Federalism

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the early Supreme Court generally

increased national power.

The _________ is the term researchers use to characterize the overall collection of national, state and local government in the United States.

intergovernmental system

Which metaphor best describes dual federalism?

layer cake

A requirement that a state undertake an activity or provide a service that maintains a minimum national standard is called a(n)

mandate.

When Roger B. Taney became chief justice in 1836, the Court imposed firm limits on the powers of

national government.

In the 2011 Chamber of Commerce of the United States v. Whiting decision, the Roberts Court upheld which state law?

Legal Arizona Workers act

Explain the concept of dual federalism and its essential premises.

National, State, and Local governments are separated and largely manage themselves (layer cake).

Identify the key elements of cooperative federalism.

National, State, and Local governments work with each other and take equal responsibility (marble-cake).

A proponent of states' rights and enumerated powers would be more likely to quote the ___ to the Constitution.

Tenth Amendment

When responding to the economic downturn that afflicted the nation at the beginning of his first term, President Obama drew on the logic of

The New Deal and the preamble to the Constitution

Which of the following is NOT an essential premise of dual federalism?

The relationship between nation and state is best characterized by cooperation

While government at all levels and private sector businesses all share responsibilities over managing the nations' ports, each port has a _____ assigned to be the captain of the port.

U.S. coast guard officer

In response to the use of national mandates and restraints that have become so dominant, theorists have developed a new theory know as ______ federalism.

coercive

A central question in the McCulloch case was whether or not Congress had the power to

establish a national bank.

According to the text, one could see the rise of coercive federalism as simply shifting the pluralist struggle from

state capitals to Washington D.C.

The lines that define congressional districts are usually drawn by

state legislatures.

The power to coin money belongs to ___ and the power to grant divorces belongs to ___.

the federal government; the states

The Constitution explicitly recognizes

the national government and state governments

Conflicts related to power-sharing between states and the national government are settled by

the supreme court.

The general conclusion of the supreme court in United States v. Lopez was that

there are limits to the national government's ability to regulate behavior based on the commerce clause.

The basic premise of federalism is that

two or more governments share power and authority over the same land and people

In Dred Scott, the Supreme Court decided that Congress had no power to

prohibit slavery.

The national government has come to rely increasingly on its _______ power to shape state policies.

regulatory

Based on 2012 data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the United States is home to as many as __________ local governments of different sorts.

90,000

According to the theory of dual federalism, __________________ the nation and the states.

a rigid wall separates

Formula grants and project grants are both types of ___ grants.

categorical

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is an example of ________ federalism

cooperative

The Great Depression represented a shift away from ___ and toward ___.

dual federalism; cooperative federalism

The "necessary and proper" clause of Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution is an example of a(n) "___ clause."

elastic

Medicaid is an example of a(n)

grant-in-aid

The power of Congress to enact laws by which the national government assumes complete of partial responsibility for a state government function is known as

preemption.

The process of redrawing boundaries for electoral jurisdictions is known as

redistricting.