EXIT - UA HEM

The Philadelphia chromosome is diagnostic for which leukemia? a. Chronic myelocytic leukemia b. Monocytic leukemia c. Acute lymphocytic leukemia d. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

a. Chronic myelocytic leukemia

A urine tested with Clinitest exhibits a pass through reaction and is diluted by adding 2 drops of urine to 10 drops water. This is a dilution of: a. 1 to 6 b. 1 to 8 c. 1 to 4 d. 1 to 5

a. 1 to 6

In a manual red blood cell count, 475 cells are counted in !/5 of the center square with 1: 200 dilution of the patient's blood sample. What is the red count? a. 4.75 x 1012/L b. 4.55 x 1012/L c. 5.00 x 1012/L d. 5.75 x 1012/L

a. 4.75 x 1012/L

A sperm count is diluted 1:20 and 50 sperm are counted in two large squares of the Neubauer counting chamber. The sperm count in mLs is: a. 50,000 b. 5,000 c. 5,000,000 d. 500,000

a. 50,000

The sediment of a urine specimen with a reagent strip glucose of 250 mg/dL and a pH of 5.5 is ideal for the presence of: a. Candida albicans b. Trichomonas vaginalis c. Cystine crystals d. Thorny apple crystals

a. Candida albicans

Patients with partial albinism who have large, abnormal cytoplasmic granules in their white cells may suffer from a genetic disorder called: a. Chediak-Higashi anomaly b. May-Hegglin anomaly c. Alder-Reilly anomaly d. Pelger-Huett anomaly

a. Chediak-Higashi anomaly

Which of the following RBC inclusions cannot be visualized by the Wright-stained peripheral smear? a. Heinz bodies b. Basophilic stippling c. Pappenheimer bodies d. Howell-Jolly bodies

a. Heinz bodies

The most common stain used to determine reticulocyte counts is: a. New methylene blue b. Brilliant cresyl blue c. Bromocresol blue d. Sudan III

a. New methylene blue

Which of the following procedures monitors heparin therapy? a. PTT b. PT c. Ivy bleeding time d. Thrombin time

a. PTT

Which of the following reagents is used to react with ketones in the urine? a. Sodium nitroprusside b. Acetone c. Acetoacetic acid d. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid

a. Sodium nitroprusside

A peculiar shaped red cell commonly seen in renal disease, iron deficiency anemias, and thalassemia. The red cell has a central concentration of hemoglobin which looks like a bulls-eye. a. Target cell or codocyte b. tart cell c. Ovalocyte or elliptocyte d. macrocyte

a. Target cell or codocyte

The "rule of three" suggests that: a. The hematocrit is approximately 3 times greater than the hemoglobin value b. The hemoglobin value is approximately 3 times greater than the MCV c. The WBC count is approximately 3 times greater than the RBC count d. The RBC count is approximately 3 times greater than the hemoglobin value

a. The hematocrit is approximately 3 times greater than the hemoglobin value

Microscopic analysis of a urine specimen yields a moderate amount of red blood cells in spite of a negative result for blood using the reagent strip. The technologist should determine if this patient has taken: a. Vitamin C b. High blood pressure medication c. A diuretic d. Antibiotics

a. Vitamin C

Antidiretic hormone regulates the reabsorption of: a. Water b. Calcium c. Potassium d. Glucose

a. Water

The urine microscopic constituent that best differentiates between cystitis and pyelonephritis is: a. White blood cell cast b. Bacteria c. Red blood cells d. White blood cells

a. White blood cell cast

The diluting fluid used in the phase contrast method for platelets is: a. ammonium oxalate b. crystal violet c. methylene blue d. acetic acid

a. ammonium oxalate

Which of the following crystals may be found in acidic urine? a. calcium oxalate b. calcium carbonate c. triple phosphate d. amorphous phosphates

a. calcium oxalate

D-dimer formation is the result of plasmin's action on a. cross-linked fibrin b. fibrin degradation products c. fibrin monomer d. fibrinogen

a. cross-linked fibrin

The hormone responsible for increasing the production of red blood cells is: a. erythropoietin b. stimulin c. interleukin d. leukopoietin

a. erythropoietin

The preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in an adult is? a. iliac crest b. tibia c. sternum d. spinous processes of a vertebra

a. iliac crest

An anemia resulting from malabsorption of vitamin B12 deficiency is known as: a. pernicious anemia b. thalassemia c. aplastic anemia d. iron-deficiency anemia

a. pernicious anemia

Urine that develops a port wine color after standing may contain: a. porphyrins b. urobilinogen c. bilirubin d. melanin

a. porphyrins

The primary consituent of hyaline casts is: a. protein b. mucus c. fat d. cells

a. protein

A Miller disc is an ocular device used to facilitate counting a. reticulocytes b. platelets c. nucleated red blood cells d. sickle-cells

a. reticulocytes

A normal platelet count is approximately: a. 100 to 300 b. 150 to 450 x 109 plt/L c. 50 to 100 x 109 plt/L d. 300 to 500 x 109 plt/L

b. 150 to 450 x 109 plt/L

A patient's white blood cells (WBCs) are counted on an automated cell counter 10 times. The mean white count is 8000/mL, and the standard deviation (SD) is 300. What is the coefficient of variation (CV)? a. 0.04% b. 3.8% c. 2.6% d. 26%

b. 3.8%

The normal white blood cell count is: a. 0.5 to 1 x 109 WBC/L b. 4.5 to 11.0 x 109 WBC/L c. 10 to 15 x 109 WBC/L d. 2 to 5 x 109 WBC/L

b. 4.5 to 11.0 x 109 WBC/L

Which of the following statements about α-fetoprotein (AFP) is correct? a. levels above 4ng/mL are considered positive b. AFP levels increase in pregnancies associated with Down's syndrome c. maternal serum may be used to screen for open neural tube defects d. elevated levels in amniotic fluid are specific for spina bifida

b. AFP levels increase in pregnancies associated with Down's syndrome

The most common type of leukemia in children is: a. CLL b. ALL c. CML d. AML

b. ALL

The appearance of normal CSF is: a. Pale yellow and clear b. Colorless and clear c. Opalescent d. Xanthrochromic

b. Colorless and clear

The Prothrombin Time is most sensitive to: a. Factor VIII b. Factor VII c. Factor V d. Factor II

b. Factor VII

What is the main hemoglobin in a fetus, 60-90% at birth? a. Hemoglobin E b. Hemoglobin F c. Hemoglobin A d. Hemoglobin C

b. Hemoglobin F

Which of the following hemoglobins has the chemical confirmation β4? a. Hemoglobin Portland b. Hemoglobin H c. Hemoglobin Barts d. Hemoglobin Gower

b. Hemoglobin H

The mobilities obtained on zone electrophoresis at pH8.6 show the following: a. Hgb C moves faster than Hgb A b. Hgb S moves faster than Hgb C but more slowly than Hgb A c. Hgb A moves more slowly than Hgb C or Hgb S d. Hgb S moves faster than Hgb A

b. Hgb S moves faster than Hgb C but more slowly than Hgb A

Which of the following statements about the Philadelphia chromosome is true? a. It is an extra chromosome b. It is a reciprocal translocation of material between chromosome 22 and 9 c. It is a deletion of genetic material from chromosome 21 d. It is seen in patients with multiple myeloma

b. It is a reciprocal translocation of material between chromosome 22 and 9

Which of the following results indicates a relative lymphocytosis? a. Lymphs = 38 x 109 /l b. Lymphs = 92% c. Segs 33% d. Lymphs 26%

b. Lymphs = 92%

The reticulum network found in the reticulocyte is: a. precipitated hemoglobin b. RNA c. DNA d. iron

b. RNA

Hemoglobinopathies such as Hemoglobin S and Hemoglobin C have abnormalities occurring in the: a. heme b. beta chain of globin c. alpha chain of globin d. pyrrole ring structure

b. beta chain of globin

Which of the following would be affected by allowing a urine specimen to remain at room temperature for 5 hours before analysis? a. Specific gravity b. pH c. Occult blood d. Protein

b. pH

Increased polychromatophilia or polychromasia is suggestive of: a. hypochromia b. reticulocytosis c. thrombocytopenia d. leukocytosis

b. reticulocytosis

Peroxidase granules are present in a. lymphocytes b. segmented neutrophils c. erythroblasts d. megakaryocytes

b. segmented neutrophils

What staining method is used most frequently to stain and count reticulocytes? a. Romanowsky staining b. supravital staining c. chemical staining d. immunofluorescence

b. supravital staining

Normal urine primarily consists of: a. water, protein, urea b. water, urea, and sodium chloride c. water, urea, and bilirubin d. water, protein, and sodium

b. water, urea, and sodium chloride

A normal reticulocyte count is approximately (adult values): a. 2 to 6% b. 1 to 3% c. 0.5 to 1.5% d. 0 to 0.2%

c. 0.5 to 1.5%

According to WHO classification of MDS, what percentage of blasts would constitute transformation to an acute leukemia? a. 5 b. 15 c. 30 d. 10

c. 30

The normal range of MCV is: a. 28-32fl b. 0.5-1.5% c. 80-100fl d. 100-180

c. 80-100fl

A specimen with a negative nitrate reaction and a positive leukocyte esterase reaction that has white blood cells, white blood cell casts, and NO bacteria in the sediment will be seen in cases of: a. Pyelonephritis b. Acute glomerulonephritis c. Acute interstitial nephritis d. Cystitis

c. Acute interstitial nephritis

Plasma cells originate from: a. T lymphocytes b. Monocytes c. B lymphocytes d. Macrophages

c. B lymphocytes

The Coulter principle for cell counting is based upon the fact that: a. Isotonic solutions cannot conduct electricity b. Cells conduct electricity better than saline c. Cells conduct electricity poorer than saline d. Conductivity varies proportionally to the number of cells.

c. Cells conduct electricity poorer than saline

Heinz bodies are: a. Leftover RNA b. Precipitated iron c. Denatured globin d. Nuclear remnants

c. Denatured globin

Inclusion bodies sometimes found in May-Hegglin anomaly and in the neutrophils of patients with burns and infections are: a. Howell-Jolly bodies b. Charcot Leyden crystals c. Dohle bodies d. Pappenheimer bodies

c. Dohle bodies

Which of the following inclusions are shown by red cells in Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase? a. Dohle bodies b. Howell-Jolly bodies c. Heinz bodies d. Reticulocytes

c. Heinz bodies

Which of the following neutralizes thrombin: a. sodium fluoride b. EDTA c. Heparin d. calcium oxalate

c. Heparin

A rare hereditary abnormality that gives two-lobed or a dumbbell nuclear shape is called: a. Chediak-Higashi anomaly b. May-Hegglin anomaly c. Pelger-Huet anomaly d. Toxic granulation

c. Pelger-Huet anomaly

The following urine results were obtained on a 25-year-old female: Urinalysis Results Analyte Result pH 7.0 Color Yellow Appearance Cloudy Protein 1+ Glucose Negative Blood Small Specific Gravity 1.015 Microscopic Finding ------------------ Bacteria Many WBC Cast 5-8/lpf WBC 50-60/hpf These results are most compatible with: a. Renal calculus b. Cystitis c. Pyelonephritis d. Glomerulonephritis

c. Pyelonephritis

An oral anticoagulant sometimes given to patients to prevent clotting is: a. sodium citrate b. sodium oxalate c. coumarin d. heparin

c. coumarin

The majority of iron is stored in what form? a. histiosiderin b. hemosiderin c. ferritin d. transferrin

c. ferritin

A normocytic normochromia anemia is characteristic of which of the following? a. iron-deficiency anemia b. chronic anemia c. hemolytic anemia d. thalassemia

c. hemolytic anemia

The peripheral blood in polycythemia vera typically manifests: a. erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis b. erythrocytosis only c. increase in all formed elements d. decrease in all formed elements

c. increase in all formed elements

Shift-to-the left refers to: a. increased segments in a neutrophil b. increased reticulocytes c. increased bands and other immature leukocytes d. decreased bands and immature WBCs

c. increased bands and other immature leukocytes

Iron deficiency usually presents as: a. normocytic normochromia b. normocytic hypochromia c. microcytic hyperchromia d. microcytic hypochromia

c. microcytic hypochromia

The largest normal leukocyte found in the peripheral blood is the a. lymphocyte b. eosinophil c. monocyte d. basophil

c. monocyte

The anemia seen in sickle cell disease is usually: a. microcytic hypochromic b. microcytic normochromic c. normocytic normochromic

c. normocytic normochromic

In addition to sperm count in a fertility study, analysis of seminal fluid should also include: a. time of liquefaction, qualitative test for hemoglobin and motility b. time for liquefaction, test for acid phosphatase, qualitative test for hemoglobin c. time of liquefaction, estimation of motility, morphology d. motility, morphology, test for alkaline phosphate

c. time of liquefaction, estimation of motility, morphology

In the Schilling Test, the excretion of radioactive B-12 is measured in: a. feces b. blood c. urine d. gastric fluid

c. urine

What is the amino acid substitution in sickle cell anemia patients? a. Lysine for valine b. Cytosine for guanine c. valine for glutamic acid d. Adenine for thymine

c. valine for glutamic acid

The hereditary conditions like mucopolysaccharidoses, lymphocytes may contain giant granules, which are similar to toxic granulation, called: a. Dohle bodies b. Heinz bodies c. Howell-Jolly bodies d. Alder-Reilly bodies

d. Alder-Reilly bodies

Mean cell volume (MCV) is calculated using the formula: a. (HCT x 100)/Hgb b. (Hgb x 100) /RBC c. (Hgb x 10)/ RBC count d. (HCT x 10)/ RBC count

d. (HCT x 10)/ RBC count

In a manual WBC, an average of 200 WBCs are counted in the 4 corner squares, using a 1:20 WBC dilution. What is the WBC? a. 4,000 b. 40,000 c. 5,000 d. 10,000

d. 10,000

Which of the following differential results is normal? Neutrophils% ; Lymphocytes% ; Monocytes% ; Eosinophils% ; Basophils% a. 30%; 60%; 10%; 0; 0 b. 25%; 35%; 20%; 10%; 10% c. 98%; 2%; 0; 0; 0 d. 70%; 26%; 2%; 2%; 0

d. 70%; 26%; 2%; 2%; 0

Give the MCV for the following data: RBC 5 x 1012 /L; Hct 45%; hemoglobin 15g/dl: a. 33 pg b. 110 fl c. 30 fl d. 90 fl

d. 90 fl

A synovial fluid sample is examined using a polarizing microscope with a red compensating filter. Crystals are seen that are yellow when the long axis of the crystal is parallel to the slow vibrating light. When the long axis of the crystal is perpendicular to the slow vibrating light, the crystals appear blue. What type of crystal is present? a. Calcium pyrophosphate b. Cholesterol c. Calcium oxalate d. Uric acid

d. Uric acid

Acanthocytes may indicate which disease? a. thalassemia b. renal disease c. aplastic anemia d. abetalipoproteinemia

d. abetalipoproteinemia

The hemolytic anemia associate with the thalassemias is due to: a. ineffective erythropoiesis owning to immune factors b. abnormal hemoglobin c. microcytic hypochromia cells d. decrease in globin chain production

d. decrease in globin chain production

In megaloblastic anemia, the characteristic WBC change is: a. toxic granulation b. a shift-to-the-left c. vacuolated lymphocytes d. hypersegmented neutrophils

d. hypersegmented neutrophils

Reactive lymphocytes are indicative of: a. pernicious anemia b. acute lymphocytic leukemia c. acute myelocytic leukemia d. infectious mononucleosis

d. infectious mononucleosis

Which of the following cells demonstrate alkaline phosphate by red brown precipitate in the cytoplasm? a. lymphocytes b. erythrocytes c. monocytes d. neutrophils

d. neutrophils

Variation in shape of erythrocytes is: a. polychromia b. hypochromia c. anisocytosis d. poikilocytosis

d. poikilocytosis

The characteristic cellular morphologic feature in multiple myeloma is: a. macrocytosis b. basophilic stippling c. spherocytosis d. rouleaux formation

d. rouleaux formation

An erythrocyte containing iron granules is stained with Prussian blue is called a. elliptocyte b. spherocyte c. schistocyte d. siderocyte

d. siderocyte

The RBC with a slit-like central pallor is called: a. spherocyte b. elliptocyte c. discocyte d. stomatocyte

d. stomatocyte

Red cells associated with liver disease and with the blood Rh(null) demonstrate: a. acanthocytosis b. anisocytosis c. elliptocytosis d. stomatocytosis

d. stomatocytosis