Facial Bones & Sinuses - CH 11

Which two cranial bones articulate with the maxilla?

Frontal and ethmoid

Which of the maxilla processes is considered most superior?

Frontal process

Each maxillae consists of how many processes? What are they?

Frontal process, zygomatic process, alveolar process, and palatine process

Which facial bone(s) form the posterior aspect of the hard palate?

Horizontal portion of the palatine bones

What is the name of the passageway between the maxillary sinuses and the middle nasal meatus?

Infundibulum

A radiograph of an axiolateral oblique projection for the body of the mandible demonstrates foreshortening between the gonion and mentum. Which factor is most likely to have produced this result?

Insufficient rotation of mandible toward IR

How many bones does the zygomatic bone articulate with? How many are facial bones and what are they?

It articulates with a total of 4 bones and only 1 is facial: the maxilla.

A bilateral horizontal fracture of the maxillae is called what?

Le Fort fracture

Which facial bones do not come in pairs?

Mandible and vomer

Which structure of the sphenoid bone help form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities?

Medial and lateral pterygoid processes

The point of junction of the two nasal bones with the frontal bone is the ___________.

Nasion

The maxillae contribute to the formation of what facial cavities?

Orbital, oral, and nasal

The drainage pathway for the paranasal sinuses is called?

Ostiomeatal complex

What bones are not visible on the exterior of a normal skull?

Palatine and vomer

Which of the maxilla processes is not immediately visible from an external view of a skull?

Palatine process

A lack of symmetry of the petrous ridges indicates which of the following problems with a radiograph of an AP axial projection?

Rotation

Which sinus is projected through the open mouth with a PA axial transoral projection?

Sphenoid sinus

What structures of the inner nasal cavity are composed by the ethmoid bone?

Superior and middle nasal conchae; the inferior nasal conchae are separate facial bones

The point of union between both halves of the mandible is termed the ______________.

Symphysis menti

Which structure of the mandible marks the separation of the two regions? What are the two regions of the mandible called?

The angle (gonion) of the mandible divides each half of the mandible into the body (anterior) and the ramus (superior).

A blow to the nose sometimes results in injury to what special structure of the maxillae?

The anterior nasal spine

What two bones form the bony nasal septum?

The ethmoid and the vomer

A deviated nasal septum usually occurs at what site?

The junction between the septal cartilage and the vomer

The thinnest and most fragile bones in the entire body are the ______________ and _____________.

The lacrimal and nasal bones

The largest immovable bones of the face are _________.

The maxillae

Which small facial bone is "L" shaped?

The palatine bones

The most superior portion of the palatine bone can be found where?

The posterior aspect of the orbit

Anteriorly the nasal septum is not comprised of bone. What is made of and called?

The septal cartilage

Three functions of the paranasal sinuses are what?

Voice resonation Shock absorber Weight reducer for the cranium

Which facial bones are sometimes called the cheek bones?

Zygomatic (or malar) bones

The posterior portion of the zygomatic arch is formed by the _______________.

Zygomatic process of the temporal bone

The two bones that fuse to become the mandible join together at approximately what age?

1 year old

What CR angle is required for the Schuller method projection of the TMJs?

25° to 30° caudad

The frontal sinuses rarely become aerated before the age of?

6 years old

What is the average kVp range for analog skull radiography? What is the average kVp range for digital imaging?

65-85 kVp analog and 75-90 kVp digital

The point at the superior aspect of the anterior nasal spine is the ___________.

Acanthion

What is the older term for the maxillary sinuses?

Antrum of highmore

A well-positioned parietoacanthial projection for facial bones demonstrates the petrous ridges ____________.

Below the maxillary sinuses

Which aspect of the mandible is best demonstrated with an AP axial projection?

Condyloid process

Which of the following bones does not articulate with the zygomatic bone? A. Temporal B. Maxilla C. Frontal D. Sphenoid

D. Sphenoid

A radiograph of a PA Caldwell projection reveals that the petrous ridges are projected into the lower one third of the maxillary sinuses. Which of the following modifications should be made during the repeat exposure to produce a more diagnostic image?

Decrease the extension of the head and neck

How many total bones do the maxillae articulate with?

Each individual maxilla articulates with 2 cranial bones and 7 facial bones.

How many total bones do the zygoma articulate with?

Each individual zygoma articulates with 3 cranial bones (frontal, sphenoid, and temporal) and 1 facial bone (maxilla).

A radiograph of a parietoacanthial projection for the paranasal sinuses demonstrates the petrous ridges midway in the maxillary sinuses. The positioning error could be corrected by _______________.

Extending the patient's neck

True or false: The majority of the nose is formed by the right and left nasal bones.

False, the majority of the nose is made of cartilage

True or False: Two older terms for the orbitomeatal line (OML) are Reid's base line and the anthropologic base line.

False, these are other terms for the infraorbitomeatal line (IOML)