Exam

Which of the following is the recommended amount of aerobic physical activity for a child?

10 minutes of moderate intensity activity 3 times per day. 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity 5 days/week. 20 minutes of vigorous intensity activity 3 days/week. 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity per day. (Answer)

Which of the following is the most appropriate exercise heart range for a patient who is 50 years old as determined by the heart rate reserve formula (heart rate at rest is 70 beats/minute)?

124-133 bpm 142-154 bpm 136-147 bpm 130-140 bpm (answer)

When considering an effective protocol of ankle pumping exercises to minimize the risk of a postoperative deep vein thrombosis, which of these accurately reflects the number of minute(s) of active ankle pumping performed with the number of minutes of increased venous blood flow that has been shown to occur after exercise?

2 minute of ankle pumping exercises produces 20 minutes of increased venous blood flow 5 minute of ankle pumping exercises produces 60 minutes of increased venous blood flow 1 minute of ankle pumping exercises produces 15 minutes of increased venous blood flow 1 minute of ankle pumping exercises produces 30 minutes of increased venous blood flow (answer)

When a person is standing in chest-deep water, the percentage of weight bearing is approximately what percentage of body weight?

20% 50% 10% 33% (answer)

Which of the following describes physical fitness?

Ability to resist fatigue Ability to work for prolonged periods of time Any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles Ability to perform physical work (answer)

You are reviewing published information regarding knee ligament injuries and are questioning the validity of the information found. Below are four statements that you discovered. Which one of them is a true or accurate statement?

ACL injuries are usually caused by a lateral blow to the knee causing a varus joint force males are more prone to injure the ACL than females in similar, non-contact conditions forceful hyperextension of the knee is the most common mechanism of injury of the PCL the most common ACL injury is forceful combined rotation (answer)

Which of the following systems supplies a major source of energy during the first 30 seconds of intense exercise?

Aerobic system Anaerobic system Cardiovascular system ATP-PC system (answer)

The goal of this exercise is to increase the flexibility (extensibility) of the pectoralis major muscle. You teach the patient to stand facing a corner with the shoulders abducted to 90°, elbows flexed to 90°, and hands and forearms placed on the walls. You tell the patient to relax into the stretch (by leaning into the corner) for 30 seconds; push his forearms into the walls for a count of six; then relax and lean forward toward the corner again and hold for 30 seconds. The self-stretching technique the patient is using is:

Agonist contraction Contract-relax-contract (hold-relax-agonist contraction) Static progressive stretching Hold-relax (contract-relax) (answer)

The difficulty of exercises can be controlled with the depth of immersion and the body's physiological response to hydrostatic pressure. According to Barbosa and colleagues, which of the following best describes a proper progression of a patient's exercise program in order to increase physiological demands?

Alternating land exercises with aquatic chest depth exercise during each treatment session Aquatic hip depth exercise, progressing to aquatic neck depth exercise, progressing to land exercise Land exercise progressing to aquatic chest depth exercise, progressing to aquatic hip depth exercise Aquatic chest depth exercise, progressing to hip depth exercise, progressing to land exercise (answer)

Muscle guarding is best treated by:

Applying modalities and then massaging the muscle Massaging the muscle Gently muscle setting exercises with the muscle in a shortened position Identifying and treating the cause of the guarding (answer)

Individuals with somatosensory deficits in the lower extremities, such as peripheral polyneuropathies, tend to use which of the following motor strategies in response to balance disturbances?

Ankle strategy Stepping strategy Suspensory strategy Hip strategy (answer)

The most comprehensive clinical balance test that assesses a person's balance across six systems of balance control is the:

Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) Berg Balance Scale (BBS) Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CBMS) Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest or mini-BESTest) (answer)

A stress test should be terminated if:

Blood pressure increases 7 to 10 mm Hg per MET of physical activity. Cheeks become flushed Respiratory rate and depth increase without shortness of breath. There is a significant drop in systolic blood pressure in response to an increasing workload. (Answer)

Which of the following is true regarding use of aquatic therapy equipment?

Buoyancy equipment used for supine positioning is ideal to assist with stabilization needed for eccentric manual resistance exercises. Using equipment to increase the surface area of an extremity underwater decreases resistance. Non-buoyant equipment used underwater provides resistance opposite the direction of movement. Buoyancy equipment placed anteriorly will facilitate posterior movements of the trunk in the vertical position. (Answer)

Four methods of training are known to challenge the aerobic system. Which method of training is characterized by a period of exercise followed by a brief period of relief?

Circuit Continuous Circuit interval Interval (answer)

Which of the following terms is defined as "the sway boundaries in which an individual can maintain equilibrium without changing his/her base of support"?

Center of gravity Limits of pressure Center of mass Limits of stability (answer)

As a therapist, you can be relatively confident that motor learning has taken place when your patient demonstrates which of the following?

Decreased need for manual guidance during the treatment sessions Consecutive repetitions of a task without error during the treatment session Increased speed demonstrated when carrying out the task The ability to perform a slight variation of the task in a new context during the treatment session (answer)

Each of the following is a prescreening question that should be addressed before participation in a health promotion program, except:

Do you ever lose your balance or lose consciousness? Do you experience chest pain when you engage in physical activity? Have you ever been diagnosed with a heat condition? What are your blood pressure and heart rate normally? (Answer)

Your patient had a cast removed last week following a distal tibiofibular fracture. He now has limited motion of the ankle and foot. Which of the following joint-mobilization techniques would you use to increase ankle dorsiflexion?

Dorsal glide of calcaneus on talus Anterior glide of talus on tibia Plantar glide of navicular on talus Posterior glide of talus on tibia (answer)

During active ROM exercises, which of the following structures is most elongated with full active extension and ulnar deviation of the wrist if the fingers remain relaxed?

Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor carpi radialis (answer)

A patient is holding a piece of elastic tubing with both hands in front of the body. Both elbows are flexed to 90°, and both upper arms are held gently against the sides of the patient's chest. Instruct the patient to internally and externally rotate both shoulders simultaneously in this position. This activity strengthens the:

External rotators concentrically and internal rotators eccentrically Internal rotators concentrically and eccentrically External rotators concentrically and eccentrically (answer) Internal rotators concentrically and the external rotators eccentrically

Mr. J underwent a repair of a torn biceps brachii 2 days ago. During PROM exercises, which combination of motions should you avoid at end range to protect (not disrupt) the healing tissue?

Elbow extension, shoulder flexion, forearm supination Elbow extension, shoulder extension, forearm supination Elbow extension, shoulder flexion, forearm pronation Elbow extension, shoulder extension, forearm pronation (answer)

When a hip strategy is used for balance control in response to a posterior displacement of the support surface, which muscle groups are activated and in what sequence?

Hamstrings followed by the paraspinals Quadriceps followed by the abdominals Paraspinals followed by the hamstrings Abdominals followed by the quadriceps (answer)

The typical pattern of muscle activation associated with an ankle strategy to correct forward body sway is:

Hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and paraspinals are activated simultaneously. Paraspinals are activated first, then hamstrings, followed by the gastrocnemius. Gastrocnemius and hamstrings are activated simultaneously, followed by the paraspinals. Gastrocnemius is activated first, then the hamstrings, followed by the paraspinals. (Answer)

According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) endorsed by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), a rotator cuff tear is considered a(n):

Impairment Functional limitation Disability Health condition (answer)

Which of the following descriptions of stretching procedures performed for several repetitions during a single treatment session and repeated over a series of stretching sessions represents the safest and most comfortable process to achieve soft tissue lengthening?

In an end-range position, apply several low-intensity, rapid-velocity stretch forces. In an end-range position, apply several high-intensity, rapid-velocity stretch forces. Apply an end-range, high-load force slowly, maintain the end-range stretch for an extended time period, and release the stretch quickly. Slowly apply a low-load force; maintain the end-range position for an extended time period and release the stretch force slowly. (Answer)

Passive ROM and grade I or II joint-mobilization techniques are appropriate during the acute stage of soft tissue healing. What do these interventions have in common when used during this stage?

Include movements into tissue resistance Used to increase ROM Affect muscle, ligament, and capsular tissue around the site of injury equally Maintain fluid dynamics and nutrition in a joint (answer)

Which of the following is a goal of passive range of motion (PROM) exercises?

Increase joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle length Improve muscle performance Prevent muscle atrophy Enhance movement of synovial fluid for articular cartilage nutrition (answer)

Which of the following is true regarding closed-chain exercise?

It is a better choice than open-chain exercise to isolate and train weak muscle groups Muscles develop strength more quickly than with open-chain exercise It is less effective for developing co-activation of muscle groups and dynamic stability than open-chain training Against similar exercise loads, it causes lower levels of shear in the joint than open-chain exercise (answer)

Aerobic exercise training (cardiorespiratory endurance) is defined as improvement in the energy utilization of the muscle by means of an exercise program. Which of the following is true of this type of training?

It produces significant crossover effects from one physical activity to another. A person with an initial high level of fitness has more potential to improve than one with a low level of fitness. It requires at least 6 months of progressive training for evidence of improvement. It is dependent on sufficient intensity, time, and frequency of exercise (answer)

During the repair process following tissue injury, the newly developing collagen fibrils are:

Laid down in alignment exactly replicating the fibers that were damaged Ready to withstand normal stresses by 3 weeks Slow to be deposited Thin and unorganized (answer)

Which of the following descriptions is true about mindfulness and its implications for health and wellness?

Mindfulness invites one to be in another place or time and experience peace and well-being while focusing on a past time or event. Mindful meditation is a spiritual exercise that should not be associated with human movement interventions. Mindfulness encourages focus on pain, increasing the pain response, anxiety, and blood pressure. Mindful breathing can be easily incorporated into physical therapy exercise instructions to assist the patient to avoid holding the breath during difficult or painful activities. (Answer)

Joint mobilization techniques are thought to be safer than passive angular stretching using physiological ROM to increase mobility of capsular and ligamentous structures because:

Mobilization techniques replicate the less traumatic rolling motion of the bone surfaces. Mobilization techniques are applied only in the resting positions of joints, not end-range positions. A therapist has a better mechanical advantage (leverage) over the tight structures when using mobilization techniques. Mobilization techniques direct forces specific to the involved capsular and ligamentous tissues without causing compressive damage to the articular cartilage. (Answer)

Which of the following is a false statement about joint arthrokinematics?

Movement of the head of the radius against the capitulum during pronation/supination is called spin. In normal ovoid joints, rolling and sliding both occur. If a moving joint surface is convex, sliding of that surface is opposite that of its swinging bone. The more congruent the joint surfaces are, the more rolling of one joint surface on the other occurs. (Answer)

Increasing the amount of resistance to limb movement in water can be achieved by:

Moving the limb quickly, increasing water temperature, agitating the water. Increasing water agitation, moving the limb closer to the surface of the water, moving the limb quickly. Decreasing water temperature, moving the limb further from the surface of the water, slowing limb movement. Moving the limb further from the surface of the water, moving the limb quickly, and using a device to increase the total surface area of the limb. (Answer)

A patient has mild joint swelling and pain during active ROM, but resisted tests of the muscles that cross the swollen joints do not cause pain. Your goal is to maintain or possibly increase strength through the available ROM. The most appropriate choice of exercise is:

Multiple-angle isometric exercise against resistance (answer) Muscle setting exercises at the end of the ROM Eccentric/concentric, closed-chain exercise against body weight throughout the ROM High-velocity isokinetic exercise

Which of the following is an indication for joint mobilization?

Muscle contracture Joint effusion Joint hyper mobility Pain (answer)

Which of the following terms associated with aspects of physical function is used to describe the ability of the neuromuscular system to strategically or dynamically hold proximal or distal body segments in appropriate positions using synergistic muscle action?

Muscle strength Muscle power Coordination Stability (answer)

Overuse syndromes occur

Only if there is impaired circulation to soft tissue As a result of prolonged immobilization As the result of a severe blow to a muscle As the result of repetitive, submaximal stress of a muscle or tendon (answer)

If a patient exhibits signs of joint hypermobility or joint effusion/inflammation, which of the following mobilization techniques is contraindicated?

Oscillation grade II Sustained grade II Sustained grade I Sustained grade III (answer)

Mrs. B is an 87-year-old resident of Western Hills Skilled Nursing Facility. She sustained a compression fracture of the T12 vertebra several weeks ago when she inadvertently sat down forcefully on a hard chair. Incorporating resistance training that focuses on eccentric exercises of her quadriceps and gluteal muscles in weight-bearing positions (e.g., controlled squatting and partial lunges) represents what principle of therapeutic exercise?

Overload principle Overflow principle Reversibility of training Specificity of training (answer)

Ms. L is a 78-year-old who underwent surgery for internal fixation of an intertrochanteric fracture of the (L) hip 3 days ago. For the next few weeks she must remain nonweight-bearing on the operated side and has begun to use a walker for ambulation. She is able to walk for short distances around her hospital bed but is not yet able to rise from a chair to standing. According to the ICF model, the inability to stand from a sitting position is classified as a(n):

Participation restriction Health condition Impairment Activity limitation (answer)

Your patient reports having had a sudden onset of severe pain in the left posterior thigh yesterday while sprinting. Today he is unable to fully extend his left knee while walking because of pain. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate today?

Passive knee flexion/extension with the hip flexed to 90° Submaximal resisted knee flexion in the prone-lying position Active knee flexion but no passive or active extension Passive knee flexion/extension with the hip positioned in 0° extension (answer)

Which of the following best describes ROM exercises?

Passive or active stretching exercise beyond the available range of motion Functional excursion of a muscle Active muscle insufficiency Passive, assisted, or active movement of a body segment through the available range of motion (answer)

Adjusting the load demand of exercise is one of the key tasks required of the physical therapist in order to achieve a positive therapeutic outcome. All of the following are variables specific to adjusting load except:

Patient position Exercise mode Exercise frequency Stage of tissue healing (answer)

Of the following choices, which is the most appropriate application of the hold-relax (contract-relax) method of muscle inhibition and elongation of the gastrocnemius muscle? Extend the patient's knee, stabilize the lower leg, and:

Place the patient's ankle in a fully plantar flexed position. Have the patient concentrically contract the dorsiflexors against your manual resistance through as much ROM as possible. Place the patient's ankle in a comfortably dorsiflexed position; have the patient concentrically contract the plantar flexors against your resistance through the available ROM. Then have the patient dorsiflex the ankle as far as possible. Place the patient's ankle in as much dorsiflexion as possible; have the patient isometrically contract the dorsiflexors against resistance for 6 to 10 seconds. Then have the patient relax as you passively dorsiflex the ankle. Place the patient's ankle in as much dorsiflexion as is comfortable; have the patient isometrically contract the plantar flexors against resistance for 6 to 10 seconds. Then have the patient relax as you passively dorsiflex the ankle. (Answer)

The vestibular system provides which of the following types of sensory information for balance control?

Position of the head relative to the environment Muscle tension and length Joint movement and position Position of the head and body with respect to inertial forces (answer)

Your examination of a patient who sustained a soft tissue injury reveals that she experiences pain only at the end of the available ROM when you apply overpressure. Based on this finding, which of the following would be the most appropriate technique to include in the treatment plan to decrease the patient's pain?

Progressive resistance exercises to work through the pain Grades I and II joint distraction or gliding techniques Immobilize and rest the painful structures End-range joint or muscle stretching techniques to increase the mobility of the tight structures (answer)

The goals of Healthy People 2030 are based on the nation's vision to:

Promote smoking cessation, eliminate tobacco use, and pass legislation in all states banning smoking in public places. Eliminate HIV and develop an immunization for prevention of AIDS. Develop a cure for the common cold and other communicable diseases. Foster a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and well-being and live long and healthy lives. (Answer)

A properly applied and progressed therapeutic exercise program should:

Push the patient beyond his or her current stage of recovery in order to progress the healing process Follow a pre-established protocol in order to be consistent for all patients with the same diagnosis Begin with passive exercise, progressing to active assistive exercise, active exercise, and then resistive exercise by the third week after injury Grade the exercise to the stage of recovery to stress the tissues safely (answer)

After a musculoskeletal injury of the lower extremity, you develop an aquatic exercise program for your patient. An aquatic exercise program is the least effective for:

Reducing risk of re-injury during the early stage of rehabilitation. Enabling early weight bearing. Increasing range of motion. Transfer of training to land-based functional activites. (Answer)

Multiple potential benefits and outcomes are speculated to result from stretching programs. Which of the following is strongly supported by evidence and research?

Reduction in muscle soreness after rigorous exercise by participating in a warm-up and cool-down stretching routine Enhanced physical performance (strength and endurance) in athletics when participating in pre-event (acute) stretching Reduction in the risk of soft tissue injury by participating in a stretching warm-up routine Improved flexibility and increased ROM by restoring extensibility of the muscle-tendon unit with specific stretching techniques (answer)

According to the definition of therapeutic exercise and the goal of designing an individualized program of therapeutic exercise, the physical therapist might develop a therapeutic exercise program in order to:

Remediate activity limitations but not to reduce health-related risk factors. Improve function but not to remediate or reduce disability. Restore function through the elimination of body structure impairments. Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being. (Answer)

Which of the following is a contraindication to implementing resistance exercise?

Risk of pathological fracture due to osteoporosis Joint instability Muscle soreness that occurs after a bout of exercise Acute pain or inflammation (answer)

All of the following risk factors are common to both coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis except:

Sedentary life style Smoking Family history Obesity (answer)

Movement during the acute stage of healing following soft tissue injury:

Should include the full ROM in order to prevent adhesions Should begin on the fourth day and be tissue-specific Is contraindicated Should be passive or assisted and should begin as soon as tolerated within the pain-free range. (Answer)

Which of the following PROM exercises provides the most flexion of the lumbar spine

Single knee to chest Posterior pelvic tilt with the patient lying supine with hips/knees at 45°/90° Posterior pelvic tilt with patient lying supine Double knees to chest (answer)

Which of the following describes the most effective patient position and use of the buoyancy of water for self-stretching the hamstrings?

Sit on the steps of a pool in waist-deep water, hips flexed to 90°, with a buoyancy device secured around the ankle of the leg to be stretched. In a buoyancy-supported supine position (flotation devices around the neck and hips), perform a unilateral straight-leg raise, lifting the leg to be stretched out of the water. With a buoyancy device secured around the distal thigh of the leg to be stretched, stand on the opposite leg and hold on to the side of the pool for balance. Keep the knee relaxed as the buoyancy device lifts the thigh and flexes the hip. With a buoyancy device secured around the ankle of the leg to be stretched, stand on the opposite leg and hold on to the side of the pool for balance. Allow the buoyancy device to lift the leg to the surface of the water with the knee extended. (Answer)

The semicircular canals of the vestibular system would contribute the most to balance control during which of the following activities?

Sitting in a chair reading a newspaper Standing on an elevator that suddenly accelerates downward Standing on a bus that suddenly accelerates forward Standing and quickly turning the head to look at a person (answer)

Which of these motions will increase the Q-angle at the knee, leading to potential patellar malalignment and dysfunction?

internal tibial rotation dynamic knee varus external femoral rotation subtalar pronation (answer)

Each of the following is true about joint mobilization/manipulation techniques except:

They are appropriate to use if a joint is painful or inflamed to decrease or inhibit the perception of pain. Techniques can be applied using gliding or oscillation techniques that involve low or high amplitudes and velocities. Techniques can be applied to restore or maintain joint play. Techniques involve the application of accessory joint movements but not physiological movements. (Answer)

Your patient has poor upper quarter posture, and you are training the scapular depressors in order to improve thoracic and scapular position for postural control. Against low resistance, the scapular depressors are muscle setting for 60 seconds. What muscle fibers primarily are recruited during this activity?

Type IIX TypeIIA TypeIIB Type 1 (answer)

Which of the following is a correct statement about maximum heart rate and exercise heart rate?

The most accurate method of determining maximum heart rate is by using the formula 220 minus age. Karvonen's formula (heart rate reserve) is used to determine maximum heart rate. Individuals with cardiopulmonary disease should have a target exercise heart rate of at least 70% of their maximum heart rate. If a young or middle-aged individual is carefully screened and has been jogging or running for some time, it is appropriate to use the results of a submaximal field test to determine maximum heart rate. (Answer)

In a patient's medical record you see "knee flexion contracture." What does it mean?

The patient cannot actively contract the hamstrings to flex the knee. The quadriceps muscle group is tight and limits full, passive knee flexion. The patient is unable to actively extend the knee through the full range of motion (ROM) despite full passive knee extension. Full, passive knee extension is not possible. (Answer)

Which of these is not a risk factor for the development of deep vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis?

standing for longer than 6 hours history of pulmonary embolism post-operative immobilization use of oral corticosteroids (answer)

Which of these precautions is specifically appropriate for a patient following a posterior cruciate sacrificing (posterior stabilized) total knee arthroplasty procedure?

avoid tibiofemoral joint mobilization techniques avoid low-level resistance activities for 12 weeks avoid side-lying straight leg raises for 8 weeks avoid hamstring strengthening in short sitting (answer)

To achieve permanent lengthening of connective tissue:

The region of necking, or macrofailure, must be reached. The ground substance between the fibers must be reduced. The collagen fibers must line up in a parallel fashion. Bonds between collagen fibers must be remodeled in the lengthened position. (Answer)

As part of a patient's balance training program, you have her walk across a balance beam or on a line drawn on the floor. The motor strategy this patient is most likely retraining is the:

Stepping strategy Ankle strategy Suspensory strategy Hip strategy (answer)

If you determine that chronic irritation and inflammation of scar tissue are the sources of progressive restriction and pain:

Strengthening exercises are the only intervention that can resolve the patient's problems The scar must be stretched vigorously to regain ROM The pain will decrease after stretching exercises are implemented Inflammation must be treated before stretching is initiated (answer)

Helping a patient acquire the ability to shift his weight from side to side in a standing position by means of manual guidance by the therapist is called:

Summary feedback Instantaneous post response feedback Delayed feedback Concurrent feedback (answer)

How are post-surgical rehabilitation phases typically described?

based on the degree of tissue protection needed based on permitted post-operative activity levels based on tissue healing transitions or time frames based on age and pre-operative activity levels (answer)

Which of the following terms refers to the degeneration of a tendon due to repetitive microtrauma?

Tendinopathy Tendinitis Tenosynovitis Tendinosis (answer)

Which of the following is an example of a dynamic balance exercise?

Stand on a single leg for 20 seconds on a foam wedge. In standing, alternate forward lunges with the left and the right leg. In the squat position, throw and catch a ball. In the tandem standing position, hold a bar horizontal with outreached hands. (Answer)

When working with a patient, you toss balls of different weights and sizes for them to catch while in standing. This is an example of:

Steady state balance control training Dual task training Sensory organization training Reactive balance control training (answer)

Which of the following is true about aerobic conditioning in the aquatic environment?

The WATSU technique is specific to cardiovascular conditioning and clinical evidence supports its use as an aerobic alternative. The pool temperature should be at the high end (36-370C). Novice deep water runners typically experience lower levels of perceived exertion and VMO2max than they would running on land. Deep water running and walking in a vertical position provides an effective initial environment that can be used as a precursor to mid-water or land-based training. (Answer)

The Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS) and the Model of Healthy Living Assessment Wheel were developed from models of wellness and various initiatives to improve the health and wellness of society. Which of the following best describes these tools?

They were program assessments that were used to evaluate the success of the Healthy People 2010 program and to improve the subsequent initiatives, Healthy People 2020 and Healthy People 2030. They have no clinical relevance to the role of physical therapy and are intended to be anecdotal for reporting health statistics for the public. They are complex and require special training to administer and interpret. If used as part of the examination and history taking during the initial visit, they could provide a baseline to establish goals and report outcomes when incorporating wellness into physical therapy practice. (Answer)

Which of the following statements about stretching is true?

To effectively stretch the tensor fascia latae, you first flex the hip to 30° and then adduct the hip. To stretch the long head of the triceps brachii, you fully flex the elbow and then extend the shoulder past neutral. To maximally lengthen the wrist extensors, you fully flex the wrist and flex the elbow. To stretch the posterior tibialis, you dorsiflex and evert the foot and ankle. (Answer)

Which of the following is a contraindication to PROM exercises?

When a patient is in a coma Presence of muscle weakness or paralysis Presence of chronically impaired circulation When movement of a body segment is disruptive to the healing process (answer)

Which of the following best defines muscle strength?

Work produced by a muscle per unit of time Ability of muscle to contract repeatedly against a load Produce or control forces imposed during functional activities Force generated during a single maximum effort (answer)

For the post-operative primary total knee arthroplasty patient who received a standard surgical approach, which phase of rehab will include the goals of 0 - 90 degrees of range of motion and ambulation without an assistive device?

minimum protection phase moderate protection phase return to function phase maximum protection phase (answer)

Following an osteochondral autograft transfer procedure for a moderately size lesion, which of these is the most important rehabilitation consideration for a successful outcome?

permanently avoid all high impact sports activities to prevent graft deterioration avoid any unprotected weight bearing for four weeks to allow adequate healing wear a protective brace that is locked in extension while sleeping for six weeks engage in early motion and protected weight bearing for extended periods of time (answer)

Generally speaking, which stage of non-conservative rehabilitation management begins approximately 4 to 6 weeks after surgery?

post-operative minimum protection phase post-operative maximum protection phase pre-operative patient education phase post-operative moderate protection phase

Which of these is not an immediate post-surgical complication?

rupture of soft tissue repair or reconstruction deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism pulmonary dysfunction, including atelectasis nerve entrapment from scar tissue formation (answer)

Which of these is a surgical procedures that is designed to realign or stabilize a tendon in order to enhance function?

tenolysis tenoplasty tenorrhaphy tenodesis (answer)

Which of these is not a benefit of pre-operative patient education?

the ability to accurately assess pre-operative functional status the ability to provide instruction in the home exercise program the ability to discuss patient goals and functional expectation the ability to accurately assess post-surgical functional potential (answer)

When progressing a patient through non-conservative rehabilitation management that includes time frames, which of these is the least significant factor to consider?

the absence of pain or presence of specific range of motion the individual patient's readiness to progress to the next phase the complexity of the surgical procedure that was performed the actual amount of time elapsed since surgery was performed (answer)

When using joint mobilization techniques to increase knee flexion, which of these is the correct position and glide direction?

tibia in medial rotation; anterior glide applied to posterior aspect of lateral tibial plateau tibia in lateral rotation; posterior glide applied to anterior aspect of medial tibial plateau tibia in lateral rotation; anterior glide applied to posterior aspect of lateral tibial plateau tibia in medial rotation; posterior glide applied to anterior aspect of medial tibial plateau (answer)

A PTA is working with a 14-year-old cheerleader with patellar malalignment problems that cause recurring pain. Which of these is the least likely cause of this problem?

tightness in the iliotibial band tightness in the rectus femoris tightness in the vastus medialis Q-angle measuring 15 degrees (answer)