FINAL EXAM
The U.S. president before Andrew Johnson was _________.
Abraham Lincoln
Which of the following was an event in the civil rights movement of 1963?
Answered with: A sniper killed Medgar Evers, field secretary of the NAACP in Mississippi. " Two million people, black and white, marched in Washington, D.C. in support of civil rights" was also an answer choice, but i looked it up and it was more like 250,000 people
What two Christian denominations commanded the largest African-American following in the South after the Civil War?
Baptist and Methodist
Who founded the Society of American Indians in 1911?
Carlos Montezuma
Who was the Secretary of State who argued in 2002 that conquest and stabilization of Iraq would require hundreds of thousands of American soldiers and should not be undertaken without the support of America's allies?
Colin Powell
June 6, 1944, the day on which nearly 200,000 American, British, and Canadian soldiers landed in Normandy, in northwestern France, is known as
D-Day.
What modern American president made policy decisions regarding Muslim immigrants that prompted the Supreme Court to declare that the Korematsu case had no legal standing?
Donald Trump
According to Social Darwinism, government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations.
False
As the subordination of blacks grew more rigid, American attitudes toward immigrants grew more tolerant.
False
Donald Trump was projected to win the 2016 presidential election.
False
Federal programs such as the Agricultural Adjustment Act helped nearly all sharecroppers live better, more productive, and more profitable lives.
False
In 1879, for the first time since the Civil War, the United States departed from the gold standard.
False
In the Progressive era, industry was on the rise and agriculture was in decline.
False
In the last two decades of the nineteenth century, "new immigrants" were welcomed with open arms by the American people.
False
Jackson Pollock's paintings were viewed as communistic by the CIA and defunded.
False
Johnson's Great Society failed to reduce poverty in America to any significant degree.
False
New York became the most prominent symbol of the postwar suburban boom; one-fifth of the population growth of the 1950s occurred there.
False
President Bush's popularity and approval ratings improved both due to the war in Iraq and Hurricane Katrina.
False
President Wilson won reelection in 1916 on the slogan, "We must fight to make the world safe for democracy."
False
Richard Nixon won the 1968 presidential election by the largest landslide in American history.
False
The America First Committee sought to ensure that America would be one of the first nations to enter the conflict against Adolf Hitler.
False
The Ku Klux Klan sought to uphold the American ideal of equality and justice for all.
False
The first president to hold regular press conferences in order to influence public opinion directly was Theodore Roosevelt.
False
The term "Lochnerism" derived from the 1905 Supreme Court decision Lochner v. New York, in which the Court voided the state's law establishing a ten-hour day maximum for bakers.
False
W. E. B. Du Bois felt that President Wilson attempted to make strides in including black Americans in democracy, but the war effort shifted the country's attention to more global matters.
False
When U.S. troops landed at Vera Cruz, Mexico, to stop weapons from being delivered to Victoriano Huerta's forces, the Marines were greeted as liberators by the Mexican people.
False
In the 2000 election, George W. Bush won the popular vote, but lost the electoral vote to Al Gore.
False, more the other way around
Who of the following were known as the "Big Three"?
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin
Who was the person who sent the Long Telegram from Moscow in 1946 that lay the foundation for what became known as the policy of "containment"?
George F. Kennan
Many stock frauds stemmed from the repeal of this piece of legislation in 1999, a New Deal measure that separated commercial banks (which accept deposits and make loans) from investment banks (which invest in stocks and real estate and take larger risks).
Glass-Steagall Act
How did President Trump respond to the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)?
He tried to repeal it.
Where were Fred Korematsu's parents born, and where was he born?
Japan; United States
Which of the following was part of President Johnson's 1965-1967 "Great Society"?
Medicare and Medicaid
In the aftermath of Rosa Parks's arrest for refusing to give her bus seat to a white rider, a yearlong bus boycott took place in what city?
Montgomery, Alabama
In 1900, in the entire South, how many public high schools for blacks existed?
None
Who was the leader of Al Qaeda in 2001?
Osama bin Laden
What landmark United States Supreme Court decision gave approval to state laws requiring separate facilities for whites and blacks?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What was the 1978 Supreme Court decision that rejected the idea of fixed affirmative action quotas, but allowed that race could be used as one factor among many in admissions decisions?
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Who was the Progressive-era mayor of Toledo who founded night schools, built new parks, established free kindergartens, and supported the right of workers to unionize?
Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones
This Reagan-appointed Supreme Court justice was the first female member of the Court.
Sandra Day O'Connor
In what legal case did Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes declare that the First Amendment did not prevent Congress from prohibiting speech that presented a "clear and present danger"?
Schenck v. United States
President Trump appointed which of the following people, a close ally of the oil industry, to head the Environmental Protection Agency?
Scott Pruitt
Where were most of the Society of American Indians educated?
U.S. government boarding schools
Dollar Diplomacy, the U.S. foreign policy that emphasized economic investment and loans from American banks, rather than direct military intervention, was the policy of
William Taft
This conservative political group was founded in 1960 after meeting at the estate of William F. Buckley, with a goal of taking control of the Republican Party from leaders who, in their opinions had, embraced some communist doctrines, such as the New Deal.
Young Americans for Freedom
What was the Red Line Agreement of 1928?
a U.S. and European effort to divide up oil regions in the Middle East and Latin America
The "Open Door" Policy refers to
a key principle of U.S. foreign relations that emphasizes the free flow of trade and investment.
The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 established
detention camps and processing centers for illegal immigrants arriving from any country.
In the spring of 1932, approximately 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans descended on Washington to demand early payment of a bonus due in 1945, and were
driven away by federal soldiers led by army chief of staff Douglas MacArthur.
What scientific field was repudiated by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973?
eugenics
Why did Congress institute Operation Wetback?
fear of immigrants sparked by the anticommunist crusade
Pat Buchanan delivered a speech at the 1992 Republican national convention that declared cultural war against which of the following?
feminists
What was the condition of Europe in 1947?
high inflation
The Bureau of Indian Affairs established boarding schools for the purpose of Group of answer choices
removing Indian children from their parents and tribes and assimilating them into "white ways."
The 1968 Kerner Report blamed the widespread inner-city riots--occurring across the country from Harlem to Watts--on
segregation, poverty, and "white racism."
This improvement was key in both the division of time zones as well as improving sales in such brands as Ivory soap and Quaker Oats.
standard gauge for railroads
In his 1992 run for the presidency, Bill Clinton held which of the following views?
support of gay rights
Which of the following was an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?
telegraph
The House Un-American Activities Committee charged these people with contempt of Congress, and sentenced them to jail terms of six months to a year.
the Hollywood Ten
In 2017, President Trump withdrew the United States from what international agreement on climate change that had been achieved in 2015?
the Paris Agreement
In 1925, what was the Tennessee trial in which a public schoolteacher faced charges of violating the state's law prohibiting the teaching of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?
the Scopes Trial
As part of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes ordered federal troops in _________ to return to their barracks and stop guarding state houses.
the South
The House of Representatives approved articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson for violation of what law?
the Tenure of Office Act
Milton Friedman's book Capitalism and Freedom outlined which of the following ideas regarding individual liberty?
the repeal of the Social Security System
How low was the unemployment rate by 2018?
under 4 percent
Under this kind of program, cities demolished poor neighborhoods in city centers that occupied potentially valuable real estate; in their place were constructed retail centers and all-white middle-income housing complexes.
urban renewal
Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction
were often arrested and hired out to white landowners.
What was the name for the plan by which President Nixon gradually drew down the number of American troops in Vietnam, saying they would be replaced by South Vietnamese soldiers?
"Vietnamization"
During the Progressive era, numerous products utilized the image of the Statue of Liberty as a sales device.
True
Herbert Hoover preferred "associational action" to government intervention in directing regulatory and welfare policies.
True
In 1947, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) launched hearings into communist influence in Hollywood, and, in consequence, actors, directors, and screenwriters were blacklisted or jailed.
True
One strand of social analysis in the 1950s asserted that Americans were psychologically and culturally discontent, lonely and anxious, and yearning not so much for freedom as for stability and authority.
True
President Nixon resigned the office of the presidency in 1974, in the wake of the Watergate scandal and cover-up.
True
President Obama abolished the secret military tribunals that former President Bush had established.
True
Southern white congressmen during the early 1900s wielded far greater power on the national scene than their tiny electorates warranted.
True
The 1930s were a decade of dramatic social upheaval.
True
The 1936 election saw the crystallizing of the "New Deal coalition."
True
The Civil Service Act of 1883 marked the first step in establishing a professional civil service and removing office-holding from the hands of political machines.
True
The Marshall Plan proved to be one of the most successful foreign aid programs in history.
True
The National Recovery Administration (NRA) exempted businesses from antitrust laws.
True
The Platt Amendment authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba whenever it saw fit.
True
The United States inflicted severe losses on the Japanese Navy in the Battle of Midway Island.
True
The civil rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the "Second Reconstruction."
True
The top-secret program in which American scientists developed an atomic bomb during World War II was called the Manhattan Project.
True
War mobilization greatly strengthened the size and stature of the American labor movement.
True
When nine young black men--the "Scottsboro boys"--were arrested for the rape of two white women in Alabama in 1931, the Communist-dominated International Labor Defense represented them in what became an international cause célèbre.
True
Women's freedom in the 1920s was characterized by unapologetic use of birth control methods such as the diaphragm.
True
resident Woodrow Wilson authorized more military interventions into Latin America than any other president in American history.
True
Directly or indirectly, J. P. Morgan controlled 40 percent of the financial and industrial capital in the United States in the opening years of the twentieth century.
True
During the 1950s, material consumption came more and more to eclipse economic independence and democratic engagement as the hallmarks of American freedom.
True
What was the annual immigration quota for Filipinos allowed to enter the United States during the 1930s?
50 annually the correct answer is probably 50 500 for all of the 1930s
By 1968, the number of American troops in Vietnam was approximately
500,000
Which was the organization that crafted the Port Huron Statement, criticized corporations, unions, and the military-industrial complex, and proclaimed "a democracy of individual participation"?
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
This piece of legislation reduced the tax rate on the wealthiest Americans to 28 percent, a sharp retreat from the idea that the wealthy should pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes than other citizens.
Tax Reform Act
After 1870, a "new imperialism" arose, dominated by European powers and Japan.
True
American agriculture slid into economic depression years before the stock market crash of 1929.
True
Between 1910 and 1920, half a million blacks moved away from the South; many migrated into northern cities like Chicago, New York, Akron, Buffalo, and Trenton.
True
By 2010, more than 4 million Muslims resided in the United States.
True
By the end of the 1930s, civil liberties had achieved a central place in the New Deal understanding of freedom.
True
Cultural dissent was more conspicuous than political dissent during the 1950s.
True