Exploring the Universe Test #2
Write a paragraph describing one of the following giant planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus or Neptune.
...
Write a paragraph describing one of the following terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus or Mars.
...
On June 21 how many hours is the Sun above the horizon at the Antarctic Circle?
0hrs
About how long does each moon phase last?
A week.
At the instant the Moon is most aligned with the Sun (and lost in the Sun's glare) the phase is called...
New Moon.
Can the sun ever appear directly overhead at locations north of the Tropic of Cancer ?
No (never overhead N of the tropic of cancer)
Third Quarter
Occurs during the waning phase (after waning gibbous and before waning crescent)
List the full range of electromagnetic radiation from longest wavelength to shortest (there's 7)
Radio Micro Infra Red UV Visible X-Rays Gamma
List the following structures from smallest to largest:
Solar System, Milky Way, Local Group, Local Super cluster, Universe
A favorite object for amateur astronomers is the double star Albireo, with one of its components a golden yellow and the other a bright blue. What do these colors tell you about the relative temperatures of the two stars?
The blue star is hotter
When a boat moves through the water, the waves in front of the boat bunch up, while the waves behind the boat spread out. This is an example of a. the Bohr model. b. the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. c. emission and absorption. d. the Doppler effect
d
Blueshift
A shift to shorter wavelengths (source is approaching)
Tycho Brahe
High Quality Quantitative Observations
According to Newtons Universal Law of Gravity if you triple the distance of an object from a planet the gravitational force on it becomes
1/9 times the original force
On what day(s) of the year is the Sun overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn?
12/21
At sunset the moon appears on the meridian. The phase of the moon is
1st quarter
On June 21 how many hours is the Sun above the horizon at the Arctic Circle?
24hrs
On what day(s) of the year is the Sun overhead at the Equator?
9/22 & 3/20
A waning crescent Moon sets A. before sunset. B. after sunset. C. sets at the same time as the Sun. D. never sets.
A
A waning gibbous Moon sets A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. in the evening D. does not set.
A
Suppose that as seen from Earth the Moon appears as a waxing crescent. As seen by an astronaut standing on the Moon (at the same instant) what is the phase of the Earth? A. waning crescent B. waning gibbous C. waxing crescent D. waxing gibbous
A
The Moon is a waxing gibbous phase. As a result it is A. is visible in the sky at sunset. B. rises after Midnight. C. is not visible at any time of the evening D. is visible all night long.
A
Redshift
A shift in the lines of an object's spectrum toward the red end. Redshift indicates that an object is moving away from the observer. The larger the redshift, the faster the object is moving.
At dawn the Moon is seen near the meridian. The Moon is near A. First Quarter B. Third Quarter C. New Moon D. Full Moon
B
The phase of the Moon is a waning crescent. The Moon A. is visible in the sky at sunset. B. rises after Midnight. C. is not visible at any time of the evening D. is visible all night long.
B
An astronaut standing on the Moon looks up in the Sky and sees a Full Earth. What is the phase of the Moon as seen by someone on Earth? A. First Quarter B. Third Quarter C. New Moon D. Full Moon
C
Suppose that on the evening of a Full Moon sunset occurs at 6 PM. As a result Full Moon crosses the meridian at about A. 8 PM B. 10 PM C. 12 Midnight D. 2 AM (of the same evening)
C
The phase of the Moon is First Quarter. At Sunset the Moon A. appears near the western horizon. B. appears near the eastern horizion. C. appears near the meridian. D. is not visible in the sky.
C
Polish Heliocentric astronomer
Copernicus
At dawn the Moon is seen setting in the West. The Moon is near A. First Quarter B. Third Quarter C. New Moon D. Full Moon
D
Galileo Galilei
Definitive qualitative observations
T/F Longer wavelength photons have higher energy than shorter wavelength photons
False
T/F: Cooler objects radiate more of their total light at shorter wavelengths than do hotter objects.
False
At the moment when half the Earth facing side of the Moon is illuminated the Moon is said to be at...
First Quarter.
Ptolemy
Geocentrism
Copernicus
Heliocentrism
Kepler
High Quality Mathematical Observations
List Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion
The Law of Ellipses The Law of Equal Areas The Law of Harmonies
T/F As observed from Georgetown TX, the sun never appears directly overhead
True
True or False While the Moon is in a waxing phase it is East of the Sun.
True
Isaac Newton
Universal Law of Gravitation
Astronauts on the ISS appear weightless. Why?
astronauts and the ISS are falling together
As a blackbody becomes hotter, it also becomes __________ and __________. a. more luminous; redder b. more luminous; bluer c. less luminous; redder d. less luminous; bluer
b
Per unit area, a blackbody with a higher temperatue appears ____ and ____ than a blackbody with a lower temperature
brighter and bluer
Light acts like a. a wave. b. a particle. c. both a wave and a particle. d. neither a wave nor a particle.
c
When an electron moves from a higher energy level in an atom to a lower energy level, a. the atom is ionized. b. a continuous spectrum is emitted. c. a photon is emitted. d. a photon is absorbed
c
Light is a ____ wave
electromagnetic wave
After First Quarter the illuminated portion of the Earth facing side of the Moon waxes for roughly an additional week, its appearance is now...
gibbous (oval).
As seen from the Earth only ___ of the Moon is ever visible
half Note: The statement "only half of the Moon is ever visible" is by and large true. However as the Earth turns, an observer on Earth sees the Moon from slightly different perspectives.
When external torques act on a gryo its spin axis precess
i.e. the spin axis sweeps out a cone over time
As the Moon orbits Earth it is seen by observers on Earth to go through different...
phases. Each phase corresponds to how much of the Earth facing side of the Moon is illuminated.
On June 21, in the northern hemisphere, the sun
rises in the north east and sets in the northwest
The shortest and longest days of the year are called the summer and winter
solctice
The amount of light a telescope can gather is proportional to the _____ of the objective
surface area
In newtons picture of an orbit
the moon "falls" around the earth
