Expansionism, Interventionism, and Imperialism

Goals of Imperialism

Military Competition, Economic Competition and Social/Cultural Superiority.

Cede

This means to give a piece of land away, usually through a treaty

A colony

An area a country runs as its own, usually just for its natural resources

Monroe Doctrine

Any further acts of European settlements in North and South America will lead to aggression, "We won't mess with you; don't mess with us."

Matthew Perry

He led the American Great White Fleet to Japan

Jose Marti

He led the Cuban Revolution until he was exiled from country to New York City

William Seward

He orchestrated the deal that allowed the US to buy Alaska from Russia

Slobodan Milosevic

He was the former leader of Yugoslavia, committed ethnic genocide on Muslims and Croats on nation

Expansionism

Refers to doctrine of a state expanding its territorial base and economic growth.

Liliuokalani

She was the last queen of Hawaii

How the Doctrine was Used

1836- British alllienace with Texas 1842- Keep Great Britian out of Hawaii 1852- Force Spanish from Cuba 1898- Spanish American War 1862- Napoleon's conquering of Mexico Cold War

Somalia

1992-1993- US troops are sent in for a UN humanitarian mission to bring food and medicine to needy people US forces ended up in many battles with Somalis who did not want them there. US at times was criticised with how their soldiers operated there Black Hawk down Eventually we pulled troops out without much success there, but we still have military actions there do to our belief that Somalia is harbors terrorists.

Manifest Destiny

19th century American belief that the US was destined to expand across the continent.

A Product of Ethnocentrism

A Product of Ethnocentrism The tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important, and that all other groups are measured in relation to one's own, United States differs qualitatively because of its unique origins, national, credo, historical evolution, and distinctive political and religious institutions, United States is hope for all humanity.

United States

Acquire Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam form Spanish-American war Philippines- U.S. takes control in 1902 and improves the country but forces it to produce cash crops. Hawaii- 1820s Americans establish sugar plantations.

Direct Imperialism

Complete colonial control

China

Empress Cixi- Ruled China from 1861 to 1908 and improved education, military, and diplomatic services; created open Door Policy- China would be open to all merchants. Protected American trade.

Yugoslavia

Ethnic cleansing occurred on the former Yugoslavia in 1955. Under the leader Slobodan Milosevic, Bosnian Serbs killed Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats by the thousands.

Spanish American War

Four month war where the United States backed Cuba and defeated the Spanish. Began after the USS Maine was sunk. (But by whom?) Yellow Journalism- Journalism that cared more about selling papers than the facts. Cuba gained its independence but was controlled by the United States. United States also gained control of Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

Nationalism

Guangxu- Cixi's nephew who ruled for a short time in 1898 and began to modernize China which the people didn't want. Boxer Rebellion- 1900- Boxers go to Beijing to get rid of foreign influence.

Libya

In 1986, United States sends in military planes that fire missiles throughout the country at military destinations. However, residential communities and at Muammar Gaddafi's residency where it kills his adopted baby daughter. United States says the attacks were allowed because of the attacks on several planes throughout the world where Americans were hurt and killed. Many Libyans now vow to get back to America. 2 years later, a jumbo jet is blown up over Lockerbie, Scotland. US again launches military strikes against Libya and Gaddafi in 2011 Aiding rebels in the country who were trying to overthrow Gaddafi's government US stated that Gaddafi's military was using heavy weapons on crowd's of unarmed rebels and we were stepping in to stop this human rights violation.

Japan

In this country, we sent the Great White Fleet over their to force them to open up their ports to us

Types of Imperialism

Indirect Control, Direct Control, Colony, Protectorate and Economic Imperialism.

Indirect imperialism

Informal economic control and or cultural influence.

Japan

Mathew Perry- Brought American naval fleet into Japanese harbor to request trade. Treaty of Kanagawa- Opened two Japanese ports for the United States and gave embassy to them.

US and Latin America

Monroe Doctrine- Stated no European country could interfere with the Western Hemisphere. Cuba- Began fighting for independence from Spain in 1868. Jose Marti- Poet who was exiled but returned to fight for independence.

Philippines, Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico

Name 4 areas the United States controlled after the Spanish American war

White Man's Burden

Poem by Rudyard Kipling on how it is the "white man's burden" to make the rest of the world a better to live, It was a rationalization for why imperialism was not good for the United States but it will improve the lives of the people that are colonized.

Mexico

Santa Anna- Mexico's President who led the Mexican rebellion against the Spanish in 1829. Texas- Differences over religion and slavers caused problems and the United States annexes Texas and Mexico declares war.

Alaska

Seward's Folly- 1867 Section of State William Seward struck a deal with a Russian minister to the United States. Russia would cede to the United States for 7.2 million dollars, Most Americans thought this was a waste and became official territory in 1912

Philippines

The Spanish American war began on these islands with US in control of these islands for the next 50 years

Imperialism

The policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.

Interventionism

The policy of intervening, especially: The policy of intervening in the affairs of another sovereign state. The use of government power to control or influence domestic economic activity.

Cuba

This country is what the Spanish American war centered around, got its independence but US had control over it

Hawaii

This former independent nation was taken over by the United States after we ended its monarchy

Protected

This is a country that is mostly independent but still controlled by the United States

USS Maine

This ship was sunk which began the Spanish American War

Ethnocentrism

This term means the belief that your culture is the best one out there, the one that every other one should be based on

Annexation

This term means to take in a county, country, an area into your own country

Panama Canal

Waterway that connects the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans through Central America. French tried to make it but failed. United States open Canal in 1914. More die making canal than in the Spanish-American War.