final cognitive psyc chapter 10

Kosslyn's transcranial magnetic stimulation experiment on brain activation that occurs in response to imagery found that the brain activity in the visual cortex

plays a causal role in both perception and imagery

Jasmine is told to silently mouth the words "train, plane, cane, rain" while memorizing a list of numbers. She finds that it is difficult to remember to hold the list of numbers in her working memory. This difficulty is due to

Articulatory suppression

Paivio (1963) proposed the conceptual peg hypothesis. His work suggests which of the following would be most difficult to remember?

Freedom

Which of the following has been used as an argument AGAINST the idea that imagery is spatial in nature?

The tacit-knowledge explanation

The propositional approach may use any of the following EXCEPT

a spatial layout

To explain the fact that some neuropsychological studies show close parallels between perceptual deficits and deficits in imagery, while other studies do not find this parallel, it has been proposed that the mechanism for imagery is located at _____ visual centers and the mechanism for perception is located at _____ visual centers.

higher; both lower and higher

"Early" researchers of imagery (beginning with Aristotle until just prior to the dominance of behaviorism) proposed all of the following ideas EXCEPT

imagery requires a special mechanism

In drawing conclusions about the relationship between imagery and perception, a notable difference between them is that

it is harder to manipulate mental images than perceptual images

The technique in which things to be remembered are placed at different locations in a mental image of a spatial layout is known as

method of loci

Wilma is a famous chef. Since she does not like to share her secret family recipes, she does not write down her special creations, which makes it difficult to remember their ingredients. To aid her memory, she has created a unique "mental walk" that she takes to recall each recipe. For each one, she has a familiar "route" she can imagine walking through (e.g., from the end of her driveway to her living room) where she places each item in the recipe somewhere along the way (e.g., Tabasco sauce splattered on the front door). By doing so, Wilma is using _____ to organize her memories.

method of loci

Your text describes imagery performance of a patient with unilateral neglect. This patient was asked to imagine himself standing at one end of a familiar plaza and to report the objects he saw. His behavior shows

neglect always occurred on the left side of the image, with "left side" being determined by the direction in which the patient imagined he was positioned.

"3x + 9 = 16" is a _____ representation.

propositional

Imagery neurons are

specific neurons that fire corresponding to certain images for both perceiving and imagining

Amedi and coworkers used fMRI to investigate the differences between brain activation for perception and imagery. Their findings showed that when participants were ____, some areas associated with non-visual sensation (such as hearing and touch) were ____.

using visual images; deactivated

One of sarah's friends asks her to describe her new house by asking her how many windows are on the front of it. After a minute, sarah answers 12. She has most likely used _____ in answering the question.

visual imagery