FCS ch 10

An obese women should gain _____ pounds during pregnancy.

11-20

Although smoking during pregnancy has been associated with a number of risks to both the mother and the fetus, approximately _____ percent of pregnant women in the United States still choose to smoke.

12

In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

13 cups

In the United States, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months is about _____.

19%

The RDA for protein during pregnancy is an additional _____ grams per day.

25

To meet her increased energy needs, a breastfeeding woman is advised to consume an extra _____ kcalories per day until her infant is 6 months old.

330

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by ____ kcalories in the second trimester, and _____ kcalories in the third trimester.

340, 450

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.

6

Carrie's infant can be expected to need about how many feedings per 24-hour period during the first month or so?

8-12

Mrs. Allen asks about drinking coffee during her pregnancy, stating that she "needs" to have her morning cup of coffee every day. What information regarding caffeine intake during pregnancy is most appropriate?

A woman may safely consume up to 200 mg of caffeine daily during pregnancy

Carrie can best prepare to breastfeed her infant after delivery by performing which step?

Acquiring two nursing bras with flaps that open in the front

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?

Have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until the medication is complete

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?

Hold her breast with her hand behind the areola

A physically fit woman who is pregnant continues to exercise throughout her pregnancy. Staying active during the course of a healthy pregnancy has been shown to establish which outcome?

Reducing psychological distress

A woman who has gained 50 pounds during her pregnancy asks about weight loss after delivery of the baby. The typical woman who gains excess weight during pregnancy often has which weight loss outcome?

She retains excess weight after pregnancy in the form of fat

Kelly is a 16-year-old adolescent who is 19 weeks' pregnant with her first child. What factors increase the risk of low birthweight and infant death among teen pregnancies?

The adolescent mother is less likely to seek early prenatal care

What advice is most appropriate for a pregnant woman to prevent listeriosis during pregnancy?

Wash all fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating

A breastfeeding mother should _____.

allow the infant to suckle on the first breast offered as long as he likes

A pregnant mother wants to increase her intake of folate by choosing foods that are natural sources of the nutrient. The mother should be counseled to increase her intake of what food?

beets

A pregnant woman with low hemoglobin must take a 30 mg iron supplement. To enhance iron absorption, the woman should take the supplement _____.

between meals and with water or juice

Carrie will most likely be successful with breastfeeding if she follows which practice?

breastfeeding the infant on demand

Jane does not eat many fruits and vegetables and she dislikes dairy products. To increase her calcium intake, you would recommend that she consume plenty of _____.

calcium-fortified orange juice

A breastfeeding mother is worried that her baby will develop food allergies if she eats peanuts or tree nuts before breastfeeding. food allergies do not develop after breastfeeding, but they do develop if the infant is formula fedCurrent evidence regarding breastfeeding and food allergies states that _____.

dietary restrictions will not prevent or delay food allergies in infants

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?

facial and vision abnormalities

A physician has recommended that a pregnant mother take a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement to support nutrient intake during pregnancy. This type of supplement typically contains more of which elements designed for prenatal nutrition?

folic acid, iron, and calcium

Ample carbohydrate is needed by the pregnant woman in order to _____.

fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?

her limited financial means

The warning signs of preeclampsia include _____.

hypertension, edema, and protein in the urine

The ideal time for the first breastfeeding is _____.

immediately after delivery

What changes would most improve the adequacy of this menu?

including more fruits and vegetables

Obese pregnant women face a variety of potential health complications because of their weight, including premature delivery, gestational diabetes, and _____.

infection after the birth

Without proper management of pre-existing diabetes, a woman may face which potential complication associated with pregnancy?

infertility

Milk moves to the front of the breast when an infant begins to nurse. This is called the _____.

initial force

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is _____.

iron-fortified infant formula

Because of concern about mercury contamination, pregnant women are advised to avoid _____.

king mackerel

Pregnant women who are vegans should get their protein from _____.

legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds

Deborah receives affirmation for choosing taking vitamin-mineral supplements to support her health. Prenatal supplements may be especially beneficial in preventing which risk to the fetus?

low infant birthweight

After reading a clinic brochure on prenatal nutrition, Deborah discovers that she can "kill two birds with one stone" by eating more _____, which is a good source of both iron and zinc, minerals that might be lacking in the average pregnant woman's diet.

meat

Spina bifida, characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement, may be manifested by what features after birth?

muscle weakness and mental handicaps

Herbal supplements during pregnancy are _____.

not recommended due to lack of evidence about their safety and effectiveness

The social worker at the prenatal clinic determines that Deborah is eligible for WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children). This program provides _____.

nutrition

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via the _____.

placenta

Women who enter pregnancy with iron-deficiency anemia have a greater risk of _____.

preterm delivery

If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk _____.

quality will be maintained at the expense of maternal stores

Breastfeeding has been shown to have which benefit for the nursing infant?

reduced risk of SIDS

Deborah needs more iron in her diet in addition to the prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement that she takes. What foods are recommended for Deborah to increase her supply of heme iron before and during pregnancy?

seafood

Nora, who is pregnant, awakens at 2:00 a.m. craving pickles. The craving probably indicates that ____.

she is experiencing hormone-induced changes in taste

Carrie begins breastfeeding but her nipples quickly become sore. A likely cause is _____.

she is holding the infant in an improper feeding position

When counseling Mrs. Chamberlin regarding the heartburn she is experiencing during pregnancy, what advice should be given that would help relieve symptoms?

sit up while eating

A pregnant woman wants to continue to exercise throughout her pregnancy. What activity would be most appropriate to recommend?

swimming

How long will Carrie breastfeed her infant if she follows the advice of the American Academy of Pediatrics?

the first year of life

The most potent single predictor of an infant's future health status is _____.

the infant's birthweight

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?

the medical community's failure to encourage breastfeeding

What food would most likely be provided by the WIC program?

tuna

The American Academy of Pediatrics' position on alcohol consumption and pregnancy is that _____.

women should not drink alcohol as soon as they plan to become pregnant