Final Exam- MGT 300

Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? A. Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knew there is a problem B. Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines C. Ciara's group sent a product that was nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering D. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content. E. Ciara is constantly " putting out fires", responding to daily crises in her group

Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.

Mountain Rescue, Inc. sells emergency safety and rescue products exclusively to ski patrols and mountain rescue workers at prices that are below that of its competitors, who offer a larger line of products and focus on broader markets, including firefighters and paramedics. Mountain Rescue is pursuing a _______ strategy. A. cost- focus B. cost-leadership C. differentiation D. narrow E.focused-differentiation

Cost- focus

Susan keeps a close eye on events inside and outside her company to discover possible opportunities for new products and threats to competition as soon as possible. Susan is engaging in______. A. competitive intelligence B. contingency planning C. environmental scanning D. trend analysis E. forecasting

Environmental scanning

Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage? A. Wagner Act B. Social Security Act C. Fair Labor Standards Act D. Occupational Safety and Health Act E. Civil Rights Act

Fair Labor Standards Act

Shipshape is a package shipping company that provides fast, affordable shipping services to businesses. Shipshape has extremely regimented work processes that focus on maintaining efficiency and effectiveness, and the management structure and reporting relationships are very defined. Shipshape is most likely an example of a _______ culture. A. clan B. adhocracy C. market D. hierarchy E. inventive

Hierarchy

______ is the process for motivating employee performance in which the manager and employee jointly set objectives for the employee, the manager develops action plans, the manager and employee periodically review, the employee performance, and the manager makes up a performance appraisal and rewards the employee according to the results achieved. A. observation theory B. MBAO C. MBO D. strategic planning E.employee- management agreement

MBO

What management tool is used to determine a company's current situation? A. staff surveys B. SWOT analysis C. strategic thinking D. staff meetings E. long-term planning

SWOT analysis

Dave owns several computer repair shops across the Midwest, and he has set a goal for his company of cutting costs in all his locations over the next three years. Dave has set a(n) ____. A. tactical goal B. management guideline C. business plan D.strategic goal E.operational goal

Strategic goal

What focuses on developing a comprehensive program for long-term success? A. strategic planning B. mission statement C. organizational diversity D. TQM E. a synergy agenda

Strategic planning

What means performing different activities from rivals or performing similar ones in different ways? A. Competitive planning B. distinctive positioning C. collaborative planning D. strategic segmentation E. strategic positioning

Strategic positioning

Frisco Recreational Vehicles recently instituted cross-functional teams to develop new products. Team members are spread across the country, so it is expensive and time-consuming for people to travel to headquarters to meet. The company would benefit most from a change in ______ involving A. Technology; teams meeting " virtually" through electronic media B. Structure; disbanding the teams and relying on individuals to develop products C. Culture; sending team members to conflict management courses D. People; hiring new people in the organization at the headquarters location E. Strategy; dropping the strategy of developing new products

Technology; teams meeting " virtually" through electronic media

Natasha, the general manager of a putting range, believes that her workers are responsible and capable, and that they can be trusted when given responsibility. Natasha is an example of a(n) ___ manager. A. Theory Z B. contingency C. Theory X D. participative E. Theory Y

Theory Y

Tom and his family have developed a successful business selling fertilizer to farmers in his area. Recently, ABC chemical has developed and marketed in new chemical fertilizer. That is far less expensive than Tom's product. Tom's situation regarding ABC chemical is an example of________ in Porter's model for industry analysis. A. bargaining power of buyers B. threats of new entrants C. threats of substitute products and services D. rivalry among competitors E. bargaining power of suppliers

Threat of new entrants

Shredz, a Canadian energy drink company, has a ________, which is " To become the world's foremost provider of energy and health drinks and to offer products that give people the fuel to realize their wildest dreams." A. statement of purpose B. messianic statement C. vision statement D. strategic goal E. business model

Vision statement

What is a vision statement? A. a statement explaining where your organization is headed B. a statement with a clear vision C. a statement explaining where the company will be in five years D. a statement explaining where the company wants to be E. a clear, visible, and forward-looking statement that the whole team can see

a statement explaining where your organization is headed.

Employees are likely to see an _______ as least threatening. A. innovative change B. market change C. adaptive change D. social change E. radically innovative change

adaptive change

Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class? This is usually unintentional. A. disparate treatment B. reverse discrimination C. unequal application D. harassment E. adverse impact

adverse impact

A human resources specialist at UPS who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job________. A. posting B. specification C.analysis D. description E. rotation

analysis

Durant is a leading manufacturer of armored vehicles for the U.S. Armed Forces. Durant has been able to secure many contracts because of its use of duranium, a rare metal that is difficult to locate and extract. Currently only one company, Minecraft, mines, and supplies duranium. According to Porter's Five Forces model for industry analysis, which force should Durant be most concerned with regarding Minecraft? A. bargaining power of supplies B. bargaining power of buyers C. rivalry among competitors D. threats of new entrants E. threats of substitute products and services

bargaining power of supplies

At Caldwell Organic Grocers, all purchasing, hiring, and production decisions are made by top management. Caldwell has ______ authority. A. classical B. wide C. centralized D. for-profit E. matrix

centralized

Robert shows up for work on time every day, and is willing to stay late to get tasks done. He is always the first to master any new training and almost always hits his performance targets. Robert probably scores highly on the _______ dimension of the Big Five Personality Test. A. extroversion B. agreeableness C. conscientiousness D. emotional stability E. openness to experience

conscientiousness

When organizations endeavor to keep their costs and hence the prices of their products or services below those of competitors and to target a wide market, they are utilizing a ________ strategy. A. focused-differentiation B. differentiation C. cost- leadership D. reinventing E. cost- focus

cost-leadership

Symbols, stories, heroes, and rites and rituals are ways in which ____ is (are) most often transmitted to employees. A. plans B. goals C. objectives D. culture E. ethics

culture

At the strategic level of planning, managers must pay attention to the environment outside the organization, be future-oriented, and ________. A. have more stability than at other levels B. have more control over employee issues C. have less competition D. deal with uncertain and competitive conditions E. be more likely to understand the political environment

deal with uncertain and competitive conditions

The increasing diversity of the American workforce is an example of a(n) ______ force for change. A. demographic B. market C. social and political D. political E. economic

demographic

An organization that is offering unique, superior products or services to a wide market is pursuing a strategy of A. cost leadership B. differentiation C. cost focus D. diversification E. focused differentiation

differentiation

The most significant flaw in the classical viewpoints is that is A. overemphasizes mathematical techniques B. is impractical in the workplace C. does not address productivity D. discounts the important of human needs E. does not account for irrational behavior

discounts the importance of human needs

The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people is called an organization's A. coordinated effort B. division of labor C. span of control D. chain of command E. matrix structure

division of labor

James and his managers are discussing the unemployment, inflation, interest rate, and currency exchange trends that might affect their international restaurant chain over the next 12 months. The managers are studying the _____ forces in their organization's _______ environment. A. technological; task B. economic; general C. sociocultural; general D. technological; general E. sociocultural; task

economic; general

Many countries around the world banned the importation of beef from the United Kingdom after it was discovered to contain bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("Mad Cow Diseases"). This type of behavior is known as______. A. protective tariff B. import quota C. revenue tariff D. licensing fee E. embargo

embargo

The ability to cope, empathize with others, and be self-motivated is called A. emotional intelligence B. self awareness C. social intelligence D. self efficacy E. self monitoring

emotional intelligence

_________ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried. A. self-esteem B. openness to experience C. self-efficacy D. locus of control E. emotional stability

emotional stability

Johnson & Johnson faced a major issue in the 1980s when an unknown perpetrator injected their Tylenol products with cyanide. Johnson & Johnson's CEO, James E. Burke, chose to recall Tylenol products and advertise that Johnson & Johnson was doing so because of Johnson & Johnson's credo to protect their customers. In this situation, Johnson & Johnson was showing their__________. A. organizational culture B. basic assumptions C. frame D. enacted values E. observable artifacts

enacted values

Which of the Big Five personality dimensions has been associated with success for managers and salespeople? A. extroversion B. agreeableness C. openness to experience D. emotional stability E. conscientiousness

extroversion

Managerial leadership is defined as the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and the process of A. minimizing the impacts of environmental change on the organization B. facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives C. motivating others to achieve extraordinary levels of performance D. creating a vision and a strategic plan for an organization E. striving for constructive change by setting a direction for the future

facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives

The structure of Sandal Mart consists of people with similar specialties put together in formal groups, such as the marketing, accounting, and human resource departments. Sandal Mart has a _____ structure. A. simple B. focused C. hollow D. functional E. centralized

functional

________ is the tendency to attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to the situation the person is in. A. the halo effect B. fundamental attribution bias C. self-serving bias D. selective perception E. stereotyping

fundamental attribution bias

The purpose of the strategic human resource process is to A. maintain a stable workforce for the minimum expense B. inform the grand strategy C. formulate human resource-sensitive strategic plans D. find the human resources needed in a timely fashion E. Get optimal work performance to help realize company's missions and value

get optimal work performance to help realize company's missions and value

During Lewin's changing stage, managers should A. reduce the barriers to change B. make employees dissatisfied with the present situation C. reinforce the desired change D. give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior E. encourage employees to exhibit the new change

give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behaviors

The growth, stability, and defensive strategies are common A. leadership strategies B. cost leadership strategies C. types of differentiation plans D. stabilization strategies E. grand strategies

grand strategies

IKEA employees are inspired to work hard by an anecdote from their Swedish founder, Invar Kamprad, who told how he was berated by his father for failing repeatedly to get out of bed to milk the cows on his family's farm. Then one day he got an alarm clock. "'Now by jiminy, I'm going to start a new life,' he determined, setting the alarm for twenty to six and removing the 'off button.'" Invar Kamprad is an example of a(n) A. trend B. fable C. hero D. urban legend E. key employee

hero

In recent years, Steel City Ironworks has outsourced most of its day-to-day business functions, such as IT and shipping, to save on costs, but has kept its main lines of business relating to ironworking and smelting completely in-house. Steel City has a ______ structure. A. hollow B. matrix C. spine D. hybrid E. mechanistic

hollow

Sheila worked in a mostly-male engineering firm. She was often uncomfortable because the men told suggestive jokes and sometimes had off-color or lewd pictures in their offices. Sheila's experience is an example of_________. A. adverse impact B. quid pro quo harassment C. hostile work environment D. disparate treatment E. bullying

hostile work environment

____________ includes the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce. A. personnel development B. contingency planning C. job analysis D. human resource management E. performance appraisal

human resource management

Insurance company Acuity has a clan culture; employees have generous perks and are empowered to participate in a way in the company that is fun. The results are profitability and an enviably low 2% turnover rate. a clan culture has an A. internal focus and values flexibility B. strong external focus and values stability and control C. external focus and values flexibility D. internal focus and values stability and control E. continual focus on efficiency, cost cutting, and outsourcing

internal focus and values flexibility

Paula's management professor just told her class that the final exam is optional for students like her who currently have an A. She decides to take the exam anyway, since she likes the subject and wants to master the material. Paula is motivated to take the exam by a(n) _____. A. hygiene factor B. physiological need C. high need for power D. extrinsic reward E. intrinsic reward

intrinsic reward

A goal that states" Attend work at least 80% of the time this quarter" has which of the following problems? A. it is not specific enough B. It is not measurable C. it does not have a target date D. Is it not challenging enough E. It is not achievable

it is not challenging enough

__________ summarizes what the holder of the job does and how and why he or she does it. A. job specification B. realistic job preview C. job description D. job analysis E. performance appraisal

job description

Which of the following is not a leading reason that employees resist change? A. individual predisposition toward change B. lack of personal ethics C. fear of failure D. climate of mistrust E. non-reinforcing rewards systems

lack of personal ethics

Julia really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Julia has A. poor job performance. B. low job involvement. C. low organizational commitment. D. poor job enrichment. E. low job satisfaction.

low job satisfaction

Which of the following is an inside force for change? A. domestic competition B. recession C. advancements in automation D. immigration E. low productivity and turnover

low productivity and turnover

Arnos Engineering has a functional structure throughout the company but also has a second chain of command based on the part of the United States where one works. This organization has a ______ structure. A. bifunctional B. hybrid C. network D. matrix E. team-based

matrix

According to the job characteristics model, the core job characteristics of skill variety, task identity, and task significance combine to affect A. knowledge of results. B. meaningfulness of work. C. autonomy of work. D. responsibility for results. E. feedback from others.

meaningfulness of work

Clothing maker Patagonia states that its purpose as an organization is to "build the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, [and] use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis." This is the company's ___. A. belief statement B. mission statement C. goals pact D. code of ethics E. management pledge

mission statement

Clothing maker The Gap states that its purpose as an organization is to "create emotional connections with customers around the world through inspiring product design, unique store experiences, and competitive marketing." This is the company's A. mission statement B. belief statement C. goals pact D. code of ethics E. management pledge

mission statement

Historically, researchers have believed that optimal performance results when people and organizations are subjected to ______ stress. A. extremely high B. high C. moderate D. little E. no

moderate

The purpose of MBO is to ____. A. Control subordinates B. control costs C. control lower-level management D. motivate subordinantes E. increase market share and develop synergy

motivate subordinates

The goal to "improve the quality of customer service by instituting follow-up telephone calls this month" is not a SMART goal because it is A. unlikely to align with higher level goals. B. not measurable. C. too simplistic. D. not results-oriented. E. unlikely to result in improvement to customer service.

not measurable

Amy is a sales manager and she is conducting performance appraisals for her team members. To do so, she tracks each person's sales calls and revenues on a quarterly basis. Amy is using a(n) ______ system of appraisal. A. objective B. behavioral C. trait D. informal E. 360-degree

objective

What are the rituals and ceremonies of a company, as well as the manner of dress, awards, myths, and stories told about a company? A. observable artifacts of organizational culture B. espoused values of organizational culture C. enacted values of organizational culture D. basic assumptions about organizational culture E. invisible artifacts of that industry's culture and values

observable artifacts of organizational culture

Dante, as the social media manager for an electronics company, often solicits information via Facebook and Twitter from customers. He then takes the complaints, suggestions, and praise to his superior managers, who often incorporate customer ideas into new designs. Dante's company would be described as a ______ system. A. open B. closed C. communicative D. open-door E. continuous

open

______ is planning done by first-line managers to determine how to accomplish specific tasks with available resources within the next 1 to 52 weeks A. writing a belief statement B. developing a goals pact C. producing a code of ethics D. management pledging E. operational planning

operational planning

Will, the owner of Will's Landscaping, was talking to a visitor in his office, telling her "We are a fun-loving group that believes in teamwork and a family atmosphere at work, which significantly affects our work outcomes. Plus, we do things together outside of work. This is the 'social glue' that binds the members of our company together." Will was referring to his company's A. mission statement B. organizational culture C. code of ethics D. diversity plan E. analytics

organizartonal culture

According to the competing values framework, the four types of _______ are clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy. A. organizational values B. industry cultural standards C. organizational norms D. value statements E.organizational cultures

organizational cultures

_____ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment A. self-awareness B. self management C. perception D. self monitoring E. openness to experience

perception

Maid to Clean is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. Managers believe that this will reduce labor costs. Maid to Clean is focusing on changing employee A.performance B. skills C. attitudes D. management E. structure

performance

The Myers- Briggs Type Indicator is a ____________ test. A. personality B. reliability C. performance D. ability E. character

personality

With increasing competition in the restaurant business, Sal, owner of Mom's Pizza, is dealing with growing uncertainty. He is meeting with his managers to develop a future course of action to meet company goals. This process is known as A. planning B. leading C. controlling D. defining E. diversifying

planning

Which of these is NOT an advantage of planning and strategic management? A. using a broad group of employees to help plan can foster teamwork B. planning can encourage innovation and creativity C. planning can help managers focus on only their department's current problems D. strategic management can lead to sustainable competitive advantages E. strategic management can help companies effectively respond to customers

planning can help managers focus on only their department's current problems

What are the four principal functions of management? A. executing, planning, organizing, and leading B. scheduling, organizing, leading, and staffing C. staffing, planning, motivating, and delegating D. planning, organizing, leading, and controlling E. staffing, planning, leading, and delegating

planning, organizing, leading, and controlling

_____ forces affect the way politics shape laws and the way laws shape the opportunities for and threats to an organization. For example, some cities in the United States (including New York and San Francisco) have set the minimum wage far above the federally mandated minimum wage. A. political-legal B. demographic C. financial D. sociocultural E. technological

political-legal

A(n) ________ change involves introducing a practice that is new to the industry, such as using drones (rather than delivery trucks) to deliver products to customers. A. revolutionary B. adaptive C. radically innovative D. reactive E. innovative

radically innovative

The process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization is called A. enlisting B. selection C. hiring D. recruiting E. job posting

recruiting

Tracy is outgoing, warm, and truly inspirational when she talks about where she wants to lead her division. Her employees seem eager to do anything she asks. Because of her personality and not her position, Tracy has ______ power. A. legitimate B. referent C. reward D. coercive E. expert

referent

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine. A. change agency B. benchmarking C. OD intervention D. radical innovation E. resistance to change

resistance to change

Which of the following is NOT part VRIO? A. value B. rarity C. imitability D. organization E. resource

resource

________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves. A. emotional stability B. self-awareness C. locus of control D. self-efficacy E. self-esteem

self-esteem

A waiter expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of the A. halo effect. B. self-fulfilling prophecy. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. self-serving bias. E. selective perception error

self-fulfilling prophecy

In a functional structure, people with _______ are grouped together. A. similar levels of authority B. temporary jobs on the same project C. similar occupational specialties D. jobs related to similar products E. jobs in the same geographic region

similar occupational specialties

Laura comes in for an interview with Tomas, who is the branch manager of a local bank. Tomas asks Laura several questions in the interview that propose certain hypothetical scenarios or dilemmas. Tomas asks how Laura would handle them. Tomas is giving Laura a_______ interview. A. unstructured B. behavioral C. objective D. situational E. analytical

situational

_______ refers to interpersonal or people skills needed for success at work. A. technical skills B. strategic planning C. soft skills D. training skills E. planning and organizing skills

soft skills

Alana, the children's department manager at Shoe Mart, has eight employees in her department, and all of them report directly to her. The eight employees who report directly to Alana are her _____. A. area of responsibility B. span of direction C. span of control D. hierarchy of authority E. management depth

span of control

Brad was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning towards hiring Kai, a Japanese American woman, since he thinks Asians are better at math. Brad is exhibiting which distortion in perception? A. Racism B. The recency effect C. A fundamental attribution error D. Stereotyping E. The halo effect

stereotyping

The point of performance appraisal is to ___________. A. provide a paper trail of manager-employee interactions B. avoid legal problems, especially discrimination complaints C. demonstrate correct methods for work procedures D. make sure the subordinate's behavior is tightly controlled E. stimulate better job performance

stimulate better job performance

What are the internal components of a SWOT analysis? A. strengths and opportunities B. strengths and threats C. opportunities and threats D. weaknesses and threats E. strengths and weaknesses

strengths and weaknesses

______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively. A. apprehension B. role conflict C. role overload D. stress E. anxiety

stress

When analyzing the "S" in a SWOT analysis, a manager might take note of____. A. a decrease in the size of the market B. competitors' new products C. high turnover of employees D. strong financial resources of the firm E. lifting of governmental regulations

strong financial resources of the firm

Prior to 1990, the United States imposed a tax, known as a(n) ________, on automobiles imported from Mexico. A. licensing fee B. tariff C. embargo D. import quota E. export quota

tariff

Marielle points out during the meeting that the group has fallen a half hour behind schedule according to the agenda, and should get back to the important work at hand. She is performing a ______ role. A. relational B. task C. maintenance D. social E. production

task

Laurie, the CEO of Panacea Pharmaceuticals, is conducting interviews for a public relations official. She wants to hire William, because he is attractive, for the post, even though other candidates are more qualified. Laurie is experiencing the _____. A. availability bias B. self-serving bias C. self-fulfilling prophecy D. halo effect E. the Pygmalion effect

the halo effect

_______ is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information A. stereotyping B. self serving bias C. fundamental attribution bias D. selective perception E. the recency effect

the recency effect

Which of the following is not a large-scale trend shaping the future of business? A. more niche products B. traditional companies struggling with radically innovative change C. the waning importance of information as a competitive advantage D. offshore suppliers affecting U.S. business E. faster speed-to-market

the waning important of information as a competitive advantage

Alexis has prepared a report that details how prices for several raw materials her firm uses in production have risen by up to 30% in the last year. Her report would be an input into the __________ part of a SWOT analysis. A. strengths B. weaknesses C. opportunities D. threats E. structure

threats

Creighton Bicycles and Repair conducted a survey and discovered that among customers who had tried both bike shops, its successful cross-town competition was preferred about 80% of the time. The most frequently cited reason was customer service. This information would be most helpful to introduce to employees during which stage of Lewin's change model? A. unfreezing B. continuous improvement C. benchmarking D. empowerment E. refreezing

unfreezing

The type of interview that is most likely to cause managers problems/ because of its potential for bias and questionable legality is the A. realistic job preview B. unstructured interview C. performance interview D. situational interview E. behavioral description interview

unstructured interview

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. A. ethics B. cultures C. perceptions D. attitudes E. values

values

The Publix chain of supermarkets has stated, "We will not knowingly disappoint you. If for any reason your purchase does not give you satisfaction, the full purchase price will be cheerfully refunded immediately upon request." This proclamation is Publix's A. vision statement B. value statement C. mission statement D. corporate slogan E. company tagline

values statement

Donald is the owner of The Party Hat, a U.S. event-planning company. He plans to open an event-planning company, Events & Adventures, in London. Events & Adventures will be totally owned and controlled by The Party Hat, which makes Events & Adventures a ____ of The Party Hat. A. joint venture B. total investment agreement C. strategic alliance D. wholly-owned subsidiary E. maquiladora

wholly-owned subsidiary