Exam PY 201
Which of the following correlation coefficients represents two variables with the strongest relationship? +0.26 -0.82 -0.45 +0.71 +0.26
+0.26
Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction? -0.21 +0.13 +0.78 -0.53
-0.53
Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction? -0.21 +0.13 +0.78 -0.53
-0.53
Which choice is accurate definition of a hypothesis? A tentative explanation or prediction A means of explaining social phenomena A way of looking at the world
A tentative explanation or prediction
Blank is a reduction in the number of research participants as some drop out of the study over time. Attribution Generalizability Experimenter bias Single blinding
Attribution
Which of the following psychologists is most likely to study the operant conditioning techniques known as reinforcement and punishment? Dr.Green a behavioral psychologist Dr. Buffay, a cognitive psychologist Dr. Bing an industrial-organizational psychologist Dr. Geller a humanistic psychologist
Dr. Green, a behavioral psychologist
Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible. Another person's consciousness the social construction of consciousnesses Her own conscious experience Her own unconscious wishes
Her own conscious experience
Which perspective within psychology emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans? Humanism Structuralism Behaviorism Gestalt psychology
Humanism
Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________. psychoanalysis introspection client-centered therapy behaviorism
introspection
The Institutional Review Board (IRB) was founded in order to blank. keep research ethical ensure researchers have the appropriate education publish the work of researchers create a community of psychologists
keep research ethical
Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________. replication validity standardization inter-rater reliability
replication
A(n) blank is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena. Theory Operational definition Hypothesis Conclusion
Theory
Which individual is credited with establishing the world's first scientific laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig? Wilhelm Wundt Sigmund Freud Willam James B.F Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt
Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy?1. Boris tells his therapist that that he needs stronger medication and his therapist prescribes it.2. Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.3. Xavier receives a hug from the doctor when he arrives on time; he does not get a hug when he arrives late.4. Natasha is late for her therapy session and her therapist believes she did this because she unconsciously dislikes therapy. Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this info
Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.
Which of the following is the correct of steps in scientific method? Asks question, create a hypothesis, collect evidence, draw conclusions.
Asks question, create a hypothesis, collect evidence, draw conclusions
Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in? Clinical psychology Social psychology Counseling psychology Cognitive psychology
Clinical psychology
When studying personality traits, someone who is hardworking, dependable, and organized will score high on the ________ trait. Agreeableness Conscientious Extroversion Openness
Conscientious
Phoebe is reading about a study that examined the relationship between time spent outdoors and blood pressure. The results revealed that as time spent outdoors increased, blood pressure decreased. Correlational study Naturalistic observational study experiment Case study
Correlational study
Darya just started first semester of college and is having difficulty adjusting. What type of psychologist should she see? Counseling psychologist Clinical psychologist Experimental psychologist Psychiatrist
Counseling psychologist
In the drug study, group one receives an inactive pill and group two receives a pill that is believed to be effective in treating depression. Group two is the blank. Experimental group Control group Independent group Placebo effect
Experimental group
Which of the following is not part of obtaining informed consent? Explaining the hypothesis to the participants
Explaining the hypothesis to the participants
Which of the following is not part of obtaining informed consent? Explaining the hypothesis to the participants
Explaining the hypothesis to the participants
In the study of personality, the blank model includes different traits that are believed to underlie each individual's basic tendencies H.O.P.E.S Five factor Either or Fifth Dimension
Five Factor
Blank psychologists focus on how mental activities and behaviors help an organism adapt to its environment Functionalist Structuralist Humanistic Psychoanalysis
Functionalist
Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology. Industrial-organizational Existential-phenomenological Clinical Theoretical
Industrial- organizational
Blank (IRB) reviews research that is involves the use of human participants Institutional Review Board Institutional Research Board Institutional Research Bureau
Institutional Review Board
In class, we discussed the story of Genie, a young girl who was abused, leading to a lack of communication skills. Why do we utilize case studies like this? To determine causation to obtain highly generalizable findings to identify the relationship between two variables It is unethical, or not possible, to conduct an experiment
It is unethical, or not possible, to conduct an experiment.
A group of preschool-age children are enrolled in a study that plans to follow them over time in order to assess behaviors and other characteristics that may predict later development of schizophrenia. This is an example of a(n) ________ design. Longitudinal Cross sectional Experimental Survey
Longitudinal
What kind of research is Saanvi conducting if she tracks a group of participants over several years, assessing them on her variable of interest once every six months Longitudinal Correctional Sequential Cross-sectional
Longitudinal
What kind of research is Saanvi conducting if she tracks a group of participants over several years, assessing them on her variable of interest once every six months? Longitudinal Correlational cross-sectional sequential
Longitudinal
Jane Goodall is an anthropologist who contrived to our understanding of chimpanzee behavior in the wild, using blank Naturalistic observation Correlational research A case study An experiment
Naturalistic observation
The empirical method of study is based on Observation of phenomena, which provides objective evidence Subjectivity Intuition Opinions
Observation of phenomena, which provides objective evidence
According to William James, what was the true purpose of psychology? Examining the structure and characteristics of the mind Studying the function of behavior in the world To interpret dreams for their unconscious messages The manipulation human behavior to the betterment of society
Studying the function of behavior in the world
Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of. Cognition Personally Perception Social psychology
Personally
Most jobs in the field of psychology require a(n) Ph.D Associate's Degree Bachelor degree Master's degree
Ph.D
In developmental psychology, there is an increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why Population of developed nations are living longer People in developed nations revere the elderly The elderly are contracting more cognitive diseases Population of developing nations are dying sooner
Population of developed nations are living longer
For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known? Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior Dream analysis for the latent and manifest content of a dream Classical conditioning of non-human animals Studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior
Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
An emphasis on the unconscious and early childhood experience characterizes which school of psychology? Psychodynamic Behaviorism Structuralism Empiricism
Psychodynamic
In order to maximize the chances that experimental groups represent the population of interest, researchers should conduct blank and blank. Random sampling; random group assignment
Random sampling; random group assignment
Blank describes the attempt to duplicate research findings reported by other scientists Replication Theorizing Hypothesis testing Variability
Replication
blank describes the attempt to duplicate research findings reported by other scientists. Replication Theorizing Hypothesis testing Variability
Replication
Blank are the most commonly used species for animal research. Rodents Primates Cats and dogs Birds
Rodents
Stan is taking General Psychology and has a paper on psychoanalysis due tomorrow which he completely forgot about! Luckily his sister, Tina has a time machine Who should Stan go back in time to interview for his psychology paper? Sigmund Freud Wilhelm Wundt B.F Skinner William James
Sigmund Freud
Blank is/are often conducted with large numbers of participants and can be conducted by phone, email, or mail. Surveys Case studies University experiment Archival research
Surveys
A (n) blank also as an operant chamber, is an instrument that isolates an animal from the external environment and allows a researcher to control that animal's rewards and punishments. isolation chamber Skinner box Watson manipulator Gestalt room
Skinner box
Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________. Social psychology Psychoanalysis Personality Gestalt psychology Social psychology
Social psychology
Select the correctly ordered list of psychological theorists, with the earliest theorist listed first. Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism humanism Structuralism, functionalism, humanism, behaviorism, Humanism, structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, Humanism, behaviorism, structuralism, functionalism,
Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism,
using experimental methods, a researcher investigates whether television while eating causes a person to eat more potato chips than one eats when not watching television. In this case, the number of potato chips eaten represents the blank variable. experimental dependent control independent
dependent
In a drug study, group one receives an inactive pill and group two receives a pill that is believed to be effective in treating depression. Group two is the blank. experimental group control group independent group placebo group
experimental group
Factors that are manipulated in an experiment are known as: Control groups independent variables dependent variables experimental groups
independent variables
A group of researchers investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the blank variable and word retention is the blank variable. independent; dependent experimental; control control; experimental dependent; independent independent; dependent
independent; dependent
Bernadette wants to conduct a survey to determine how satisfied her colleagues are with their work hours. She works at a very large coporation and only a portion of her colleages actually fill out and return the survey to her. EVeryone employed at Bernadette's corporation would be blank and her colleages that fill out and return the survey would be the blank. sample; population control group; experimental group experimental group; control group sample; population population; sample
population; sample
As temperate outside rises, so do crimes rates. What type of correlation is this an example of? positive not enough information is given zero/no correlation negative
positive
Psychology refers to the blank. scientific study of the mind and behavior systematic study of human interaction experimental study of individuals. empirical study of humanity
scientific study of the mind and behavior
Research shows that people who smoke cigarettes are more likely to get lung cancer than those who do not smoke. This research alone demonstrates that blank. There is a relationship between smoking and lung cancer there is a predisposition toward both smoking and lung cancer smoking causes lung cancer smoking contributes to lung cancer
there is a relationship between smoking and lung cancer.
