium diet C. Diet low in iron D. High protein diet

B. Low potassium diet

The client with acute kidney injury (AKI) is experiencing a marked decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fluid retention. Which phase of AKI is the client in? A. Onset B. Oliguric phase C. Recover phase D. Diuretic phase

B. Oliguric phase

A client comes to the clinic with complaints of intermittent, severe, sharp right-sided flank pain, chills, nausea, and cloudy urine. Which of the following diagnoses does the nurse suspect? A. Glomerulonephritis B. Renal cell carcinoma C. Renal caliculi D. Nephrotic syndrome

C. Renal calculi

The nurse is caring for a client with a recent diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Which of the following assessment findings would not be consistent with this diagnosis? A. Abdominal mass B. Anorexia C. Weight gain D. Hematuria

C. Weight gain

Which of the following is not and action of growth hormone in the body?

Decreases the use of fatty acids for energy

The nurse is caring for a client following a surgical procedure to remove a portion of the thyroid gland. Which of the following symptoms would indicate to the nurse that the client is beginning to experience thyroid storm (thyrotoxic crisis)?

Diaphoresis

The nurse is caring for an adult client with a large nose, protruding jaw, and widely spaced teeth. The nurse expects this client has which of the following?

Excess of growth hormone

The nurse is reviewing the lab work of 4 clients. Which of the following diagnostic results would indicate a client has diabetes mellitus?

Fasting plasma glucose test: 204 mg/dL

A client with hyperthyroidism is admitted to the unit. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to find before treatment?

Hot, moist skin with thinning hair

A client with diabetes mellitus comes to the emergency department with complaints of extreme thirst, blurred vision, and urinating every 15 minutes. The clients heart rate and respiratory rate are slightly elevated. A urinalysis returns normal results. The nurse expects to begin treatment for which of the following?

Hyperglycemia

A client is being evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be expected in this patient?

Hyponatremia

A 50-year-old female client comes to the clinic with complaints of dry skin, thinning hair, and weight gain. The nurse suspects the client may be experiencing which of the following?

Hypothyroidism

The nurse is caring for an infant with congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect

Hypotonia

A child is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When the parents ask what causes this, what is the nurse's best response?

Immune destruction of the pancreas

Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect in a client with diabetes insipidus?

Increased urine specific gravity

Which of the following would not be an expected finding in a client experiencing a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)

Ketoacidosis

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Graves disease. Which of the following assessment findings would not be consistent with this diagnosis?

Low heart rate

The nurse is caring for a client with Diabetes Insipidus caused by an inadequate renal response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The nurse understands that the client is experiencing which type of DI?

Nephrogenic

What problem(s) should the nurse assess for in a patient with chronic hyperparathyroidism?

Osteoporosis and bone pain

During a CT scan, a client is noted to have multiple fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. Which of the following diagnoses is likely for this client? A. Renal calculi B. Hydronephrosis C. Renal cell carcinoma D. Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease

Which of the following is a true statement regarding precocious puberty?

Secondary sexual characteristics appear in boys less than 9 years old.

The nurse is assessing the physical features of a client with Cushing syndrome. Which assessment findings would be consistent with Cushing syndrome?

Truncal obesity and moon face

The nurse is educating a client with Addison disease about treatment. Which of the following would not be included in the teaching plan?

Follow a low sodium diet

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an acute adrenal crisis (Addisonian crisis). What are the 5 Ss that the nurse would anticipate for treatment?

Salt replacement Sugar replacement Support of physiologic function Steroid replacement Search for and treat underlying cause

The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse would expect which of the following assessment findings? A. Foamy urine B. High PB C. High fever D. Increased urine output

A. Foamy urine

Which of the following are risk factors for developing renal cell carcinoma? Select all that Apply. A. Hypertension B. Chronic use of pain medications C. Family history D. Smoking E. Low BMI

A. Hypertension B. Chronic use of pain medications C. Family history D. Smoking

Which of the following can be an underlying cause of glomerulonephritis? Select all that Apply. A. Hypotension B. Lupus C. Hepatitis D. Prior streptococcal infection E. Diabetes

B. Lupus C. Hepatitis D. Prior streptococcal infection E. Diabetes

Parents bring their 3-year-old child to the emergency department, stating the child has been complaining of abdominal pain. During the assessment, the nurse notes a firm mass on one side of the abdomen. The nurse suspects the child may have Wilms tumor. Which of the following actions by the nurse would be incorrect? A. Check the child's urine for evidence of blood B. Palpate the abdomen to determine size of the mass C. Tell the family surgery will be scheduled soon, since the tumor grows very quickly D. Check the child's BP for hypertension

B. Palpate the abdomen to determine size of the mass

The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse would question which of the following treatment orders by the physician as being an error? A. Presrcubed diuretics B. Prescribed antibiotics C. Prescribed steroids D. Prescribed immunosuppressants

B. Prescribed antibiotics

The nurse is educating a mother about the treatment plan for her child's diagnosed Wilms tumor. Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions? A. "The treatment for this is surgical removal of the tumor, but the kidney can be saved." B. "This tumor is benign and slow-growing. Surgical treatment is reserved as a last resort." C. "This tumor grows very quickly. Your child will be taken to surgery as soon as possible." D. " This tumor s highly treatable with chemotherapy and radiation alone."

C. "This tumor grows very quickly. Your child will be taken to surgery as soon as possible."

A child on the renal unit is prescribed plasmapheresis therapy. The nurse suspects this child has been diagnosed with which of the following? A. Nephrotic syndrome B. Wilms tumor C. Glomerulonephritis D. Hydronephrosis

C. Glomerulonephritis

Which of the following is a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Ureteral obstruction B. Renal ischemia C. Hypovolemia D. Nephrogenic medications

C. Hypovolemia

The nurse is caring for a client with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following treatments would the nurse anticipate? Select all that Apply. A. Low potassium diet B. Limit water intake C. Medications to control hypertension D. Analgesics for pain E. Avoid caffine

C. Medications to control hypertension D. Analgesics for pain E. Avoid caffeine

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with renal calculi who will attempt to pass the stones at home. Which of the following instructions would the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Avoid taking analgesics as this may make the stones worse." B. "If you cannot pass the stones on your own in 24 hours you will have to go to surgery for removal." C. Decrease the amount of fluid you are drinking so the stones break up on their own." D. "Make sure to collect and strain all urine to check for any stones."

D. "Make sure to collect and strain all urine to check for any stones."

A client in the emergency department is complaining of a burning sensation when urinating and strong smelling, cloudy urine. The nurse suspects the client has a urinary tract infection. Which additional assessment findings would lead the nurse to believe the infection has infected the client's kidneys? A. Burning with urination and urgency B. Discharge from the urethra and prink urine C. Pelvic pressure and lower abdominal discomfort D. Fever and chills

D. Fever and chills

The nurse is educating a female client with frequent urinary tract infections on how to prevent infections in the future. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Drinking apple juice may help prevent UTIs B. Drinking less fluids to prevent irritation of the bladder C. Empty the bladder before sexual activity D. Wipe from front to back when using the

D. Wipe from front to back when using the toilet