EXPH 4145 EXAM 2

absolute VO2

L/min

small female marathoner (best time 2 hrs 26 min 58 sec)

VO2max 69.1 ml/kg.min

absolute maximum anaerobic power

Watts

relative anaerobic capacity

Watts/kg

which of the following is/are enzymes that would tend to increase glycogenesis?

glycogen synthase

Which of the following hormones would increase glycogenolysis in adipose tissue? select all that apply

this process does not occur in this tissue

fatigue index

%

which of the following is/are hormones that would tend to increase glycogenolysis?

epinephrine glucagon

Which of the following hormones would tend to increase blood glucose? select all that apply

norepinephrine epinephrine glucagon growth hormone cortisol

Which of the following is/are NOT true about the effects of training on fuel substrate choice?

untrained subjects would tend to have more fat stores, and this is the main reason that untrained subjects rely more on fats than trained subjects

Which of the following fiber types would tend to have the greatest mitochondrial volume?

I

Which of the following fiber types would tend to have the lowest PFK (phosphofructokinase) activity?

I

Which of the following fiber types would tend to have the lowest amount of SERCAs?

I

Myosin heavy chain IIA would be the predominant type of myosin in which fiber type?

IIA

Which of the following fiber types would tend to be the largest diameter fibers in men?

IIA

Myosin heavy chain IIA and Myosin heavy chain IIX would both be found in which fiber type?

IIAX

Which of the following fiber types would tend to have the lowest capillary density?

IIX

Which of the following statements is/are NOT true?

Radiation, Conduction, Convection, and evaporation are mechanisms of heat transfer. At rest humans lose most of their heat by conduction

You are the instructor of an exercise physiology lab course. All students enrolled in your course have just performed a Wingate test. One of the subjects you tested was a 5'4", 145 pound male 400m runner on the track team (his 400m PR is 48.6 seconds). For this athlete, which Wingate variable would you expect to be highest compared to the rest of the class?

Relative Anaerobic Capacity

large female 200m sprinter (best time 22.59s)

VO2max 31.6 ml/kg.min

small female 100m sprinter (best time 11.32s)

VO2max 33.6 ml/kg.min

average sized female 1500m (middle distance) runner (best 1500m time 4min 14.6 sec)

VO2max 67.2 ml/kg.min

___________________________________ is a strategy the nervous system employs to reduce the liklihood of fatigue by alternating which motor units are being used.

asyncrhonous motor unit recruitment

which of the following is/are hormones that would tend to increase muscle glycogen breakdown?

epinephrine glucagon

Which of the following is an enzyme that promotes glycogenesis?

glycogen synthase

which of the following would tend to increase glycogen stores?

glycogen synthase insulin

Phosphorylase catalyzes which of the following processes?

glycogenolysis

During the first phase of the hold relax with agonist contraction PNF procedure, which of the following types of receptors is theoretically being used to help us improve range of motion?

golgi tendon organs

Which of the following hormones would tend to inhibit glucose uptake by adipose tissue and muscle (at rest)?

growth hormone cortisol

Which of the following enzymes would tend to increase circulating fatty acids?

hormone sensitive lipase

Which of the following enzymes would tend to increase triglyceride breakdown in adipose tissue?

hormone sensitive lipase

Which of the following would be associated with high PFK activity in the body?

increased recruitment of IIX muscle fibers a decrease in citrate a decrease in ATP an increase in ADP

Which of the following hormones would be unlikely to increase blood glucose? select all that apply

insulin

Which of the following hormones would increase glycogen storage in the muscle? select all that apply

insulin

Which of the following hormones would tend to inhibit hepatic and muscle glycogenolysis? select all that apply

insulin

which of the following is/are hormones that would tend to increase muscle glycogen storage?

insulin

which of the following is/are hormones that would tend to increase triglyceride stores in adipose tissue?

insulin

Which of the following is NOT a potential mechanism that contributes to peripheral fatigue of skeletal muscle?

lactate can directly interfere with actin - myosin interactions and thus reduce force production

Considering pennate muscles and parallel muscles, which of the following is/are NOT true?

longer fibers are associated with better potential for producing force

accumulated O2 deficit

ml/kg

When we perform a counter-movement to try to jump higher, one possible mechanism for this improvment in jump height might be tied to activating which of the following proprioreceptors?

muscle spindles

Which of the following hormones would tend to increase liver glycogenolysis?

norepinephrine epinephrine glucagon

Which of the following is an enzyme that promotes glylcogenolysis?

phosphorylase

You are working with a 26 year old physically active young woman. She exercises 20-30 minutes (mostly aerobic activities) 3-4 days during each week and does hour long exercise classes once or twice each weekend (spinning, Yoga, Pilates, aqua aerobics, and others). She weighs 160 pounds, is 5 feet 4 inches tall, has an estimated VO2max of 35 ml/kg.min, a waist to hip ratio of .83, is 24 percent body fat as determined by electrical impedance and is 21 percent body fat based on skinfold measurements. Select the statements below that best reflect her weight status (healthy weight, overweight, obese, or underweight), her health related fitness status (unfit, average fitness, above average fitness) and health risk.

she has slightly above average health risk based on her BMI and WHR and %body fat she is of about average fitness based on her VO2max and percent body fat based on all available information I would clasify this subject as slightly overweight she is overweight based on her BMI

___________________________________ is related to the orderly recruitment of motor units from most aerobic to least aerobic

size principle

When we perform a counter-movement to try to jump higher, one possible mechanism for this improvement in jump height might be tied to activating which of the following reflexes?

stretch reflex

If motor units are stimulated frequently enough we will observe no relaxation between twitches, this is called ____________________________

tetanus

In one of our lab VII experiments we looked at the effects of intensity on fuel substrate use. Which of the following statements regarding exercise intensity and fuel substrate use is/are NOT true?

the absolute number of fat calories burned at low intensities is usually higher than the amount burned during moderate intensity exercise high intensity exercise is associated with greater recruitment of fast twitch fibers, which tends to decreases carbohydrate use high intensity exercise decreases insulin secretion, which tends to decrease muscle glycogen breakdown an increase in ADP concentrations when we go from low to moderate intensity exercise would decrease PFK activity and increase carbohydrate use high intensity exercise decreases insulin secretion, which tends to decrease phosphorylase activity, which tends to increase carbohydrate use

What is the goal of hold relax and hold relax with agonist contraction PNF procedures if you were trying to improve hamstring flexibility? select the single best answer

to inhibit hamstring muscle contraction so that the muscle cna be stretched further