Example of Practice Questions HA Exam #1?
What is the correct sequence of events at a synapse?
3,1,5,2,4 (3: arrival of nerve impulse at synaptic knob in presynaptic cell, 1: neurotransmitter release/diffusion, 5:binding of neurotransmitter to receptors, 2: generation of action potential in the postsynaptic cell axon, 4: removal of neurotransmitter molecules from receptors)
The dark staining area of a sarcomere is the _______.
A Band
The portion of a sarcomere that contains the thick filaments and the zone of overlap is the
A band
Which of the following is true of a muscle that is relaxing?
AChE is present in the synaptic cleft
Which of the following describes a central canal?
All of the above (contains an artery, runs parallel to osteons, contains a vein, contains a nerve)
Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle?
All of the above (generate heat, produce movement, maintain posture, support soft tissues)
Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?
Connective tissue
Why does a skeletal muscle fiber have more than one nucleus?
During development, groups of embryonic cells fuse together to form a single muscle fiber.
The area of a myofibril where there are no actin filaments is the
H band
Endochondral ossification begins with
Hyaline cartilage
Which of the following selections lists only type of glial cells?
Microglia, oligodendrocytes, & Schwann Cells
The muscles that support the shoulder and limit its movement range are collectively called ________.
Rotator cuff
How do hormones regulate the pattern of bone growth?
They change the rates of osteoblast and osteoclast activity
Organic components of the matrix of bone include
collagen fibers
The periosteum
covers the outside of bones
Ossification of flat bones is called
intramembranous
The number of cells per motor unit in the leg muscles is most likely
many thousands
Which of the following is a fibrocartilaginous structure within the knee?
menisci
The midline region of the mandible is called the
mental protuberance
The epiphyseal cartilage connects to the diaphysis by a narrow zone called the
metaphysis
A very good sprinter is likely to have
more fast twitch fibers than average
myelin is (a)
mostly lipid
All the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron constitute a
motor unit
When a resting muscle contracts only enough the produce tension without movement, this is an example of
muscle tone
slow twitch fibers appear red due to the intracellular storage of
myoglobin
The inferior, posterior head is the ____ region
occipital
Which type of cell can only be found in the central nervous system?
oligodendrocytes
In the care of the biceps brachii, the scapula is the ___; the radius is the ____.
origin; insertion
In osseous tissue, which of the following is able to break down bone?
osteoclasts
Mature bone cells that monitor the matrix are
osteocytes
Muscle fibers can have various arrangements. The most powerful arrangement is called
pennate
The first location of long bone formation begins in an area called (the)
primary ossification center
Troponin is which os the following types of molecules?
regulatory
In the case of most neurons, the arrival of a nerve impulse at the terminal bouton immediately triggers
release of ACh at the presynaptic membrane
The joint that permits the greatest range of motion in the entire body is the
shoulder
receptors may be classified as
somatic and visceral
The two types of osseous tissue are _______ & _______.
spongy and compact bone
Which is a major function of the skeletal system?
support
Neuroglia in the nervous system function to
support the neurons
A joint that holds skull bones together is called (a)
suture
Which of the following is a classification of a cartilaginous joint?
symphisis
The sliding mechanism of myofilaments works when
the myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites of the thin filaments
the structural classification of a neuron is based upon
the number of processes that project from the cell body
The rate of conduction of a nerve impulse depends upon
the presence or absence of a myelin sheath
Surface anatomy is used to study
the relationship of deep anatomy to superficial landmarks on the human body
Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony spines called
trabeculae
perforating canals (canals of Volkmann)
transmit blood vessels to osteons deep inside the bone
Which of the following associations is the shoulder?
triaxial—ball and socket
In the skeletal system, compact bone is located
where bones are most heavily stressed
areas of the nervous system that are dense in myelinated axons are referred to as
white matter
Which of the following associations is most accurate?
diarthroses—synovial
When a neural pathway splits to involve many areas of the nervous system, the type of processing is known as
diverging
muscles, glands, and special cells that respond to neural stimuli are called
effector
The attachment of muscle to a bone is called
either a tendon or aponeurosis
the layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is (the)
endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle fibers
Which of the following neuroglia produce cerebrospinal fluid?
ependymal cells
What characteristic of muscle tissue allows it to respond to a stimulation?
excitability
Which of the following are most closely involved with somatic sensory neurons?
exteroceptors
A joint that permits free movement is called
a synovial joint
Action potentials result from
abrubt changing of the transmembrane potential
Various classifications of joints are based on
all of the answers are correct
During endochondral bone formation
all the answers are correct
The triceps brachii and biceps brachii are good examples of
an agonist-antagonist pair
a bone cell that produces new bone matrix is
an osteoblast
Intercarpal joints are
gliding joints
Due to the lack of use, a muscle will lose size, tone, and power through the process of
atrophy
The flap of skin and cartilage in the temporal region is called the
auricle
Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands are under the control of the
autonomic nervous system
Movement of nutrients, wastes, and organelles between the cell body and zxon terminals is called
axoplasmic transport
The function of T tubules is to
help distribute the electrical signal to contract throughout the muscle fiber
Which of the following is produced within red bone marrow?
blood cells
Troponin assists in controlling the interaction between myosin heads and thin filaments by
both holding and moving the tropomyosin strands
The central nervous system (CNS) includes the
brain and spinal cord
The deposit of calcium salts within a tissue is
calcification
the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores
calcium ions
The anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system are (the)
central and peripheral nervous systems
The muscles surrounding the eyes and mouth are classified as
circular
A neuron pool is
a group of interconnected neurons with specific functions
The motor neuron releases its neurotransmitter on a special region in the sarcolemma called
a motor end plate