Final
Complete the passage below describing the events that made up the Montgomery bus boycott.
- individual - relinquish - nonviolent civil disobedience - arrested - alternative - resentment - bombings
Identify the impacts of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on the African American community.
- prohibited literacy tests at polling stations - enabled election of black public officials in white-dominated politics - authorized federal officials to enforce the act - guaranteed all citizens the right to vote - empowered blacks to register to vote in the hundreds of thousands
By 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. had become a leading spokesman for black power
False
In 1939, FDR had Congress modify the Neutrality Acts to allow
France and England to send their ships to get American goods
The Cuban War for Independence against Spain lasted how long?
From 1895 to 1898
The Supreme Court was hostile to many New Deal elements during Roosevelt's first term, ruling that elements such as the NRA were unconstitutional in seven out of nine cases that it reviewed. What was the main theme of the Court's decisions?
The Court ruled that the New Deal gave too much power to the federal government.
Upon reaching the interior of Germany, American soldiers discovered
The Jewish concentration camps
the papers of joseph pulitzer and william randolph hearst helped invent what came to be known as "green journalism"
false
President Truman's domestic policy was called the
Fair Deal
To what extent was Obama successful in his goal of uniting the country?
(shortest one)
What prompted the Soviet Union to extend its influence over Eastern Europe?
- German invasions - insecure - buffer - installing puppet governments
Identify the factors that impeded the growth of labor unions.
Correct Answer(s) - A majority of the workforce was made up of immigrants who spoke different languages. - Most elected officials supported business owners over workers. - There was a trust problem within unions, as they were made up of various ethnic groups that distrusted each other. Incorrect Answer(s) - Workers were never able to engage in strikes due to a series of laws enacted in the early part of the nineteenth century.
Identify how the end of World War I contributed to the creation of a consumer culture.
Correct Answer(s) - Factories that once dedicated themselves to war production needed something else to make. - Americans no longer needed to conserve important resources to support the war effort.
Why was the emergence of the Soviet Union as a global superpower surprising in the aftermath of the Second World War, particularly when compared to the rise of the other world power—the United States?
Correct Answer(s) - Fighting on the Eastern Front ravaged Soviet territory and severely impacted the lives of Soviet citizens. Conversely, the U.S. home front did not experience any major fighting. - The ratio of Soviet to American casualties during the war was nearly 60 to 1.
Identify some of the factors that contributed to the Red Summer of 1919.
Correct Answer(s) - Many whites associated African American civil rights activists with communism. - The Great Migration of African Americans out of the South into northern urban areas led to heightened racial tension in many cities.
Analyze the political cartoon commenting on the Teapot Dome scandal. What does it reveal about the scandal?
Correct Answer(s) - The Republican administrations of the 1920s had abandoned the Progressive movement's interest in good government and the regulation of industry. - The Harding administration was overrun by scandal.
Why did union membership decline during the 1920s?
Correct Answer(s) - company-sponsored incentives for workers - "open shop" policies - a rising standard of living for American workers
Match each political faction to its appropriate description.
Slalwarts -fully committed to the system of patronage and to appointing loyalists to political positions -strong supporters of President Grant Half Breeds - partly dedicated to reforming the spoils system - not fully supportive of President Grant
the indian wars effectively ended with the capture of geronimo, a chief of the chiricahua apaches
true
President Carter suffered a major defeat when the Senate blocked his effort to return the Canal Zone to Panama
False
Harding's 1920 campaign for presidency revolved around what saying?
"Return to Normalcy"
Which of the following were long-term effects of America losing the Vietnam War?
- America's loss broke the national consensus that the United States must contain communism around the world. - Vietnam was reunited under the Communist government of North Vietnam. - The Khmer Rouge came to power in Cambodia.
Like Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr, who established Chicago's Hull House, founders of settlement houses believed that charitable works and Christian fellowship could adequately address the issues of urban poverty.
False
Obama's Affordable Care Act (ACA) created a system through which uninsured Americans with low income could buy health insurance from the federal government.
False
Roosevelt ensured that his Second New Deal programs would stand by filling the Supreme Court with justices who supported him.
False
Roosevelt's unpopularity among African American voters convinced him not to run in the 1908 election because it was unlikely that he would be victorious.
False
T/F: In May 1945, Germany surrendered in exchange for assurances that Hitler would not be tried as a war criminal.
False
T/F: John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath told of Wall Street businessmen brought to their knees after Black Tuesday.
False
The Iran-Contra affair involved the illegal sales of arms to the Contra rebels in Iran
False
The United States invaded Iraq with the full support of its allies to remove Saddam Hussein from power and limit the threat posed by his chemical and biological weapons.
False
The following quotation illustrates the Obama Doctrine: "If we wait for threats to fully materialize ... we will have waited too long. In the world we have entered, the only path to safety is the path of action. And this nation will act."
False
The growth of cities, and their associated problems like overcrowding, was confined to the Northeast and Midwest.
False
The relationship between the United States and Japan was one of long-lasting mutual trust, which served as the foundation for the strong alliance between the two powers.
False
The religious right was a Protestant-dominated movement in which Catholics were not allowed to participate
False
The success of the Democratic party in the 1930 election forced Hoover to alter his strategy on the economy in order to gain public support.
False
nixon and his white house aides tried to cover up the watergate break-in
true
The defining moment for baby boomers was
The Vietnam War
Where was Eisenhower successful in handling foreign crises?
- U.A.R (Egypt) - E. Ger.
Identify the reasons why Roosevelt's critics opposed the New Deal.
Correct Answer(s) - The United States still suffered from the Great Depression, and Roosevelt's programs didn't do enough to improve the economy. - The New Deal increased taxes and was too socialist
hubert humphrey was lyndon johnsons running mate in the presidential election of 1964
true
Describe Eisenhower's "moderate Republicanism," particularly his intentions to alter the balance between state and federal power.
- Eisenhower sought to curb the ability of the federal government to engage in social and political planning. - Eisenhower sought to reinstate the power of state governments. - Eisenhower sought a "middle way" that emphasized consensus and compromise.
Match the following terms to their influence over young people in the 1920s.
- Flaming Youth: depicted young women engaging in skinny-dipping and sexual activities - Freud: provided young people justification to rebel against social norms and indulge in sex - Flappers: the dress and style of young women, which was strikingly different than previous generations
Match the following Gilded Age legislation to its appropriate description.
- Sherman Anti-Trust: This passed in 1890 to prohibit companies from establishing monopolies in their industries. - Bland-Allison Act: Passed in 1878, it expanded the nation's money supply through an increase of silver coins. - McKinley Tariff Act: It protected American businesses from foreign competitors and encouraged domestic companies to raise their prices. - Dependent Pension Act: This repaid Harrison's debt to Civil War veterans who proved critical in his election. - Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act: It imposed a system of competitive tests for the attainment of federal jobs.
How did the United States intervene in Chile?
- The CIA supported Chilean military efforts to oust a Marxist president. - The CIA gave money to the opponents of a Marxist candidate.
How did the Soviet development of nuclear weapons impact U.S. foreign policy?
- The United States began construction of a hydrogen bomb. - The United States and Soviet Union found themselves in a stalemate.
What effect did the Rosenberg trial have on the Red Scare?
- Truman's opponents were convinced he wasn't working hard enough to rid the country of Soviet spies. - It paved the way for McCarthyism. - Americans became fearful that there were Communist spies in America.
What effect did the Marshall Plan have on the cold war?
- Western European nations' economies became prosperous again. - Western European nations' governments became more stable.
How did the Korean War escalate? Put the events of the Korean War in chronological order.
- With the encouragement of the Soviet Union and Communist China, North Korean forces invade South Korea. - The UN Security Council endorses military intervention to preserve international peace and to remove North Korean troops from South Korea. - UN forces, led by General MacArthur, land at Inchon. - UN forces capture Pyongyang and move toward the Chinese border with North Korea. - China enters the war on behalf of the North Koreans. - Truman fires MacArthur. - The war ends with a truce between the opposing forces, leaving the peninsula divided roughly how it had been when the North Koreans launched their war effort.
During the 1980s, this epidemic ran rampant among gay men and intravenous drug users.
AIDS
Identify the industries that emerged in the New South and contributed to its diversification.
Correct Answer(s) - the textile industry - the tobacco industry - the coal industry - the logging industry Incorrect Answer(s) - the oil industry
Complete the passage below describing how Reagan gained the support of the business community.
Many corporations belonged to political action committees that supported pro-business candidates. Businesses did not support government involvement in the economy and opposed many liberal policies. Since Reagan was a conservative candidate, businesses agreed with his beliefs and supported his campaign.
Analyze the image below. What does it reveal about the tactics used by reformers in the 1960s?
Many groups seeking greater civil rights in the 1960s adopted the tactics of nonviolent civil disobedience used by early civil rights movement.
Complete the passage below describing how Reagan's presidency influenced liberal ideas and institutions.
- AFL-CIO - unions - feminism
Complete the following sentences describing Medicare and Medicaid.
- health insurance for senior citizens. - coverage of medical costs for the poor
Complete this passage about Kennedy's relationship with the African American community during his 1960 presidential campaign.
- won over - register - MLK - "dump ... in his lap"
"The prize we seek is to keep 8 million Russians [soldiers] in the war." What does this quotation reveal about the Allied war efforts?
Correct Answer(s) - Allied generals understood the necessity of keeping the Soviets in the war to divert German resources to the Eastern Front. - The conflict between the Soviets and the Germans helped minimize American wartime casualties, while simultaneously weakening German resistance.
How did the war create opportunities for African Americans in the United States?
Correct Answer(s) - Roosevelt agreed, albeit under political pressure, to attempt to abolish discriminatory hiring practices in the defense industry. - Hundreds of thousands of African Americans moved from the South to the West in pursuit of higher-paying military manufacturing jobs.
How did fundamentalism shape government policies?
Correct Answer(s) - ban on teaching evolution in many states - the passage of Prohibition - the arrest of John T. Scopes in Tennessee, which led to the Scopes Trial
Much as the New Deal ignored African Americans, it also ignored
Native Americans
perhaps one of the greatest catalysts to reform during the gilded age was the assassination of
president garfield
the philippines received their independence from the united states in what year
1946
Which of the following was not a common reaction to the tribulations of the Great Depression
A massive increase in membership in the Communist Party
What was a Hoover blanket?
A newspaper
This organization was created to assist Native Americans during the 1960s.
American Indian Movement
What was not a factor in the surging economy of the United States after WWII?
Decrease in federal taxes
In what region of the nation did women first gain full suffrage rights?
Left Side
The first real test of the Obama Doctrine came in
Libya
Immediately following the conclusion to World War I, the ____________ divided people in regards to immigration issues.
Red Scare
The biggest scandal of the Harding administration involved the
Teapot Dome
this group's convention experienced a riot in 1968
democrat
who did barack obama campaign against in 2008 for the democratic nomination for president
hillary clinton
spain refused to consider practicall all of the american demands concerning cuba before the united states declared war
false
The First New Deal lasted from
1933 to 1935
By 1935 the NRA had become unpopular
True
Warren G. Harding was shot by the assassin Charles Guiteau
False
______________________ was President Taft's use of the State Department to help American companies and banks invest in foreign countries.
"Dollar diplomacy"
Complete the passage below describing secret foreign missions conducted by the Eisenhower administration.
- "liberation" - Central Intelligence Agency - Guatemala - ousted - instability
The state that caused the 2000 election debacle was
Florida
How long did the conflict known as the Great War last?
From 1914 to 1918
In Indochina, the League for Independence of Vietnam was led by
Ho Chi Minh
Why did Truman replace MacArthur during the Korean War?
MacArthur was openly insubordinate.
Whites on the Hawaiian Islands were referred to as
haoles
anarchists oppose all forms of government
true
Which of the following groups had the highest rate of joblessness in the early years of the Great Depression
African Americans
During the cold war, this agency was used to influence world events.
CIA
Which of the following statements regarding married women during the Great Depression is correct?
Married women luckily always had employed husbands to take care of them
Who won the presidential election of 1968?
Richard Nixon
Who did not run as a candidate for president in 2000?
Ross Perot
president nixon's new federalism plan promoted
sending federal monies to the states to spend as they saw fit
The Townsend Plan targeted which segment of the American population to aid during the Great Depression?
Senior citizens
thanks to this man's invention steel became substantially cheaper to make
henry bessemer
in may 1947, charges were issued at this entity as a hotbed of communism
hollywood
the largest group employed in factories during the gilded age was
immigrants
what helped the sexual revolution grow in the 1960s?
the birth control pill was approved by the FDA
How did the Red Scare affect American civil liberties?
The government passed laws or pursued policies that limited free speech in order to fight communism.
this man created the united states first billion-dollar corporation
j.p. morgan
the father of eisenhower's policy of massive retaliation was
john f. dulles
eugene v. debs and the ______________ became famous during the ______________
american railway union, pullman strike
The commander of the German forces at Normandy who was at home during the invasion was
Erwin Rommel
The bracero program sought to restore the military and economic alliance that had existed between America and various countries in East Asia before the Second World War.
False
Analyze the advertisement below. Improvements in industrial processes resulted in the mass production of consumer goods during the latter half of the nineteenth century, and in turn drove a dramatic rise in corporate expenditure on advertising.
True
Despite success in reforming the political system, progressives failed to adequately regulate big business in the 1890s.
True
The greatest social movement in the United States in the 20th century was
civil rights
in 1883, the united states supreme court ruled that the _____________ was unconstitutional
civil rights acts of 1875
Identify the impacts of the Dust Bowl that took place in the 1930s.
Correct Answer(s) - It had a severe impact on the agricultural industry in the Midwest and the Mississippi Valley, as crops died and farmers could no longer afford their property. - It was the result of a severe drought, which led an extraordinary amount of topsoil to engulf farms and towns.
President Cleveland's decision to support the gold standard
destroyed his chance for a second term.
which of the following statements regarding theodore roosevelt is untrue
he had no interest in politics before running for the vice presidency
what was an early success of president carter's?
he reduced the white house staff by a third
The end of Richard Nixon's presidency came when
he resigned from office
in 1949, the chinese nationalist government fled to
taiwan
Which of the following was a result of Nixon's policy of détente with the Soviet Union?
- The United States and Soviet Union signed the successful Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. - Relations with the Soviet Union gradually improved until the end of the Cold War.
How did each of the following events influence Bush's presidency?
- economic recession: area of Bush's failings that Clinton exploited during the 1992 election - Operation Desert Storm: • improved Bush's approval ratings in the short term • provided a source of criticism during the 1992 election - Reaganomics: created a massive national debt and a recession
With the signing of the Treaty of _________________ Russia ended its involvement in the Great War.
Brest-Litovsk
After the United States took control of the Philippines, ______________ became the official language.
English
Which of the following was not passed during President Nixon's administration?
Equal rights amendment
In the decision of Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of Charles T. Schenck for distributing leaflets that contained anti-war material, on the basis that the Espionage and Sedition Acts violated Schenck's First Amendment right to free speech.
False
Reformers achieved national legal protections for gay and lesbian Americans during the sexual revolution.
False
T/F: Hemingway published his first novel, The Sun Also Rises, in 1922.
False
Which of the following countries had the highest casualties during the Great War?
Germany
The statement that the United States "cannot—and will not—conceive of all the plans, design all the programs, execute all the decisions, and undertake all the defense of the free nations of the world" is known as the
Nixon Doctrine
on average how many british soldiers died daily in the great war?
1800
What made the election of 2000 controversial?
The Supreme Court intervened to decide the election.
In 1895, historian Brooks Adams argued that for the United States to survive and thrive, it had to
expand beyond its current borders.
in his inaugurla address, president franklin roosevelt outlined what he called his _________, which stated that no nation had the right to intervene with another nation's matters
good neighbor policy
populism was based on the idea that
the common man should have more of a say in politics
How did the woman suffrage movement evolve? Put the following events in chronological order to illustrate how the movement changed over time.
- Wyoming Territory extends equal voting rights to women. - The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) is formed. - Nine western states grant women full suffrage rights. - New York allows women to vote in all elections.
Identify the site of the first conflict between the Soviet Union and United States during the cold war.
Berlin
Which descriptions best characterize President Harding's administration and legacy?
Correct Answer(s) - Harding's administration was marred by scandals. - Harding rejected progressivism.
Analyze the image of government inspectors. Bad meat. Which of the statements does it support about progressivism?
Correct Answer(s) - Progressives believed in the regulation of the economy to promote the public well-being. - Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle (1906) was an example of effective progressive muckraking that spurred government action. Incorrect Answer(s) - Progressives believed that key institutions like meatpacking facilities should be run by the government. - Roosevelt sought to break up monopolies.
How did the modernist fixation on abstraction and relativity influence culture in America?
Correct Answer(s) - The Armory Show made modern art extremely popular with some critics and members of the public. - It spawned debate among Americans regarding the nature of "reality." - Many critics disapproved of the abstract nature of modern art.
How did the role of the federal government change under Roosevelt?
Correct Answer(s) - The government became responsible for ensuring a minimum quality of life for Americans. - The government became responsible for reg- ulating the economy and ensuring stability.
Jazz music inspired rural youth to remember their culture's musical roots
False
The Watergate scandal and Nixon's subsequent pardon by President Ford validated Nixon's idea of "executive privilege."
False
The majority of the American troops who died during World War I died in combat.
False
The new generation of African Americans born after the Civil War were much more submissive than their parents, fearful that any transgression would spur the resurgence of slave labor.
False
The postwar era witnessed tremendous economic depression and failing social contentment
False
The promises the Americans, the British, and the Soviets made during the Yalta Conference helped maintain peace between the United States and Soviet Union during the cold war.
False
There was little to no ethnic tension among miners in boomtowns across the American West and Southwest, as the mining industry was solely concentrated on profits. As a result, a meritocracy emerged among miners.
False
Though the economy was soaring by 1927 as a result of consumer spending, investments into the stock market were beginning to slow.
False
Complete the passage below describing how music influenced the counterculture movement.
Folk musicians were heroes in the youth revolt. In 1969, the outdoor music festival Woodstock, located in Bethel, New York, attracted thousands of members of the counterculture, also referred to as "flower children," to its rural acres. The festival expressed the values of peace and love through folk music and psychedelic "acid rock".
Complete the passage below describing how the Vietnam War ended.
Following the signing of the Paris Peace Accords, U.S. combat troops began to leave Vietnam. Soon after, the cease-fire between North and South Vietnam fell apart. In 1975 North Vietnam invaded its neighbor and quickly captured Saigon.
In a devastated South, many white southerners began to romanticize the Old South and embrace the idea of the "Lost Cause." How did this nostalgia effect the creation of a so-called New South?
The "Lost Cause" was a view of southerners during the Civil War as righteous defenders of their homeland and culture against northern aggression.
For a $10 million down payment, the Roosevelt administration arranged the use in perpetuity of
The Panama Canal.
Rising home values and inflation prompted conservative backlash in California and other states.
True
Roosevelt used the power of the federal government and the military to end strikes, despite questions surrounding the constitutionality of such action.
True
a common occurrence during the gilded age of politics was that members of congress often
accepted bribes
during the 1980's
americans spent more than they made
The purpose of the Works Progress Administration was to
employ out of work Americans
hemingway published his first novel, the sun also rises, in 1922
false
President Nixon's greatest success came in the field of
foreign policy
president cleveland's decision to support the gold standard
fractured the democrat party into pro-gold, pro- silver wings
this individual was the most requested speaker during the 1950s because of his promotion of the "good news" and his book of Positive Thinking
norman vincent peale
which of the following religous groups was particularly supportive of the war of 1898
protestants
The Taft-Harley Act of 1947 allowed state legislatures to make their state a _________ state.
right-to-work
in the 1950s, the most popular new household product was the television
true
israel's creation in 1940 was followed immediately by a war with its arab neighbors
true
To protect their companies from becoming union shops, owners often employed the __________ contract.
yellow dog
During the Eisenhower administration, all but which one of the following were desegregated in Washington, D.C.?
Schools
Which of the following was not part of the mass culture craze of the 1920's
Televisions
During the Progressive Era, what was the most popular form of reform?
Temperance
Which of the following statement's regarding President Wilson's Fourteen Points is incorrect?
The Fourteen Points called for racial equality.
in the presidential contest of 1900 roosevelt's enemies the democrats claimed that the philippine conflict was
a splendid little war
his account of the salem witch trials in massachusetts was really an allegory for the mccarthy hearings
arthur miller
Henry Ford revolutionized the industrial process by perfecting the
assembly line process
The Foran Act made it illegal for federal or state government workers to join labor unions
false
congress narrowly defeated president johns request in 1964 for authorizatino to take all necessary measures to prevent further aggression from vietnam
false
president nixon strongly supported court efforts to school desegregation
false
open door policy of stated that china should remain open to european and american trade
john hay
In 1952, President Truman fired 250 employees of the IRS because
of corruption charges
hoover was a member of which political party?
republican
the cash crop that made hawaii valuable to the united states was
sugar cane
what new method of governing cities was first implemented in galveston, texas, after a hurricane destroyed the city
the commission system
the biggest problem facing george h. w. bush when he became president was
the debt
what was a reason that married women were offered less pay during the gilded age?
their husbands supported them
at the battle of _____________ the threat of Japan seizing Australia was ended
the coral sea
Complete the passage below describing farmers in the post-Civil War United States.
Between the end of the Civil War and the turn of the century, both the South and the West experienced major economic shifts. The rise of bonanza farms in the West changed the nature of farming by driving numerous homestead farmers out of business. These former farmers often became wage laborers, who experienced working conditions similar to those of sharecroppers in the South.
What criticism of the New Deal did supporters of the Townsend Plan and the Share-the-Wealth Society have in common?
Both programs called for far greater income redistribution from the wealthy to the poor than New Deal programs.
This program allowed Mexican workers to serve as migrant workers during harvest season.
Bracero
Identify the Dawes Severalty Act and its repercussions for Native Americans.
Considered a reform measure, this act of Congress tried to "Americanize" Native Americans living on reservations by giving each family 160 acres for farming.
Analyze the cartoon below. The image could be used as evidence for which of the following historical arguments about late nineteenth-century America?
Correct Answer(s) - America in the late nineteenth century was increasingly diverse as the result of the arrival of the Chinese and "new" immigrants from Europe. - Chinese immigrants were the first group to be subject to race-based immigration restrictions. - Many native-born Americans believed immigrants should adopt American culture and values and eventually assimilate into American society. Incorrect Answer(s) - Only Chinese immigrants faced any form of discrimination.
After the Spanish-American War, the United States adopted the Open Door policy toward China. This pronouncement included which of the following goals?
Correct Answer(s) - China would remain territorially intact and independent. - All nations should have access to Chinese markets. Incorrect Answer(s) - China would be reserved for European colonization, but the Japanese would be denied any territory. - The United States would gain a colony in China.
Identify the impact that both buying on credit and the invention of layaway had on the development of a consumer culture.
Correct Answer(s) - Installment plans and layaway buying encouraged instant gratification. - Consumer debt grew considerably in the United States as many Americans purchased items on installment plans.
When President Franklin D. Roosevelt died in office, he was succeeded by
Harry S. Truman
Compare Kennedy's and Johnson's motivations for escalating U.S. military involvement in Vietnam
Johnson - near-unanimous congressional approval of Tonkin Gulf Resolution - potential political backlash for abandoning Vietnam - fear of the United States appearing weak abroad - Truman Doctrine Kennedy - Truman Doctrine - potential political backlash for abandoning Vietnam
Complete the passage below to describe how the Women's Christian Temperance Union, which was led by Frances Willard from 1879 to 1898, and other temperance organizations evolved over time.
Many progressive women believed alcohol caused crime, political corruption, and domestic violence. The temperance movement initially sought to encourage responsible drinking. Eventually, women formed the Anti-Saloon League, which, along with the WCTU, championed the national prohibition of alcohol. Congress eventually approved a constitutional amendment that prohibited alcohol.
What impact did the extension of rail lines have on the farmers and ranchers of the West?
It transformed the region by allowing large shipments of western cattle and grains to be transported over long distances and sold in the East.
Why was the American Federation of Labor created, and how did it deviate from other labor organizations?
It was a federation of craft unions that focused on concrete economic gains—higher wages, shorter hours, better working conditions—and avoided utopian ideas or politics.
Describe the strategy of "massive retaliation" formulated by President Eisenhower and Secretary of State Dulles as a way of avoiding increased military costs.
It was a strategy that employed the threat of nuclear warfare as a way to prevent Communist aggression.
The "father" of Eisenhower's policy of massive retaliation was
John F. Dulles
"Open Door" policy of _________________ stated that China should remain open to European and American trade.
John Hay
Who was arrested for helping smuggle atomic bomb plans to the Soviets?
Julius Rosenberg
The __________ allowed the president to provide military aid to any nation that he deemed needed it.
Lend-Lease Bill
After the end of the Great War, unemployment and consumer goods' prices both
Rose a lot
In 1940, FDR
Called for an increase in the US military forces, so that if war came, we would be prepared
because of his behavior, president truman fired this general during the korean war
douglas macarthur
In 1971, Nixon imposed wage and price controls in an effort to curb inflation
True
In an effort to limit domestic unrest, Nixon undertook the "Vietnamization" of war. This policy resulted in a reduction in the number of U.S. combat personnel serving in Vietnam.
True
Complete the passage below describing how Hurricane Katrina hurt the Republican cause.
The federal government's response to Katrina was ineffective as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was not prepared for such a big disaster. The public disapproved of Bush's response to the hurricane. In the 2006 election, Democrats won control of Congress as well as several state governments.
In 1989, the Soviet Union pulled out of
Afghanistan
the troubled asset relief program was aimed at assisting ailing
banks
according to the lecture, _____________ generates opportunity
infrastructure
How did Bush react to the 1991 Communist Coup?
Bush refused to support the new government and maintained support for Boris Yeltsin and Gorbachev.
Complete the passage below describing the effect of Bush's presidency on the 2008 election.
Bush's many failures weakened the Republican party. His poor response to Hurricane Katrina, the continuing war in Iraq, and the Great Recession undermined public support for the party. Americans responded well to Barack Obama's message of hope and unity. In 2008, Democrats won majorities in Congress and Obama was elected president.
How did Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath speak to the experiences of many Americans during the Great Depression?
Correct Answer(s) - It depicted the plight of those who had to leave their homes to travel to the Far West in search of work when farming became impossible in the Dust Bowl. - It depicted the disgrace a poor woman felt after she accepted relief from a charitable institution. - It illustrated the general shame felt by all classes of Americans in need of relief funds.
according to the lecture, which of he following is not a part of infrastructure?
business
according to the lecture, as businesses became more efficient, worker satisfaction also always increased
false
at the end of his administration, president eisenhower
had retained most of the new deal's programs
The first author to illustrate the increasing feeling of anxiety in the United States after WWII was
John Galbraith
According to your textbook, the most scandalous event in the history of American art occured at
The Armory Show in 1913
to help finance the war, congress
passed the revenue act
Between 1997 and 2006, home prices rose very impressively in Sunbelt states
true
according to the lecture, which of the following is the correct order?
telegraph, telephone, radio, movies
Stokely Carmichael is best associated with
the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
what event helped the united states defeat the japanese at midway?
the japanese military code had been deciphered by the americans
why was warren g. harding selected to represent the republican party in the 1920 election?
the republican party could not agree on anyone else
the term sewards folly applies to
the united states acquisition of alaska in 1867
according to the lecture, by the later 1800s the united states was seeking new markets in which to sell our manufactured goods
true
according to the lecture, the first time that people could move faster than the speed of a horse on land was with the introduction of the train
true
The movement of more than 400,000 southern blacks to northern cities during the war and through the 1920s was known as the
Great Migration
How did the American policymakers' assumptions about the Korean conflict affect American foreign policy?
- Truman began assisting French troops fighting a Communist insurgency in Indochina. - Truman ordered a major military buildup of American forces in western Europe.
What was the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, and what piece of misleading information served as its basis?
- gave the president unlimited authority in defense of U.S. forces abroad - based on Johnson's false account of the Tonkin Gulf incident as a Viet Cong attack
Complete the passage below describing a popular social group that emerged in the fifties.
- rebellious - conformity - Beats - authentic - originality - sexist
What did the Revenue Act of 1964 accomplish, and how did it impact the success of future War on Poverty reforms?
- reduced tax rates by 20 percent - increased corporate profits - stimulated tax revenue for anti-poverty programs - increased consumer spending
By 1932, how many Americans were out of work as a result of the Great Depression?
1 in 4
How did the concept of manifest destiny change during the post-Civil War era?
An increasing number of American policy makers and scholars began advocating for the United States to assert control over the Asia-Pacific region, while continuing to avoid conflicts in Europe.
The computer company Microsoft is best associated with
Bill Gates
When President Harding died, he was replaced
Calvin Coolidge
With its victory in the Spanish-American War of 1898, and its annexation of the Philippine, Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islands, American foreign policy began attempting to influence developments in what Asian country?
China
Which of the following represent progressive policies that Taft successfully enforced during his presidency?
Correct Answer(s) - Bureau of Mines - the breakup of the Standard Oil Company - Mann-Elkins Act Incorrect Answer(s) - Ballinger-Pinchot controversy - Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Identify the arguments made by Charles Darwin in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species.
Correct Answer(s) - Certain characteristics of natural history can be identified through fossils. - Offspring who survive do so because they enjoy favorable characteristics. - Most organisms generate more offspring than are able to survive. Incorrect Answer(s) - Modern species evolved from more complex life forms through evolution.
What effects did the 1875 reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Hawaii have on the Hawaiian social hierarchy?
Correct Answer(s) - The treaty dramatically increased sugar production. - The introduction of smallpox significantly reduced the size of the native population. - It led to the development of a white American economic elite. Incorrect Answer(s) - The previously monarchical island kingdom fully embraced democracy.
Who was placed in command of the US forces in Korea during the Korean War?
Douglas MacArthur
To prevent racial integration from occurring at the University of Alabama, Governor ________ blocked the door to the institution
George Wallace
France and England tried to repay their World War I debts to the United States by collecting reparations from
Germany
During the Great War, what countries made up the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
As Chancellor, Hitler created a secret police force known as
Gestapo
Complete the passage below describing the strategies that the Standard Oil Corporation employed to circumvent state regulations against monopolistic practices.
In the 1870s, Standard Oil bought out so many of its competitors that state lawmakers drafted legislation to inhibit its monopolistic practices. In response, John D. Rockefeller organized the Standard Oil Trust. This practice enabled larger corporations to control smaller businesses without a direct ownership stake.
How did the cold war change in 1949?
The Soviets detonated a nuclear bomb
as late as 1900 most new york city residents were still native-born americans
false
During the Great War, Wilson's administration organized the sale of ________, which guaranteed a fixed rate of return to fund the war
liberty bonds
the new immigrants that arrived after 1890 to the united states were not primarily
protestant
in the republican nomination speech, richard nixon appealed to a group called
the silent majority
advocates of a new south believed that
the south needed to embrace new technologies
barry goldwater opposed the civil rights act of 1964
true
bush clinced re-election in 2004 by carrying the electoral votes of ohio
true
by 1900 lumbering in the south had surpassed in textiles in value
true
despite his support from the religious right, reagan as president did not restore prayer to public schools
true
according to the lecture, if john rockefeller was worried that he wouldn't be able to get oil delivered to his factories so he went out and bought oil drilling companies this would be a
vertical integration
one of the ways politics in the gilded age was different than today was that
voters voted for the same party, year after year, regardless of the candidate
frederick jackson turner's frontier thesis ignored all of the following groups except
white men
the father of the muckrakers, and their style of writing could be considered
samuel mcclure
fears of revolution were so widespread in post war america that the u.s. attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by
j. edgar hoover
the first african american to play baseball for a major league team was
jackie robinson
all of the following were common problems for homesteaders on the great plains except
forest fires
The first large scale federal experiment with work relief was
the CWA
the roaring twenties pitted a cosmopolitan urban america against the values of an insular, rural america
true
Between 1931 and 1932, Japan quickly occupied and then annexed the province of Manchuria in China. This event initiated what would ultimately become the Sino-Japanese War. Which of the following was most significant in facilitating the successes of this Japanese military action?
The Japanese invasion coincided with the Chinese civil war between Mao Zedong's Communist forces and Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalists.
The author of the infamous de Lôme letter was Depuy de Lôme. Who was he?
The Spanish ambassador to the United States
Identify the "great silent majority" that Nixon appealed to when he spoke of promises to bring "law and order" to a nation overflowing with "violence, lawlessness, and permissiveness."
- southern white Democrats - working- and middle-class whites
The following image illustrates which of the following changes that took place in American society during the 1950s?
- the growth of American consumerism centered on the home - television watching becoming the most common American leisure activity
The so called Arabic Pledge involved Wilson's stand to stop North Africa's fall into chaos during the war
Fals
President George W. Bush gave control of the Iraq's oil supply as one major reason for the 2003 invasion
False
President Nixon strongly supported court efforts to complete school desegregation.
False
The Iran-Contra affair revealed that the Reagan administration was secretly channeling funds it secured by selling arms to Iran to fund research on the Strategic Defense Initiative, an anti-missile program that Congress had explicitly abolished, as it violated previous arms limitation treaties with the Soviet Union.
False
The U.S. military intervention in Panama during Bush's presidency was a continuation of President Reagan's efforts to halt the expansion of communism in Central America.
False
Within days of U.S withdrawal, the cease-fire in Vietnam collapsed.
False
president lyndon johnson declared a war on
poverty
What was responsible for inflating the currency during the McKinley administration even in the midst of President McKinley signing legislation into law ensuring that the U.S. money supply would be exclusively based on gold?
Gold was discovered in South Africa, parts of Canada, and Alaska.
a rebirth of women's movement in the 1960s focused on
feminism
Identify the factors that were blamed for the rise of teen delinquency during the fifties.
- the emergence of rock 'n' roll as a popular music form, which had the ability to bring together various cultures and races - the increased popularity of Elvis Presley, who was said to be leading adolescents in a social revolt - the increased access to the automobile, which provided teenagers greater overall freedom from parental supervision
why did the united states embargo oil to japan in the early 1940s
japans aggression on east asia and specifically japans acquisition of french indo china
by 1900, ________ of college students were women
one third
What impact did the stock market crash of 1929 have on the American economy?
Correct Answer(s) - It exposed the shaky foundations of the 1920s economy. - It led to a widespread panic that deepened the economic crisis.
What was the objective of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff, and how did this bill contribute to the Great Depression?
Correct Answer(s) - The tariff prompted numerous countries to steer their exports away from the United States and imposed obstacles to selling American goods abroad. - It sought to aid the struggling agricultural sector and other industries by eliminating foreign competition.
President Obama appointed _________,who would be the first African American attorney general
Eric Holder
in germany, a bloody revolution brought the destruction of the berlin wall
false
history is the distillation of the past into a critically sound description and analysis understandable to a modern audience
true
during reagan's administrations, this department was given a blank check to purchase whatever they needed
defense
as chancellor, hitler created a secret police force known as
gestapo
president trumans domestic policy was called the
fair deal
Identify why Obama withdrew U.S. forces from Iraq.
Obama saw the war as counterproductive and too costly both in human and financial terms.
How did the Camp David Accords influence the politics of the Middle East?
The Camp David Accords marked the first time an Arab nation officially recognized the existence of Israel.
The counterculture encouraged "dropping out" of conventional society and replacing it with a free, loving culture that embraced a lack of political and governmental structure.
True
The results of the 1968 presidential election, as depicted in this election map, demonstrate that the Democratic Party lost significant support in the South.
True
because of their belief in "freedom of the seas," the british allowed americans to trade with germany
false
henry cabot lodge was one of the biggest supporters of the league of nations
false
in the closing days of world war II, truman threated to bomb the soviets if they did not abandon Poland
false
the strategic bombing of europe in 1943 and 1944 completely and utterly devastated German industrial production
false
President Nixon's plan of removing U.S. troops from Vietnam was called
Vietnamization
eugene v debs and the became famous during the
american railway union, pullman strike
which of the following was the u.s. not a world leader in by 1900?
gold
who wrote letter from birmingham city jail while incarcerated for participating in a civil rights demonstration
martin luther king jr.
theodore roosevelt's nickname during the 1900 presidential campaign was
mr. imperialism
According to progressives, what was the main source of the crisis facing the United States?
powerful corporations
________________ are the payment of money for war damages
reparations
during this event, israel routed the armies of three invading armies, egypt, syria, and jordan
six-day war
During the Gilded Age, temperance organizations were best associated with
the Republican party.
before the civil war, americans referred to the area between california and the mississippi river as
the great american desert
one of the major downsides of urban dwelling during the gilded age was
the lack of space forced homes to be too expensive to purchase for most people
how did the wilson administration use women to aid the war effort?
they were told to take on jobs previously held by men
what book brought to light the abuses in the united states meatpacking industry in the early 20th century?
upton sinclair's the jungle
Describe Eisenhower's "falling domino" theory.
- This analogy was used to describe how quickly communism would spread once it infiltrated a nation. - The "falling domino" theory incorrectly assumed communism to be a single, massive, and unified worldwide movement directed by the U.S.S.R.
Complete this passage about the legacy of Johnson's Great Society.
- Vietnam War - Medicare and Medicaid - elderly Americans - middle
Why didn't the United States directly confront the Soviet Union militarily after World War II?
American leaders believed that a policy of containment would eventually cause Soviet communism to collapse from within.
The Twenty-First Amendment, passed in 1933 allowed
Americans to drink alcohol again
General Douglas MacArthur developed the "leapfrogging" strategy, whereby U.S. forces avoided invading strategically unimportant islands, and instead exclusively bombed and shelled them using air- and seapower. This strategy enabled U.S. military strategists to minimize unnecessary American casualties, while cutting off Japanese supply lines.
True
j. strom thurmond was from new york
false
the sinking of the lusitania was the immediate cause of US entry into WWI
false
the united states entered WWII on september 1, 1939
false
the zimmermann telegram, sent to the mexican government from the white house, was intercepted by the germans
false
miners were drawn to nevadas comstock lode by the discovery of ___________ there in the 1850s
gold
what was a major reason that jimmy carter won the presidency in 1976
he convinced voters he was incorruptible
when one company buys or forces out all of their competitors, it is participating in
horizontal integration
what was the progressive approach to social problems?
investigate, educate, legistlate
Identify the basic characteristic of jazz music that made it unique from other popular music genres in the 1920s.
involved spontaneous improvisation
during the collapse of the soviet union, which of the following did president george h. w. bush not do?
launch a pre-emptive strike into russia to destroy their nuclear capability
what landmark piece of president carter's administration was referred to as being "nibbled to death by ducks"?
national energy act
much as the new deal ignored african americans, it also ignored
native americans??
a person who opposed immigration in the 1920s because it would dilute what is "meant to be an american" would be subscribing to what type of viewpoint
nativisim
what increased the anti-war protests in the fall of 1969
nixon's increased air war
Nixon abused his presidential powers during the Watergate affair by
ordering the CIA to confuse the FBI about the case
president reagan planned on beating the russians in the cold war by
overwhelming them both financially and militarily
the united states attacked which central american country in 1989 to capture their president and drug dealer?
panama
because of the excesses of the gilded age, a major period of occurred to
reform, counter
Whereas Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism plan wanted to ________ trusts, Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom plan wanted to _______ them.
regulate; eliminate
because of the rising number of immigrants in the united states, this political party found itself becoming a minority party
republican
hoover was a member of what political party?
republican
The purpose of the Emergency Banking Relief Act was to
restore confidence in American Banks
the hawaiian ruler queen liluokalani tried to do what in the early 1890s
restrict the growing political power of america in the islands
the first president to travel to communist china was
richard nixon
who won the presidential election of 1968
richard nixon
your textbook asserts that all of the following were indications of the weakening american economy at the end of the 1920s except
rising automobile sales
which of the following was NOt one of the reasons Hitler gave for the german expansion and war
rubber production
what was not a cause of the changes in recreation and leisure in the gilded age?
sanitation improvements
which political party ran as a third party in the 1912 election?
socialist
in the cities, what helped spur the development of professional sporting events?
streetcars
what did secretary of state james byrnes try to use as leverage to force the soviets to honor their agreements after world war II
the united states possession of atomic bombs
The groups behind the YWCA and YMCA created the programs because
they believed that Christianity had gotten too far from the lower economic classes.
why were the russians not concerned about the threat of nuclear war with the united states
they had spies providing them information to build their own nuclear weapons
The Strategic Defense initiative was also known as "Star Wars"
true
when AIDs emerged in the 1980s, many of the reagan administration viewed it as a gay disease
true
president argued that the united states must intervene to stabilize weak governments in the wester hemisphere to keep european nations from doing so
wilson
Complete the passage below describing the impact of the Soviet blockade of Berlin on the cold war.
- Berlin airlift - victory - North Atlantic Treaty Organization - resist the spread of communism in western Europe - West
How did Nixon's draft policies slow the momentum of the anti-war movement?
- Nixon eliminated the draft. - Nixon created a draft lottery.
Nixon and Kissinger worked to ease relations with China and the Soviet Union. Put the following events in chronological order.
- Nixon visited China. - Nixon visited the Soviet Union. - Nixon and Brezhnev signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. - Kissinger visited Moscow.
What trend did the Pentagon Papers reveal?
- Nixon's affinity for secrecy - the growing power of the executive branch
Which of the following helped the Hispanic rights movement succeed?
- Nonviolent demonstrations and strong alliances with labor and religious groups helped gain media attention. - Hispanics were a growing minority group in the United States.
What steps did Reagan take to end the Cold War? Put the events leading up to the end of the Cold War in chronological order.
- Reagan begins a massive military buildup. - Reagan authorizes the development of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). - The United States and Soviet Union sign the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Agreement. - Reagan calls for Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
What was Johnson's initial approach to the war in Vietnam?
- continue his predecessors' strategy of minimum involvement
according to the the frontier era of american development had ended
1890 national census
in what year did the united states sign a treaty to end its involvement in WWI?
1920
Ratified in 1920, the __________ rewarded women who had worked so hard during the Great War with the right to vote
19th Amendment
President Roosevelt faced four major challenged when he first took office. They included all of the following except?
Aiding European governments abroad.
President Wilson said, "It is not the army we must train and shape for war, it is a nation." What does this quotation illustrate about America's readiness for war?
Americans needed to prepare to make sacrifices on the home front as industries were converted to meet the supply needs of the armed forces.
Which of the following statements reveals the impact of the Great Depression on families?
Correct Answer(s) - Birth rates decreased. - Divorce rates declined as couples could not afford to live separately or pay the legal fees to separate.
Which of the following policies reflects President Coolidge's departure from progressivism, which he supported while a state senator in Massachusetts?
Correct Answer(s) - Coolidge refrained from passing much legislation. - Coolidge was a fiscal conservative.
American territorial expansion in the Pacific gave its navy greater influence and merchants greater access to markets in Asia. Which of the following territories in the Pacific did the United States annex or colonize in the last few years of the nineteenth century?
Correct Answer(s) - the Hawaiian Islands - Guam - Wake Island - the Samoan Islands - the Philippines Islands Incorrect Answer(s) - Taiwan - Solomon Islands
Identify the various developments in the West that altered perceptions of the frontier and convinced Americans of the region's profitability after the Civil War.
Correct Answer(s) - the completion of the transcontinental railroad's expansion into the West - the breakdown of Native American defiance - the western cattle boom that engrossed the region - the discovery of vital minerals, such as gold and silver Incorrect Answer(s) - the success Native Americans demonstrated in producing wheat in the Great Plains
Analyze the painting below. Which of the following cultural and social movements of the 1920s are evident in Guy Pène Du Bois's Night Club (1933)?
Correct Answer(s) - the rise of "Jazz Age" night clubs - the flappers' style - the loneliness and alienation that were typical of the Lost Generation
What were some of the changes to the southern economy that were advocated by supporters of the New South?
Correct Answer(s) - the use of more efficient farming techniques and technology on southern farms - the development of an industrial sector within the southern economy - the expansion of greater economic diversity Incorrect Answer(s) - the discontinuation of cotton production in favor of a more industrial economy - the abolition of racial hierarchy between whites and blacks
During the early period of the Great Depression, millions of Americans suffered through which of the following experiences?
Correct Answer(s) - unemployment - hunger - homelessness
Fear of foreign terrorists and radicalism led to the ___________ at the end of the 1910s.
First Red Scare
How did Ford's domestic policies affect the economy?
Ford's reluctance to reduce taxes and increase spending plunged the economy further into recession.
Although publicly President Wilson urged Americans to remain neutral regarding the Great War, he personally favored
Great Britain and France
Which of the following statements regarding Theodore Roosevelt is untrue?
He had no interest in politics before running for the vice presidency.
Which of the following statements regarding the War Industries Board is incorrect?
I could force workers to work in specific factories
What was not a cause of the changes in recreation and leisure in the Gilded Age?
Immigration
During the Great War, African American men fought
In racially segregated units
How did Reagan's desire to end the Cold War influence the economy at the beginning of his first term?
Increased military spending led to larger federal budget deficits, which helped to stimulate the nation's economy by the end of his first term.
How did each of the following measures improve the democratic process?
Initiative - allowed voters to create petitions to add proposals to the ballot Recall - allowed voters to remove corrupt officials from office Direct Primary - allowed everyone in a party to vote in primary elections Referendum - allowed voters to vote on proposals created by citizens Seventeenth Amendment - allowed the people to elect senators directly
The first author to illustrate the increasing feeling of anxiety in the United States after World War II was
John Galbraith
Who is best associated with the Second Red Scare's hunt for communists?
Joseph McCarthy
How did most Americans react to the new agencies and laws designed to fight terrorism?
Most Americans supported such measures because they were afraid of terrorists.
A person who opposed immigration in the 1920s because it would dilute what it "meant to be a American" would be subscribing to what type of viewpoint?
Nativism
This power meant that those newly elected could appoint people to jobs in their sphere of authority.
Patronage
Complete the passage below describing the ultimate effect of Reagan's tax cuts on the economy.
Reagan's tax cuts encouraged increased spending from consumers. They also increased the federal debt and nearly led the country into a recession. Investor confidence was very low after stock prices fell in 1987.
_____________ are the payment of money for war damages.
Reparations
Complete the passage below to describe events leading to the formation of the Progressive party.
Roosevelt was angry with Taft's policies and developed a set of principles known as New Nationalism. Roosevelt tried to win the Republican nomination for president in 1912. When the party chose Taft as its candidate, Roosevelt and his supporters formed a party with progressive goals such as women's suffrage, a minimum wage, and other social reforms.
Why did Roosevelt's progressive policies anger lumber companies?
Roosevelt's environmental conservation movement upset lumber companies because it prevented them from logging in certain areas.
The _______________________ were a special regiment made up of good shots and good riders that Theodore Roosevelt joined during the War of 1898.
Rough riders
Republican Protestants during the Gilded Age had a tendency to consider __________ the central social evil in the United States.
Saloons
Before becoming president, Ronald Reagan was governor of which state?
Texas
Complete the passage below describing how Native American reformers achieved success.
The American Indian Movement used violent confrontation and peaceful protests, such as the Trail of Broke Treaties caravan, to promote Red Power. After the Sioux occupation of Wounded Knee the government re-examined Native American treaties. Native Americans shifted tactics and used the court system to get the attention of the government. Ultimately, many Native Americans were successful in getting the courts to award monetary compensation for their lost lands.
What was the executive order issued by Truman to ensure there were no communists or their associates in the United States government called?
The Loyalty Order
______________ killed roughly 100 million people worldwide in 1918.
The Spanish flu
What was the immediate cause of the outbreak of the Great War?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The United States and the Philippines were at war with each other for how many years at the turn of the 19th century?
Three years
Americans had strong economic ties with the Spanish colony of Cuba before the Spanish-American War, which made many of them anxious that the Cuban rebellion might endanger these investments.
True
As president, Warren G. Harding was actually more progressive than Woodrow Wilson in his attitudes and policies toward African Americans
True
Bill Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives
True
Breaking with both Progressives and those who favored intense economic competition, Herbert Hoover believed that businesses needed to cooperate to make the economy function efficiently.
True
Castro's Cuba was the greatest foreign policy embarrassment for the Eisenhower administration
True
Kennedy's New Frontier domestic program included increased federal aid to education, medical insurance for the elderly, and anti-poverty initiatives—three major proposals that were all blocked in Congress.
True
Kissinger was unsuccessful in finding a permanent solution for peace in the Middle East, although his "shuttle diplomacy" was responsible for ending the Yom Kippur War.
True
Obama's decision to negotiate with Iran and Syria regarding weapons of mass destruction, as well as his use of airpower in Iraq against ISIS, reflected his shifting policy priorities aimed at reducing the U.S. role in the Middle East.
True
Operation Overlord included the largest seaborne invasion in history, which succeeded in part because it took the German defenders largely by surprise.
True
President Ford vetoed more bills than any previous president.
True
T/F: Although Warren G. Harding presided over what can be argued as the most corrupt administration in American history, he was never personally linked to any official wrongdoing.
True
T/F: During the 1920s, the ideas of scientists about the nature of the universe inspired modernist artists to try new techniques.
True
T/F: In March 1917, German submarines sank five U.S. vessels in the North Atlantic
True
The 2012 election proved that President Obama's policy priorities appealed to minority voters far more than those of the Republican party candidate Mitt Romney.
True
The Granger movement subsided and was largely replaced by the Farmers' Alliances as the latter focused more on political action and increasing the power of farmers nationally, in addition to the social and educational functions of the Granger movement.
True
The Ku Klux Klan found nationwide success by targeting regional prejudices and exerted a deep influence on politics in states across the country.
True
The NAACP sought to stop lynching, which was still a commonly accepted form of vigilante racist violence in many areas of the nation.
True
The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact helped lead Britain and France to declare war on Germany.
True
The Reagan Doctrine mandated that the United States lend support to dictatorships as long as they were pro-American and anti-Soviet.
True
The steady decline in the price of cotton failed to incentivize farmers to stop producing the less profitable crop.
True
The transition of the U.S. economy from a peacetime economy to a wartime economy was such a significant change that production in entire industries was put on hold to divert resources to the war effort.
True
Truman was able to triumph in the election of 1948 because he was able to appeal to the New Deal coalition of voters. The Dixiecrat revolt against his stance on civil rights especially motivated African American voters to support him.
True
How did the United States respond to the Soviet Union's acquisition of atomic weapons?
Truman sped up the development of a hydrogen bomb, more powerful than an atomic bomb.
What book brought to light the abuses in the United States meatpacking industry in the early 20th century?
Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
The so-called Big Four at the peace negotiations to end the Great War included all of the following except
Vladimir Lenin
How did the Watergate scandal influence the election of 1976?
Voters were disillusioned and did not turn out to vote in large numbers.
_____________________ is a sensationalist style of newspaper reporting that appeared during the Spanish-American War (War of 1898).
Yellow journalism
in 1866 secretary of state william h seward attempted to gain for the united states
alaska
the twenty-first amendment, passed in 1933 allowed
americans to drink alcohol again
Wilson's Fourteen Points for post-Great War peace contained all of the following except
an increase in armaments
Because Franklin D. Roosevelt was not himself a deep thinker, he formed a _____________ to help him shape policy.
"brain trust"
Put in chronological order the events that led to Congress declaring war on Japan on December 8, 1941.
- Congress passes the Export Control Act. - President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill agree to the terms laid out in the Atlantic Charter. - German submarines sink the American warship Kearny and the American destroyer Reuben James. - The Japanese execute a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.
After the American victory over the Spanish in the Spanish-American War, what were the terms of surrender laid out in the Treaty of Paris?
Correct Answer(s) - The United States would continue occupying Manila until a transfer of power occurred in the Philippines. - Cuba was to become independent. - The United States would annex Puerto Rico. Incorrect Answer(s) - Spain would acknowledge the legitimacy of the U.S. annexation of Hawaii.
While voter participation was high during the Gilded Age, the two parties often had few substantive differences on the issues. Instead, ethnic, religious, and geographic divisions were often the key factors that determined party loyalty. Identify some of the types of people who consistently voted for the Republican party.
Correct Answer(s) - Those who wished to restrict the sale of alcoholic beverages - Union Civil War veterans - Americans of British Protestant ancestry - African Americans Incorrect Answer(s) - Roman Catholics - northern immigrants
The Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force was
Dwight Eisenhower
Bush remained popular among conservatives during his second term despite strong criticism from liberals.
False
By signing the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), Bush prevented large financial institutions from collapsing and restored confidence in both the economy and his presidency.
False
During the early years of the economic downturn, national observers noted both the outpouring of support for government relief efforts and how local businesses united in their attempts to keep workers employed and the economy afloat.
False
Eisenhower believed the power of the president should be limited to proposing policy, while Congress should enjoy broader powers such as executing the laws.
False
The Bonus Expeditionary Force was organized to secure the United States Mexico Border
False
The cultural and technological changes—like electricity of the 1920s—meant that most women no longer worked primarily in the home.
False
Fears of revolution were so widespread in post-war America that the U.S. attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by
J. Edgar Hoover
What affected African Americans' rights to vote in the South during the Gilded Age?
Jim Crow Laws removed their right to vote.
What was the effect of the Unites States' shifting to an industrial wartime economy?
One year after the United States entered the war, its military industrial production exceeded that of all three major Axis Powers combined.
How did Nixon's policy of détente change the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union?
Relations became less strained, and the two superpowers were able to negotiate several agreements.
The _____________________ raised the tax rates on annual income of more than $50,000 during the Second New Deal.
Revenue Act of 1935
Identify the actions Taft took that angered Roosevelt.
Taft fired Gifford Pinchot and allowed federally protected lands to be used for commercial interests.
How did the Republican isolationist foreign policy turn back the Progressives' foreign policy legacy?
The United States increased tariff rates on European goods, which decreased economic competition and made it difficult for Europe to pay its debts.
Bush's decision to cut taxes in order to stimulate economic growth backfired as federal revenue declined and the budget deficit increased during the "war on terror."
True
FDR called the Social Security Act the most significant achievement of the New Deal
True
president roosevelt faced four major challenges when he first took office. they included all of the following except?
aiding european governments abroad
in the presidential election of 1948, the republicans saw little hope for victory
false
what was the conerstone for president clinton's political agenda in his first term
health care reform
Which of the following was not a part of Ronald Reagan's campaign in 1980?
increase social welfare programs
as a reslut of america's entry into the great war, the federal government's power
increased a great deal
the _______________ was charged with removing the causes of the indian wars in the west in _________
indian peace commission, 1867
in the 1940 presidential election, FDR promoted __________ while his opponent favored __________
isolationism, intervention
the chilled iron sodbuster plow was developed by
james oliver
this woman established hull house, a settlement for immigrants in chicago
jane addams
which of the following was NOT one of the positive attributes for acquiring hawaii
prestige
The Securities and Exchange Commission
required all stock brokers to be licensed.
A British army chaplain declared World War I to be a "Waste of Muscle, Waste of Brain, Waste of Patience, Waste of Pain ... Waste of Glory, Waste of God." What unique aspects of World War I does this quotation address?
the brutal nature of industrial warfare and the massive casualties it inflicted on combatants
in 1896, the republican party supported the gold standard
true
in march 1917, german submarines sank five u.s. vessels in the north atlantic
true
in the 1920's many investors bought stocks on margin- that is, with borrowed funds
true
prior to modern bankruptcy law, a debtor could be sent to prison if he or she could not pay their bills
true
Freedom Summer was a major effort by the black power movement to replace the predominant civil disobedience protest strategies with a more extreme agenda that incorporated violent tactics.
False
Analyze this quotation from a feminist activist: "If the 1960s belonged to blacks, the next ten years are ours."
- Feminists were buoyed by a number of victories in the early 1970s, like the Roe v. Wade decision, Title IX of the 1972 Educational Amendment, and the congressional approval of the ERA. - The feminist movement was inspired by the African American civil rights movement.
Why was democracy able to take hold in Eastern Europe?
- Gorbachev began to cooperate with the United States. - Gorbachev stopped intervening in the affairs of Communist countries.
Women in the 1920s who rebelled against conventional dress, hairstyles, and what was considered to be "lady like were called
flappers
the southerners who participated in the crop-lien system included all of the following except
merchants
how was the foundation of the progressive movement different than that of the populist movement?
the progressive movement was based on addressing issues that occurred in urban areas
Identify the outcomes that the following events had on the Vietnam War.
- Christmas bombings: encouraged North Vietnamese to negotiate - Cambodian invasion: sparked demonstrations that caused the deaths of four students at Kent State University - anti-war demonstrations: sparked demonstrations that caused the deaths of four students at Kent State University
Even though this case ruled segregation illegal, it was still occurring during the Kennedy Administration.
Brown v Board of Education
Which word best describes President Truman's policy to dealing with communism?
Contain
What was the primary legacy of World War II relating to the size and role of the U.S. federal government during the postwar era?
Correct choicePresidential authority increased in relation to the national legislature and state governments.
What change did the national census of 1890 indicate that had not previously occurred in U.S. history?
It was the first census to indicate that Americans had populated the country from coast to coast.
This organization saw the conversion of American industries to war production
War Production Board
The newspaper that broke the story of Watergate was the
Washington Post
Heading toward the 1984 election, what term was used to describe President Reagan's first administration?
Reagan Revolution
The _______ Trial is a classic example of modernism versus fundamentalism
Scopes
How did Reagan gain the support of Americans who felt alienated by Carter?
Reagan provided a more optimistic message than Carter.
Why was the political situation in El Salvador an important issue for Reagan?
Reagan was concerned that if El Salvador fell to communism, it would cause other Central American countries to embrace communism as well.
In 1962, Tom Hayden and Al Haber created this, the first campus organization based on the tactics employed during the civil rights.
Students for a Democratic Society
after living for a time in the west, theodore roosevelt maintained that indians were
a lesser race
______________ was a tax that had to be paid before a person could vote
a poll tax
The Troubled Asset Relief Program was aimed at assisting ailing
banks
Why was Clinton successful in the 1996 campaign?
- There were no foreign-policy crises. - The economy improved significantly, ushering in a period of great economic growth. - The Republican party was divided.
How did Gorbachev's policies signal the end of the Cold War?
1. Perestroika restructured the economy in an effort to supply goods and services to the Soviet people. 2. Glasnost made the Soviet economy more open. 3. Gorbachev limited Soviet imperialism and sought better relations with the United States.
This bill reformed Wall Street and provided greater oversight of transactions by federal authorities.
Dodd-Frank Bill
The fresh but untried American soldiers sent to aid the British and French during the Great War were nicknamed
Doughboys
How did the political landscape of Congress influence Truman's Fair Deal?
Many of Truman's proposals were rejected by a coalition of conservative Democrats and Republicans.
in 1962, u.s. spy planes discovered what appeared to be soviet missile sites in
cuba
the student free-speech movement was created by
tom hayden
How did the United States put the Nixon Doctrine into effect during the Yom Kippur War in 1973?
- The United States supported Israel with weapons but not soldiers. - The United States worked to achieve a cease-fire agreement.
Despite Obama's attempts to resolve the economic crisis, many people in the United States became increasingly angry over the nation's economic situation. The image above illustrates which of the following critiques of the U.S. economy?
- The government's actions during the economic crisis had improperly benefited large financial institutions. - Rich people were controlling too large a percentage of wealth in the United States.
The Philippines received their independence from the United States in what year?
1946`
In 1992, Hispanics made up ______ percent of registered voters. In 2014, they were ______ percent.
2, 10
in 1992 hispanics made up _____ percent of registered voters, in 2014 they were _______ percent
35, 54
In the aftermath of the Great War, there were approximately _______________ African American veterans in the United States.
350,000
Which of the following was not a common reaction to the tribulations of the Great Depression?
A massive increase in membership in the Communist Party
Why did the United States refuse to support Nguyen Van Thieu when the North Vietnamese violated the cease-fire?
Congress did not want to spend any more money on the war.
How did Americans respond to Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union?
Correct Answer(s) - American isolationists argued that Germany's invasion of Russia confirmed that America should stay out of the war and let two dreadful dictatorships fight each other. - The United States began to include the Soviet Union in the Lend-Lease Bill, which further increased the effectiveness of Soviet resistance against German encroachment.
How did the passage of the War Powers Act of 1941, which increased the power of the presidency, reshape American society?
Correct Answer(s) - The War Powers Act granted the president authority to manage the growing size of the federal government by creating, redistributing, and reorganizing government agencies. - The president gained the power to authorize spying on and censorship of certain forms of communication. - The president gained the power to regulate industries and private businesses.
Identify how Wilson's progressive policies differed from those of Taft and Roosevelt.
Correct Answer(s) - Wilson supported strict anti-trust laws. - Wilson succeeded in lowering the tariff, unlike his Republican predecessors. Incorrect Answer(s) - Wilson was opposed to conservation and sought to open government lands to corporate development. - Wilson was more supportive of African American rights than Taft.
The economy was deep in recession when Obama became president. Identify the laws Obama supported and their intended effect.
- Dodd Frank: The act reformed the system that regulated the financial industry. - TARP: The act provided bailouts to financial institutions. - American Recovery and Reinvestment Act: The act provided funds for states to spend on infrastructure development projects.
How did Eisenhower view America's foreign policy strategy under Truman, and how did his administration seek to reform it?
- Eisenhower believed the Truman policy of "containment" to be no longer adequate. - Eisenhower sought to initiate a "roll back" policy around the world.
Mass transportation changed the way people commuted to work in cities, as they could live longer distances from their places of work. Identify those cities that revolutionized transportation by constructing the first underground subway trains.
- Boston - New York - Philadelphia
For fifteen years, the NAACP had attempted to employ the courts as a tool for ending racial segregation. Identify the Supreme Court cases that challenged the separate-but-equal doctrine established by the Court in 1896.
- Brown v. Board of Education - Sweatt v. Painter
What was the Bay of Pigs and how did it plan to restrict the spread of communism?
- a strategic invasion of Cuba intended to spark a wider native Cuban rebellion against Castro - an American initiative to train anti-Castro Cubans - a secret CIA operation to overthrow dictator Fidel Castro
Hoover's response to the Bonus Expeditionary Force protest revealed his concern for the plight of unemployed and desperate Americans. Hoover supported the demands of the veterans for increased benefits, but could not persuade Congress to spend the extra money.
False
American and Australian forces in the Pacific were under the command of _______ during World War II.
Douglas MacArthur
Rock 'n' roll flourished because it was uncontroversial, appealed to white Americans of all ages, and helped support the racial segregation of the era.
False
In the aftermath of the Spanish-American War, as the United States was in the process of annexing the Philippines and establishing it as a colony, the United States was simultaneously liberating Cuba from Spanish colonization without stipulations.
False
Why did spectator sports become popular in the 1920s?
Higher incomes and innovations in transportation allowed Americans to attend professional sporting events.
How did NSC-68 change U.S. foreign policy regarding the Soviet Union?
In the beginning, the containment policy was political and economic. NSC-68 advocated for a militaristic response to Soviet aggression.
How did political "rings" shape the electoral process in large cities?
Political "rings" were small groups of politically powerful party members who by managing the nomination and election of candidates shaped public policy and retained influence.
Complete the passage below describing how American policy toward the Pacific Ocean developed after the Civil War.
Prior to the outbreak of the Civil War, Americans had attempted to incorporate the territory between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific into the United States, in alignment with the principle of manifest destiny. After the Civil War, a small group of American leaders began to advocate for American expansion beyond these traditionally perceived borders. In order for American industrialists to gain greater access to Asian markets, the United States sought to expand into new territories in the Pacific region. As a result, before the War of 1898, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia and annexed Hawaii.
How did each of the following contribute to the progressive movement?
Socialists - supported better working conditions The Ys and the Salvation Army - developed charities to provide services to the community and those in need Mugwumps - fought for "honest government" Journalists - educated the public by exposing corruption
in this case, the supreme court ordered that if it is necessary for minorities to be bussed to other schools to achieve racial equality, it must be done.
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
Cesar Chavez is best associated with which group?
UFW
Westbound settlers came from various economic and social backgrounds. Select the statement that best describes the race and ethnicity of these settlers.
Men and women of African American, Asian, European, and Hispanic descent were all part of the western settlement.
Richard Nixon secured what famous country singer to promote his presidential campaign?
Merle Haggard
In 1911, President Wilson ordered U.S. warships to blockade
Mexico
Which of the following describe how the muckrakers contributed to the progressive movement?
Muckrakers educated the public about the problems society faced.
in an attempt to appease Hitler's land hunger, British Prime Minister __________ met with Hitler in Munich and secured a treaty that he declared provided "peace for our time"
Neville Chamberlain
Why did Reagan increase military spending to the point where it represented a quarter of federal expenditures?
Reagan hoped a massive military buildup would force the Soviets into an arms race that would ultimately bankrupt them.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned racial segregation everywhere except
Schools
What best explains United States citizens' overwhelming support for Coolidge in 1924?
The economy was going great, so why change?
dennis banks became the first hispanic mayor of a major city when he was elected in los angeles
false
despite the length and duration of world war II, total civilian and military deaths miraculously remained fewer than 1 million
false
federal money for farm demonstration agents was approved in the adamson act
false
was the powerful chiricahua apache chief who was captured by the united states
geronimo
what sparked race riots in more than 100 cities in 1968
the assassination of MLK
the united states agreed to pay $10 million plus $250000 a year for the panama canal zone
true
the war between japan and the united states involved racial hatred on both sides
true
what was the united states first billion dollar corporation
united states steel corporation
President Lyndon Johnson's plan to provide health insurance for the elderly is known as
Medicare
The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 hurt poor Americans because it abolished the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program and limited the number of years that people could receive welfare payments.
True
Match each term with the appropriate description.
- "Hard Times Ain't Gone Nowhere": song that spoke to the continued grievances faced by African Americans - tramps: usually men who lived on the road or the train; also called hobos - poorhouses: initially housed those made homeless by the economic downturn - "Remember My Forgotten Man": song that spoke to the plight of households with jobless or absent husbands - soup kitchens: distribution points where the hungry could receive the bare necessities of food and water
Match each Great Society and War on Poverty initiative to its description.
- Higher Education Act: created scholarships for poor students, reduced student loan interest rates - Housing and Urban Development Act: provided development funds for cities, helped poor families afford their rent - Food Stamp Act: initially devised to aid farmers, helped the poor afford groceries and improve their nutrition - Appalachian Regional Development Act: funded anti-poverty programs in remote mountain areas
The following events contributed to the rise of the youth revolt in America. Place the events in chronological order.
- Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was founded. - The Free Speech Movement (FSM) began. - Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert Kennedy were assassinated. - SDS radicals and black militants occupied the president's office at Columbia University. - The Weathermen carried out their campaign of organized vandalism in Chicago.
Which states' election results in 1952 indicated a change in the political landscape of a region in the United States?
- Texas - Florida - Tennessee - Virginia
Put the events that led to the end of the frontier era in chronological order.
- The Dawes Severalty Act is created. - The first national census of the 1890s reports that the frontier era in American development is over. - Frederick Jackson Turner authors his "frontier thesis."
What were President Truman's main goals for the Fair Deal?
- The Fair Deal called for an expansion of New Deal programs involving retirement and unemployment benefits. - Truman wanted to provide civil rights to all Americans. - The Fair Deal called for greater federal government involvement in issues of health insurance and education.
Put the following events in chronological order to explain how global politics became more complicated after World War II.
- The Philippines gain independence from the United States. - Great Britain withdraws from and partitions India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. - The People's Republic of China is established.
Identify the strategies of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the tactics employed by the organization.
- The SCLC sought to organize groups and organizations for direct action. - African American ministers did not immediately join the organization. - The SCLC sought to execute acts of nonviolent resistance throughout the South.
Identify the ideological differences between the United States and the Soviet Union that caused friction and led to the outbreak of the cold war.
- The Soviet Union prohibited many religions, while citizens of the United States enjoyed religious freedom. - The United States supported self-determination for the peoples of Eastern Europe, whereas the Soviet Union wanted to control what went on in these countries. - The United States supported the capitalist economic system, whereas the Soviets supported communism.
Identify the legacies of Reaganomics.
- The country was left with a large amount of debt. - The economy prospered for years after Reagan left office.
What factors contributed to the public's declining support for the war on terrorism in 2003 and 2004?
- information indicating that the United States had mistreated prisoners - the rising financial and human costs of the war in Iraq - the continued instability of Iraq due to ethnic and religious divisions - the lack of weapons of mass destruction
What did Winston Churchill compare the occupation of lands by the Soviets after World War II to?
An iron curtain
Identify the repercussions of the 1867 "Report on the Condition of the Indian Tribes."
Correct Answer(s) - It led to the establishment of an "Indian Peace Commission." - It endorsed white settlement of the West. Incorrect Answer(s) - It advocated for the implementation of the Dawes Severalty Act. - It addressed the issues causing conflict between the United States and Native Americans and brought about a temporary peace between them.
What factors helped encourage the passage of child labor and workplace safety laws?
Correct Answer(s) - Progressives on the National Child Labor Committee lobbied for legislation to prohibit the employment of children. - A sweatshop fire killed over 100 young workers in an unsafe work environment.
Speaking of campaign contributions to members of Congress, a California railroad tycoon said, "If you have to pay money to have the right thing done, then it is only just and fair to do it." This quotation illustrates which of the following aspects of Gilded Age politics?
Correct Answer(s) - Their wealth allowed "robber barons" to buy favors from legislators and government officials. - Corruption was a regular feature of American politics. Incorrect Answer(s) - Democratic reformers sought to do anything to ensure the closure of saloons, including bribery. - Special interests had little influence on American politics due to the Pendleton Act, a civil service reform bill passed in 1883.
The Second Industrial Revolution stimulated economic growth in the decades following the Civil War. Identify the factors that led to the Second Industrial Revolution.
Correct Answer(s) - scientific research into the industrial process - modern transportation and communication networks - electrical power Incorrect Answer(s) - water-powered mills - more efficient farming techniques used on small farms
John Sloan's 1911 painting Wet Night on the Bowery illustrates which of the following changes in turn-of-the-century American culture?
Correct Answer(s) - the growth of urbanism - the impact of the scientific spirit on all aspect of American culture - the shift from romanticism to realism in American art and culture Incorrect Answer(s) - the money question - the shift from realism to romanticism in American art and culture
Identify the conditions and circumstances that made life difficult for settlers in the West.
Correct Answer(s) - the inconsistency of the commodities market - droughts - tornadoes Incorrect Answer(s) - cattle shortages due to competition with wild buffalo
Identify the characteristics of fascism as it arose in Italy and Germany prior to the start of World War II.
Correct Answer(s) - use of violence to seize and maintain political power - use of propaganda as a means of political control - totalitarian government led by a dictator - ultranationalist patriotism
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote in This Side of Paradise that the "sad young men" who had fought in Europe to "make the world safe for democracy" had "grown up to find all Gods dead, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken." What does this quotation reveal about American art and literature in the 1920s?
Correct Answer(s) (ALL) - Cynicism was a common theme in American literature. - Art and literature were influenced by the horrors of World War I. - Scientific theories had undermined a belief in a God. - Modernism resulted in a rejection of traditional values.
Analyze the image of Jackie Robinson greeting Latino spectators. What does it reveal about the issue of civil rights and racial equality in the first decade after World War II?
Despite continued resistance from whites, African Americans and Latinos were more willing to stand up for their rights and to see some victories in their struggle to be treated equal.
Einstein's discoveries, including his general theory of relativity, had little impact on the world outside the scientific community because the average person could not understand his science.
False
Frederick Jackson Turner theorized that the West would maintain all of the characteristics that arose as a result of the frontier era.
False
Herbert Hoover refused to involve the government in efforts to relieve the effects of economic depression
False
Unlike today, citizens during the Gilded Age expected the ___________ to have little to no effect on their daily lives.
Federal Government
Founded in the 1960s, this group worked to promote the advancement of women
NOW
Who was the last tsar to rule in Russia before the Bolshevik Revolution?
Nicholas II
Complete the passage below describing what the election of 1980 indicated about the changing political landscape of the United States.
Reagan won a large victory over Carter. He convinced many southern Democrats to switch to the Republican party. His victory also meant the religious right had more power in American politics.
How did the Marshall Plan reflect the evolving American policy of containment during the cold war?
The Marshall Plan did not directly confront the Soviet Union. Instead, it provided friendly European governments with financial assistance to rebuild their economies in order to reduce the appeal of communism among those nations.
Despite his support from the religious right, Reagan as president did not restore prayer to public schools.
True
to combat inflation during world war II
congress established the Office of Price Administration
flappers was the slang word for illegal drinking establishments in the 1920s
false
according to the lecture, which of the following are considered to be manifestations of countervailing powers?
farmers, professional associations, & unions
the black power movement was best associated with
malcolm x
what was the executive order issued by truman to ensure there were no communists or their associates in the united states government called
the loyalty order
americans in the period between 1867-1945 believed that american ideals were universal in their appeal
true
Put the following major events in the Allied war effort in chronological order.
- Allied forces liberate Paris from Nazi military occupation. - President Roosevelt is reelected to a fourth term. - The "Big Three" Allied leaders meet during the Yalta Conference to determine how the Allied Powers would govern Germany following its unconditional surrender. - Berlin falls to the advancing Soviet army. - German military leaders declare their unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers.
How did Carter lose the support of Christians who were part of the growing "religious right"?
- Carter supported the Equal Rights Amendment. - Carter did not support efforts to restore daily prayer in schools. - Carter refused to ban abortions.
How did Obama bring health-care reform to the United States? Put the following steps in chronological order.
- Congress passes the Affordable Care Act. - The Affordable Care Act website fails. - Congress refuses to fund the Affordable Care Act. - Obama refuses to sign the federal budget and the government shuts down. - Congress passes a budget that funds the Affordable Care Act.
in what order did the united states acquire the following territories
1. texas 2. alaska 3. puerto rico 4. virgin islands
Of all the political witch hunts during the Truman administration, the one most damaging to his administration involved
Alger Hiss
Because of the overall prosperity of the decade, blacks were able to close the income gap with whites by the end of the 1950s.
False
Before he died, President Roosevelt was committed to reviving the isolationist foreign policy posture popular before World War I.
False
By the time of the 1960 presidential race, Kennedy had far more experience in national politics than Richard nixon.
False
Combat-related deaths of civilians and combatants accounted for the majority of those killed during World War I.
False
Democratic control of the House of Representatives prevented Reagan from implementing his major policy goals.
False
George W. Bush won the popular vote in the 2000 presidential election.
False
In an attempt to lower the risk of war, the United States was party to the _____ who signed the document
Five- Power Treaty
Which statement best describes the problems with President carter's leadership?
He was a micromanager
What statement best describes the Democrats' 1952 presidential candidate. Adlai Stevenson?
He was barely known outside of his home state.
Wilson offended many in Congress when he did not choose __________ to accompany him to the peace negotiations
Henry Cabot Lodge
Complete the passage below describing the political battle within the United States over whether to ratify the Treaty of Versailles and join the League of Nations.
In the aftermath of World War I, President Wilson was able to assert his influence over the Paris Peace Conference because of the role that the United States played in the victory of the Allied Powers. The government that was most effective in opposing President Wilson's vision of a postwar world was his own. The ratification process was constantly obstructed in the U.S. Senate. As a result, President Wilson embarked on a transcontinental speaking tour to sway the American people to support the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. In the end, the Senate rejected the treaty.
After World War I came to an end, the United States actively practiced ______________ in its relations with the rest of the world.
Isolationism
During the Great War, the Espionage and Sedition Acts
Stifled free speech
Why was Warren G. Harding selected selected to represented the Republican party in the 1920 election?
The Republican Party could not agree on anyone else
In addition to the miners who journeyed to the West to work in mines, such as the Comstock Lode, a crew of peddlers, saloon keepers, prostitutes, and gamblers followed to take advantage of the miners' earnings.
True
Complete the passage below regarding the economic and social status of women during the Great Depression.
Though women had a LOWER rate of joblessness during the Great Depression, they were also tasked with providing EMOTIONAL SUPPORT to their families if their husbands were LAID OFF. Due to their disproportionately low-paying jobs, women were often able to CONTINUE WORKING while men with higher wages lost their jobs. As the economy worsened, however, some people claimed that women were "stealing" jobs from men. States consequently began passing laws BARRING married women from the workforce.
In 2008, Barack Obama ran an impressive Internet based-campaign
True
Identify the locations in the United States that were directly affected by the rise of global terrorism during Bush's presidency.
- NY - PA - DC 2
Complete the passage below regarding Theodore Roosevelt's military service during the Spanish-American War.
Before the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, Theodore Roosevelt had been a staunch advocate of war with Spain. Immediately after the declaration of war, Roosevelt resigned his position as assistant secretary of the Navy and enlisted in the U.S. Army. He became the second in command of the famous Rough Riders, a group of cavalry units drawn from all segments of American society. Largely as a result of yellow journalism, Roosevelt became the most popular national hero of the war.
President Harding's "return to normalcy" campaign promise reflected what kind of politics?
Correct Answer(s) - conservatism - isolationism
How were American politics influenced by increases in the number of minorities living in the United States?
Democratic candidates received major support from minorities.
In working with the Russians, President Nixon pursued a policy of
Detente
What effect did World War I have on the arts during the 1920s?
Disillusioned artists and writers created cynical art and novels to reflect the death of idealism.
who was placed in command of the U.S. forces in Korea during the Korean War?
Douglas MacArthur
The bumper sticker "Saddam Hussein still has his job. What about you?" was popular during the 1992 election. What did this reveal about the issues frustrating Americans, despite President Bush's foreign-policy successes?
During Bush's presidency, the economy hardly grew at all.
The Soviet Union violated promises made at Yalta when they began to occupy
Eastern European nations
To prevent racial integration from occurring at the University of Alabama, Governor ___________ blocked the door to the institution.
George Wallace
Complete the passage describing the changes in the cotton industry between the Old and the New South.
In the pre-Civil War South, the cotton industry was primarily concerned with the cultivation of unprocessed cotton, which served as raw material for textiles mills in the northern United States and throughout Europe. The major success of the New South's effort to diversify its economy rested on the growth of its textile industry. Over the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, the number of cotton mills in the South increased by nearly 250 percent. The majority of the workers in the southern cotton mills were white women and children, as opposed to men.
Identify why Senator Joseph McCarthy was successful.
McCarthy used Americans' fear of communism to his advantage.
Complete the passage below describing the limits that Nixon believed should be in place to restrict the power of the president.
Nixon believed that the president was above the law and that anything the president did could not be illegal. Nixon used his power as president to discredit his opponents and to spy on his enemies. As the Watergate scandal unfolded, he encouraged his staff to avoid cooperating with law enforcement.
This replaced the spoils system for federal jobs with job placement on the basis of competitive testing.
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
Complete the passage below to describe how progressives use Taylorism to achieve their goals.
Progressives championed the practice of "scientific management," developed for industry by Frederick Winslow Taylor, to promote government reform. Taylorism had helped businesses run more effectively by improving productivity. Progressives used Taylorism to make the government more efficient and made sure that experts took over some positions previously held by political appointees. This reduced waste and corruption.
Identify how Roosevelt's Second New Deal programs differed from the programs in his First New Deal.
Roosevelt's Second New Deal programs focused on social justice while the first programs were designed to save the economy.
President reagan appointed the first female to the Supreme Court. Her name is
Sandra Day O'Connor
Complete the passage below regarding the repercussions of the Panic of 1893.
The Panic of 1893 began with the bankruptcy of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad companies. Shortly afterward, over 600 banks and 15,000 businesses failed. There was a drastic increase in the foreclosure rate of farms. By 1900, one third of Americans rented their homes rather than owning them. During the course of the crisis, the unemployment rate remained around twenty percent. President Cleveland's response to the situation worsened the depression by further constricting the money supply. This decision was detrimental to the Democrats during the ensuing congressional elections of 1894.
Complete the passage below describing how the Supreme Court responded to conservative assertions that the Affordable Care Act was unconstitutional.
The Supreme Court ruled that the majority of the Affordable Care Act was constitutional. Republicans particularly opposed the individual mandate on the grounds that it was an imposition on personal freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that the mandate and subsequent tax penalties for being uninsured fell under Article 1 of the Constitution. The conservative chief justice of the court voted to support the Affordable Care Act.
Complete the passage below to describe the effects of technological innovation on the U.S. economy.
The microprocessor made it possible to develop personal computers. Other inventions, such as email, further globalized the economy. Technological innovation made workers more productive and improved communication.
president roosevelt faced four major challenges when he first took office, they included all of the following except?
aiding european governments abroad
the largest territorial acquisition of the 19th century since louisiana purchase was
alaska
when president harding died, he was replaced by
calvin coolidge
When president Carter cut federal spending and federal taxes to save the economy, he inadvertently
caused inflation to occur
which of the following would have been considered an average progressive during that period?
christian moralists
according to your textbook the post civil war west symbolized
economic opportunity and personal freedom
which of the following statements regarding race relations in the last years of the 19th century is most applicable
economic, legal, and social discrimination increased
During the Great War, African American men fought
in racially segregated units
this law gave federal authorities the right to eavesdrop on confidential conversations between inmates and their lawyers
patriot act
on december 1, 1955, _____________, an african american seamstress refused to relinquish her seat to a white man on a city bus
rosa parks
Identify the ways in which the Eisenhower administration expanded social programs.
- Eligibility for Social Security was extended to many workers who had previously been excluded. - Eisenhower approved a minimum wage increase. - Eisenhower approved additional low-income housing projects.
Describe the events at Dien Bien Phu, and evaluate their significance for American foreign policy under the Eisenhower administration.
(ALL) - Eisenhower refused to use atomic weapons against the Viet Minh. - Viet Minh fighters surrounded the base with cannons. - The United States was almost fully supporting the French military campaign and nearly dragged into a foreign intervention. - In an attempt to restore control over their colony, French forces planned to construct a base in Dien Bien Phu. - French forces at Dien Bien Phu were overwhelmed.
Put the following postwar events in chronological order.
- Democrats lose control of both houses of Congress. - Peace talks begin in Paris. - The Treaty of Versailles is signed. - President Wilson begins a transcontinental speaking tour to bolster public support for the League of Nations.
Complete the passage describing how the Taft-Hartley Labor Act tried to resolve union-related conflict.
- Union strikes - Wages - Republican - Anti-union - the "closed-shop" - right to work - communism.
During the civil rights movement, peaceful protests at white-only establishments were called
Sit-ins
Identify three examples of how innovation changed the nature of work in the decades following the Civil War in the picture below.
All clickable areas
Following the Civil War, the American economy prospered. What combination of factors created this advantageous economic circumstance in the United States?
All the above
The Knights of Labor included an unprecedented proposal within their platform that called for equal pay for equal work done by men and women.
True
us expansion from 1867-1945 was fueled primarily by
a desire to get "more"
martin luther king jr. encouraged _____________ civil disobedience to promote the civil rights movement
nonviolent
what ratio represents the approximate casualties of americans to japanese at guadalcanal
1 to 10
By 1932, approximately how many Americans were unemployed?
15 million
How many men roughly did the United States lose in combat in the course of its involvement in the Great War?
50,000
For modernists, what would be considered a great honor?
Being completely misunderstood by their intended audience.
Analyze the poster below. What does it reveal about the fear of espionage during World War I?
Correct Answer(s) - Anyone could inadvertently share information that an enemy could use against America. - The "enemy" was often difficult to detect, and blended in with other Americans.
The United States involvement in Vietnam grew from an earlier policy of
Containment
What effects did Mellon's financial policies have on the economy of the United States and Europe during the 1920s?
Correct Answer(s) - More Americans found work. - High tariffs harmed German industries recovering from the war. - The national debt fell.
Which of the following were features of the postwar world?
Correct Answer(s) - The United Nations was formed. - India and Pakistan became independent. - The Soviet Union became a world power.
What does George Bellow's Stag at Sharkey's reveal about life in the early twentieth century?
Correct Answer(s) - The realist emphasis on closely observing everyday reality grew out of the scientific spirit. - Spectator sports were popular. - Art depicted the realities of everyday life, not romanticized versions of it. Incorrect Answer(s) - The money question - The shift from realism to romanticism in American art and culture
What were some of the characteristics of World War I that made it the first industrial war?
Correct Answer(s) - The weaponry was technologically sophisticated. - The devastation of the war was so intense that it reshaped the entire landscape of many battlefields.
Identify the few cases in which women were allowed to enter saloons.
Correct Answer(s) - if the saloon offered a "wine room" - if the saloon offered a "snug" - when they were "rushing the growler" Incorrect Answer(s) - if the saloon had a zero tolerance policy for political discussion
Identify the components of Roosevelt's three-pronged strategy that he sought to implement in his First Hundred Days.
Correct Answer(s) - subsidize the farm sector to boost low prices - promote compromises between management and labor - provide temporary aid for the unemployed
T/F: The Battle of the Leyte Gulf underscored Japan's ability to continue in defense of the Philippines
False
T/F: Women in "war work" were usually unable to keep their jobs after the war.
False
Bill Clinton's policies were designed to be a liberal reaction to the conservative politics of Bush and Reagan.
False
The first atomic bomb was dropped on
Hiroshima
Why did HIV/AIDS become such a significant problem in the United States?
Reagan's advisors encouraged him not to address the problem.
Hoover was a member of what political party?
Republican
Complete the passage below describing how Roosevelt's Second New Deal influenced the Democratic party.
Roosevelt enjoyed a sizeable victory in the election of 1936, and the Democrats controlled Congress. Many of Roosevelt's policies CAUSED A RIFT in the DEMOCRATIC party. The president's COURT-PACKING plan drew HARSH CRITICISM from Congress. SOUTHERN DEMOCRATS did not like the increasing number of AFRICAN AMERICANS and unionists who supported Roosevelt.
The _______ Trial is a classic example of modernism versus fundamentalism.
Scopes
The increasingly bold discussion about sex that occurred during the 1920s were a result of the writings of
Sigmund Freud
Complete the passage below regarding the Boxer Rebellion and its affect on U.S. foreign policy.
The Boxer Rebellion began at the beginning of the twentieth century with the intention of removing foreign intrusion from China. The rebels referred to themselves as the Fists of Righteous Harmony, and specifically fought against the spread of Christian missionaries throughout China. In doing so, they laid siege to Peking and barricaded foreign officials within their embassies. In response, a coalition of troops from foreign nations was sent to lift the siege on the embassies. U.S. Secretary of State John Hay viewed the joint invasion as a threat to his Open Door policy.
Which of the following did not play a factor in securing the presidency for Ronald Reagan?
The Iran-Contra scandal
Which of the following statements regarding America in the immediate aftermath of the Great War is correct?
The peace did not bring stability to America
For pardoning Nixon, President Ford suffered a huge decline in his popualrity
True
Why did progressive leader Jane Addams believe churches and charities were "totally inadequate to deal with the vast numbers of the city's disinherited"?
There were too many people who needed help. Churches and charities could not reach them all.
In 1968, students managed to shut down Columbia University
True
What did President Herbert Hoover mean when he warned about the "orgy of mad speculation"? Complete the passage below regarding the status of the stock market and investment practices on the eve of the Great Depression.
While the U.S. stock market had GROWN steadily since 1924, RECKLESS SPECULATION that began in 1927 contributed to a surge in the stock value of American companies. A specific investment practice that allowed stocks to be purchased "ON MARGIN" with a modest down payment enabled investors to borrow the rest of the money from a STOCKBROCKER. When stock values began to plummet, STOCKBROKERS called in these "margin" loans, but investors, who had expected STOCK PROFITS to cover these loans, weren't able to repay what they had borrowed.
which of the following statements is not true?
after the second world war, the united states returned to isolationism
the economic situation in the new west can be best described as
boom/bust
barack obama campaigned against ____________, his republican rival for the presidency
john mccain
what did not play a role in the terrible economic conditions in the south during the late 19th century
lack of labor
the fastest growing group of americans in 2005 categorized themselves as
multiracial
during president george h. w. bush's administration, nicolae ceaus,escu was overthrown as dictator of
romania
those who came of age during the 1920s are known as
the lost generation
many of the reforms pushed by the populists
were implemented by the progressives
What late-nineteenth century development led to a growing class-consciousness in the United States?
the growing gap between the rich and the poor
_____________ were the bloody conflicts between u.s. soldiers and native americans in the west from the 1860s to the 1870s
the indian wars
the sandlot incident in san francisco 1877 led to attacks against chinese immigrants
true
which united states president was responsible for the annexation of hawaii
william mckinley
Complete this passage about Kennedy and the issue of civil rights.
- Peace corps - less - conservative southern Democrats - racial equality - Brown v. Board of Education ruling - stronger
Why did the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) send a group of eighteen Freedom Riders to New Orleans by public bus?
- to draw the attention of the Kennedy administration to the cause of civil rights in the South - to integrate buses and trains - to "test" the federal court ruling that banned racial segregation on buses, on trains, and in terminals
place the proper chronological order/sequence according to the lectures
1. spanish american war 2. world war I 3. german annexation of czechoslovakia 4. world war II
in the presidential election of 1920, women made up what percentage of the electorate
40 percent
"It's like bubbling molasses down there ... the mushroom is spreading out ... fires are springing up everywhere ... it's like a peep into hell." What does this quotation reveal about the bombing of the Japanese city of Hiroshima?
Correct Answer(s) - the massive scale of explosion at Hiroshima - the success of the U.S. effort to leverage atomic bombs in hopes of ending the war - the devastation not just to the target of the atomic bomb, but also to its surrounding area
Thanks to the __________, African Americans saw greater acceptance and political rights during the 1920s in the North.
Great Migration
How did Obama pursue his foreign-policy goals in the Ukraine?
Obama imposed economic sanctions on Russia and avoided military conflict.
Complete the passage below describing why Obama supported the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and how that support influenced his presidency.
Obama realized that people needed to have faith in the banking system and set out to save big financial institutions. TARP prevented the economy from crashing. Many Americans strongly disagreed with TARP because it did not help struggling Americans.
Complete the passage below describing the wave of targeted racial oppression that occurred across the South.
The resurgence of racial segregation and disenfranchisement was accompanied by a surge of violence against African Americans that was predominantly concentrated in the South. Southern whites took the law into their own hands, targeting black men accused of a crime and subjecting them to torture and humiliation that usually culminated in the lynching of the accused. This activity was often carried out in public as a joyful spectacle for large crowds of southern whites.
according to the lecture, canals were often more efficient than _____________
roads
according to the lecture, which of the following is the correct sequence of events?
roads, canals, trains, and trucks
the most popular leisure destinations for the urban working class during the gilded age were
saloons
the presidential election of 1884 could be described as
scandals over issues
in the second half of the 19th century all of the following were found in the new west except
bronze
Analyze the image below from the Pullman Strike. What does it reveal about the relative power of unions and corporations?
Correct Answer(s) - President Cleveland was willing to use federal troops to break the strike. - Railroad executives thought it necessary to protect railways from violent strikers. Incorrect Answer(s) - Workers and corporations had equal support from the federal government. - American Railway Union President Eugene V. Debs was able to win two major concessions from Pullman.
The development of national railroad networks was a tremendous boon for the American economy. They provided a reliable way to transport goods and people over long distances cheaply, year round. The railroads also had a number of problems, however. Identify some of the problems associated with the railroad industry.
Correct Answer(s) - The rush to build railroad lines caused some railroad companies to ignore dangerous working conditions. - Railroad lobbyists served as a corrupting influence over legislators whose votes they "purchased" with cash or shares in the railroad company. - Some railroad developers put short-term profits over railroad quality. Incorrect Answer(s) - The inability of railroad companies to produce railway lines quickly enough inhibited economic growth.
the number of inventions registered at the u.s. patent office remained fairly constant through the 19th century
false
what did not play a role in the terrible economic conditions in the south during the late 19th century?
lack of labor
Identify the policies Obama sought to implement in his first term.
(ALL) - economic stimuli in order to create jobs - government support of large banks and other financial institutions - setting in motion the end of the U.S. wars in Iraq and Afghanistan - health insurance reform to expand access to the uninsured
Identify the aspects of Carter's personality that limited his success as a president.
- Carter failed to inspire the nation and came off as preachy and negative. - Carter's desire to be a "strong, aggressive president" made it difficult for him to get Congress to pass any of his bills. - Carter liked to micromanage.
Identify how the following contributed to the reactionary conservatism of the 1920s.
- Emergency Immigration Act of 1921: This act used the 1910 census to set immigration limits for immigrants from Europe. - Immigration Act of 1924: This act limited the number of immigrants who could enter the country to 150,000 per year. - Ku Klux Klan: White Protestant Americans used this to intimidate and discriminate against immigrants and other people who were not "natives."
Identify the following economic acts or strategies that occurred during the economic crisis of the 1930s.
- Emergency Relief Act: Hoover's response to calls for federal aid for struggling Americans to finance construction projects at the state level - Revenue Act of 1932: a major tax increase that was poorly timed and further contributed to the economic crisis - Reconstruction Finance Corporation: an attempt by Congress, supported by Hoover, to aid banks and other struggling entities by providing them with emergency loans
Place the events of the Watergate scandal in chronological order.
- Five burglars were caught breaking into the Democratic National Committee headquarters. - A Senate investigation revealed that Nixon was personally involved in the cover-up of the Watergate break-in. - The Supreme Court ruled that Nixon needed to surrender all of his secret tapes. - Nixon resigned.
Analyze the image of an uncompleted housing development in the bankrupt city of Rio Vista, California, in 2008. Identify the causes of the Great Recession for which the image provides evidence.
- For many years, unqualified borrowers were given home mortgages they could not afford. - The housing bubble burst, leading to a rapid decline in home prices.
Which of the following correctly describes the political goals of both the counterculture movement and the New Left?
- Members of both movements were predominantly middle-class college students. - Each movement opposed the conventional political and cultural status quo of America. - Each movement advocated for the rights of individuals to make decisions freely.
Identify the new developments and innovations of the late nineteenth century and their impact on urban life.
- Skyscrapers: increased population density - Sanitary Reform Regulations: better living conditions in tenements and new water and sewage systems - Trolleys and Commuter Railways: middle-class movement from crowded downtowns to "streetcar suburbs"
How did the Greensboro Four contribute to the new resistance strategies of the civil rights movement?
- Their actions sparked a sit-in movement based on nonviolent civil disobedience. - The tactic introduced by the Greensboro Four proved to be an effective method for initiating change.
Soviet actions in Eastern European nations after World War II not only violated the Yalta Agreement among the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and the United States, but they also ran counter to which principles of American foreign policy?
- the right to freedom of religion - the right of nations to self-determination
What was the Kennedy administration's response to the Soviet Union's erection of the Berlin Wall?
- to create the Green Berets, an elite unit of commandos - to drastically increase the number of U.S. nuclear missiles
Identify the speaker of the following quotation, along with when and why it was spoken: "We have just delivered the South to the Republican party for a long time to come."
- when: after the passage of the Civil Rights Act - speaker: President Johnson - why: reacting to the fury of white southern conservatives
By the 1890s, the largest ethnic population in Hawaii was
Asians
Casualties were staggering in the Great War, mainly because of new technologies. Which of the following was not used in the Great War?
Atomic weapons
The following map traces the federal government's military confrontation with Native Americans in the West in the last half of the nineteenth century. Identify the policies that brought about these confrontations.
Correct Answer(s) - Before the Civil War, the federal government had made promises to respect agreed-upon Native American tribal boundaries, so long as Native Americans permitted white emigrants to pass through peacefully. - In 1867, Congress tried to persuade Native Americans to abandon ancestral homelands and move to federal reservations in return for peace. Incorrect Answer(s) - In 1887, Congress passed the Dawes Severalty Act that tried to force Native Americans to develop family farms on federal reservations.
Identify the reasons Hitler invaded Poland.
Correct Answer(s) - Hitler wanted to keep the Soviet Union from obstructing his plans; the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, which coincided with the invasion of Poland, helped him maintain amicable relations with the Soviet Union. - Hitler wanted to create a pathway for the future invasion of the Soviet Union. - Hitler wanted to regain German territory forfeited following the German defeat during World War I.
How did the military campaign on the Eastern Front enable the Allied Powers to overcome German resistance in western Europe?
Correct Answer(s) - Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union forced the German armed forces to spread themselves thinly across two separate military fronts. - More German troops were engaged in fighting on the Eastern Front than remained to defend western Europe. - American and British leaders were able to take time meticulously planning and implementing the D-day invasion of Normandy because of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, which preoccupied roughly half of the German army.
Analyze the image of Hitler. What does it reveal about the characterization of fascism in Nazi Germany?
Correct Answer(s) - It emphasized the figure of a powerful dictator. - It used propaganda to obtain and maintain power.
What were some of the duties and responsibilities of party bosses?
Correct Answer(s) - Party bosses organized campaign workers. - Party bosses distributed contracts to financial supporters and government jobs to loyal members of their ring. - Party bosses provided financial assistance to the needy. Incorrect Answer(s) - Party bosses shared power over their ring with a council of supporters drawn from their neighborhood. - Party bosses strictly enforced the prohibition on alcohol.
Identify some of the problems that the United States faced domestically following the end of World War I.
Correct Answer(s) - Racial tensions increased and resulted in race riots as over 350,000 African Americans moved out of the South. - American workers began striking in far greater numbers. - Americans developed an overwhelming fear of communism. Incorrect Answer(s) - Americans struggled to resist the intrusive influence of foreign superpowers following the end of World War I.
Identify the economic priorities of southern "Redeemers" in the late nineteenth century.
Correct Answer(s) - Redeemers fought for the development of a more diverse southern economy based on the expansion of railroad lines and industrial production. - Redeemers moved to decrease tax rates and reduce public expenditures. Incorrect Answer(s) - Redeemers prioritized spending on social programs that helped prepare young children for the workforce, particularly African American children. - Redeemers moved to increase public spending on education to improve the quality of the labor force.
While voter participation was high during the Gilded Age, the two parties often had few substantive differences on the issues. Instead, ethnic, religious, and geographic divisions were often the key factors that determined party loyalty. Identify some of the types of people who consistently voted for the Democratic party.
Correct Answer(s) - Roman Catholics - southern whites - Jews - new immigrants Incorrect Answer(s) - the Grand Army of the Republic - Americans of British Protestant ancestry
In 1901, Roosevelt invited civil rights leader Booker T. Washington to the White House, to the outcry of white Southerners. How did Roosevelt's subsequent actions affect his relationship with the African American population?
Correct Answer(s) - Roosevelt appealed to southern whites and their racist sentiments, which angered the African American community. - African Americans opposed Roosevelt's decision to dishonorably discharge an entire regiment of African American soldiers. Incorrect Answer(s) - African Americans supported Roosevelt in large numbers because of his commitment to equality.
What does President Roosevelt's statement reveal about his approach to foreign policy? "I took the Canal Zone and let Congress debate; and while the debate goes on the [construction of the] Canal does also."
Correct Answer(s) - Roosevelt was very willing to use American naval power to secure his goals. - Roosevelt was not always concerned with the legality of his actions. Incorrect Answer(s) - Roosevelt hoped to annex the province of Panama from Columbia and make it an American colony. - Roosevelt personally provided the funds to build the Panama Canal.
How did Herbert Spencer's Social Darwinism, and his ideas of "the survival of the fittest" use Darwin's theory, and how did Darwin and others receive it?
Correct Answer(s) - Social Darwinism took Darwin's ideas of evolutionary theory and applied them to human society. - Social Darwinism argued that competition would produce perfection and happiness. Incorrect Answer(s) - Many people embraced this theory and used it as a justification for limited government intervention. - Darwin embraced this theory and viewed it as the next logical step in evolutionary theory.
Identify the criticisms levied against Wilson's League of Nations proposal.
Correct Answer(s) - Some critics believed that the goals set forth in the League of Nations proposal were far too idealistic to be accomplished. - Some critics argued that it would put limits on American sovereignty. - Some critics argued that it would reignite German militarist nationalism.
Identify how the Second World War empowered women in American society.
Correct Answer(s) - Some women gained a greater degree of financial independence because of the higher wages they earned in wartime manufacturing industries. - The shortage of working-age males due to the war effort enabled women to move from working in the home to joining industrial production. - Hundreds of thousands of women served in the armed forces in either the Women's Army Corps (WAC) or the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES).
What factors spurred President Truman to authorize the use of the second atomic bomb, "Fat Man," on the city of Nagasaki only three days after authorizing the use of an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima?
Correct Answer(s) - The Japanese government had failed to surrender in the immediate aftermath of the bombing of Hiroshima. - Soviet troops moved into Japanese-occupied Manchuria.
Identify the examples of laissez-faire economic doctrine during the late nineteenth century.
Correct Answer(s) - the federal government's lack of oversight for the working conditions for wage earners - low level of federal corporate taxes Incorrect Answer(s) - federal subsidies, loans, and land grants for the building of the first transcontinental railroad - Morrill Tariff
Complete the passage below describing the nature of mining in the late nineteenth century.
Early mining efforts in the second half of the nineteenth century often began as individual endeavors. Miners generally worked long hours and long workweeks, only taking Sundays off. They lived in small tent camps or shacks they built themselves, though at successful mining towns developed with modern amenities. Lone miners usually panned for gold in riverbeds. Beyond that, further mining required large-scale investment and sophisticated mining techniques. These limitations transformed the mining industry from one in which individual miners hoped to "strike it rich" to a big business enterprise with many prospectors working as wage laborers.
Which word best describes President Nixon's strategy in dealing with the Russians in his second administration?
Eradication?
The increasingly bold discussions about sex that occurred during the 1920's were a result of the writings of
F. Scott Fitzgerald
During the early years of the Great Depression, millions of Americans suffered from rising inflation, a collapsing financial system, food shortages, and land evictions. But because most were willing to endure severe wage decreases, employment remained steady.
False
During the period when the United States remained neutral, it treated both the Allied Powers and the Central Powers equally.
False
In 2014 the Hispanic population was only growing in the five states along the Mexican border, which limited Hispanics' political power.
False
In an effort to improve the democratic process, progressives supported initiatives to allow members of the public greater administrative control in local government.
False
Reagan's economic policies revitalized the American economy by creating more manufacturing jobs.
False
T/F: Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business.
False
T/F: The CCC addressed the problem of overcharging by doctors and others in the medical and health professions.
False
T/F: The NAACP favored militant protests over legal challenges as a way to end racial discrimination.
False
The Dodd-Frank bill called for government agencies to exercise less oversight over highly leveraged and highly complex new financial instruments.
False
The Eisenhower Doctrine attempted to initiate an isolationist policy when it came to the Middle East.
False
The First New Deal primarily focused on stimulating the economy in order to end the economic downturn. It did little to address the human suffering that resulted from the Great Depression.
False
Truman chose to recognize the People's Republic of China because the Chinese had an adversarial relationship with the Soviet Union.
False
Truman's Loyalty Order discovered thousands of Communist spies embedded in the federal government, some of whom had passed secret information to the Soviets regarding building atomic weapons.
False
Which of the following did not benefit from a post-World War I economic boom?
Farmers
Individuals labeled Mugwumps were best associated with which concept?
Honest government
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was created to do what?
Make loans to struggling banks, life-insurance companies, and railroads
Complete the passage below describing the extent to which Prohibition was a conservative reaction to immigration.
Many supporters of Prohibition wanted to limit the undesirable activities of immigrant groups, who were believed to drink excessively. During World War I, backlash against German immigrants and beer brewers helped further the cause of Prohibition.
What did critics call President Obama's healthcare reform plan?
Obamacare
Match "old" and "new" immigration to their appropriate descriptions.
Old - mainly from northern and western Europe - generally Protestants and Roman Catholics New - generally practiced Judaism, Roman Catholicism, and Eastern Orthodox religions - seen by some as seeking to make money and then return to their home country
What did the passage of Clinton's 1993 tax increase plan indicate about American politics at the time?
Politics was becoming more divided along party lines.
During George W. Bush's presidency, what event boosted his public approval rate the most?
September 11, 2001
The biggest housing boom after WWII came in this area.
Suburbs
Before the war began, President McKinley attempted to keep the United States neutral and resisted political pressure to start a war with Spain. Once he relented and sought congressional approval for the use of military force, he quickly determined that the United States should keep the territory it gained during the war.
True
German and Japanese leaders both claimed that their people were a superior race destined to dominate their respective regions.
True
In recognition of their vital role, particularly on family farms, and in order to attract more female settlers, several western states were the first to grant women the right to vote and hold political office.
True
T/F: The Roaring Twenties pitted a cosmopolitan urban America against the values of an insular, rural America.
True
The German decision on January 31, 1917 to sink all non-German ships in the Atlantic ultimately resulted in the United States joining World War I.
True
Complete the passage below to describe how muckrakers informed Roosevelt's policies on the regulation of the food industry.
Upton Sinclair wrote a novel that revealed the horrors of the meatpacking industry in 1906. Roosevelt was inspired by the journalist's work and encouraged Congress to pass two laws that would regulate the industry. The Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act allowed the government to inspect food and medicine.
which of the following statements is correct?
after world war II, presidential authority increased at the expense of congressional and state power
when president carter cut federal spending and federal taxes to save the economy, he inadvertently
caused inflation to occur
in 1882 congress banned further immigration to the united states from what country
china
which of the following tribes did not agree to relocate after a conference at medicine lodge, kansas in 1867
delaware
which of the following groups did not fight the war of 1898
dominicans
jack ruby was charged with assassination president john f. kennedy, but doubts about his guilt linger
false
jazz music inspired rural youth to remember their culture's musical roots
false
john steinbeck's the grapes of wrath told of wall street businessmen brought to their knees after black tuesday
false
fear of foreign terrorists and radicalism led to the _________ at the end of the 1910s
first red scare
france and england tried to repay their world war I debts to the united states by collecting reparations from
germany
What was the goal of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that President Obama signed soon after he assumed office in February 2009?
give states extra money to spend on development projects, thus creating jobs
this was a training program introduced by president lyndon johnson that was aimed at inner-city youths ages sixteen to twenty one
job corps
during eisenhower's administration, the conflict in ________ came to an end
korea
what bill did president truman veto because he said it would create a thought police
mccarran internal security act
president lyndon johnson's plan to provide health insurance for the elderly is known as
medicare
richard nixon secured what famous country singer to promote his presidential campaign
merle haggard
this power meant that those newly elected could appoint people to jobs in their sphere of authority
patronage
the doctrine of separate but equal had been created in the landmark case
plessy v. ferguson
the civil rights act of 1964 banned racial segregation everywhere except
schools
President Hoover believed the best ways to help the needy during the Great Depression were ________
self reliance and voluntarism
in an effort to prevent corporations from obtaining market monopolies, congress passed the
sherman anti-trust act
in 1962, tom hayden and al haber created this, the first campus organization based on the tactics employed during the civil rights
students for a democratic society
what was not new technology developed during world war II?
tanks
after the civil war many southerners dreamed of a free world of small farms and industry. it was called
the new south
the monroe doctrine applied to
the new world, independent nations in th eamericas,and areas not currently occupied or colonized by a european power
the panic of 1893 started when
the philadelphia and reading railroad declared bankruptcy
as president, benjamin harrison supported generous pensions for veterans
true
by the early 1970s, the public mood was shifting toward conservatism
true
during the gilded age, voter turnout was significantly higher than it is today
true
harry truman was born and raised in missouri
true
johnsons great society programs helped reduce the number of people living in poverty
true
Analyze the image below. What does it reveal about the conditions in which children worked during the early twentieth century?
Correct Answer(s) - Child laborers suffered high rates of injury and respiratory diseases. - Some children worked in extremely dangerous conditions such as factories, mills, and mines. - Child laborers worked jobs that adults did not. Incorrect Answer(s) - Although child laborers worked long hours, they were well fed and clothed.
Which of the following quotations support Andrew Carnegie's argument in "The Gospel of Wealth" (1889) that "not evil, but good, has come to the [Anglo-Saxon] race from the accumulation of wealth by those who have the ability and energy that produces it"?
Correct Answer(s) -"I have always regarded it as a religious duty to get all I could honorably and to give all I could." —John D. Rockefeller -"Every good man and woman ought to strive for power, to do good with it when obtained. I say, get rich! Get rich!" —Russell Conwell Incorrect Answer(s) -"The growing wealth and influence of our large corporations, is one of the most alarming phenomena of our time. Our public companies already wield gigantic power, and they use it like unscrupulous giants." —The New York Times -"The public be damned!" —William Henry Vanderbilt
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller both forced their workers to labor for long hours nearly every day of the year in dangerous and uncomfortable working conditions. Their labor practices contributed to the creation of their private fortunes, and they gave very little back to the community in the form of philanthropic donations and charitable works.
False
Individuals who identified themselves as women were in solid agreement regarding their desire to enter into the public world.
False
Complete the passage below describing working life in post-Civil War America.
Post-Civil War America witnessed a rising standard of living for most people. While the wealthy accumulated more wealth, others were also becoming better off. A new class of "white collar" professionals emerged, women's opportunities for work expanded, and the number of attorneys, physicians, and professors rose dramatically.
Complete the passage below describing the formation of unions in the nineteenth century.
The increase in the size and power of corporations galvanized efforts to build a national labor union. The Civil War created opportunities for workers with a particular skill to form "craft unions," which grew in size and popularity. The connection of such groups did not occur until the National Labor Union convened in 1866. The organization was primarily concerned with reforming state and local laws to improve working conditions, and often failed to devote the appropriate attention to wages and work hours.
all of the following constitute the great plains except
eastern kansas
according to the lecture, bankruptcy allows someone in debt to get rid of some or all of their debts and keep some of their assets
false
according to the lecture, one of the reasons for corporations was to increase a person's liability
false
according to the lecture, paper money is easily replaced if lost
false
power sources were more expensive in the united states than in other nations around the world
false
the way in which businesses cultivated and bought influence from government officials is called
lobbying
the ________________ was romanitcized interpretations of civil war that envisioned confederates as noble defenders of the southern way of life
lost cause
andrew carnegie is best associated with which industry
steel
what is the name of the u.s. battleship that famously sank in havana harbor in 1898
the maine
according to the lecture, the american medical association was formed by what group?
the middle class
Which of the following contributed to the development of the youth revolt?
(ALL) - the civil rights movement - an American culture of consumerism and convention - Vietnam War - the large number of "baby boomers" attending college
The following events occurred as part of the financial debate between advocates of "sound money" policies and supporters of an expansion of the money supply. Put the events in chronological order to illustrate how the money question became the most important political issue of the late nineteenth century.
- "The Crime of '73" - Sherman Silver Purchase Act - People's party platform of 1892 - Panic of 1893 - President Cleveland convincing Congress to return the nation's money supply to a solely gold standard by repealing the Sherman Silver Purchase Act - Democratic nomination of the pro-silver Bryan as their presidential candidate - McKinley inaugurated as president
Identify the impact that the GI Bill of Rights had on each of the following minority groups who received the benefits in the decade after the Second World War.
- Latino minorities benefited greatly from the GI Bill. - African American veterans were unable to enjoy the full benefits of the GI Bill.
How did the concept of instant gratification and the idea that Americans should be able to "have it all" influence the economy?
- Many Americans went on spending sprees. - Public and private debt increased.
Court-ordered integration inspired "massive resistance" among whites, especially in the South. Describe the events that took place as part of this "massive resistance" at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, and identify the federal government's response.
- Massive resistance to court-ordered school integration waned in all but five southern states. - The Eisenhower administration sent 1,000 troops to deal with white riots that ensued when nine black students attempted to enter their school building. - Some southern politicians called for President Eisenhower's resignation over Little Rock and closed public schools.
How did Eisenhower's political philosophy affect the civil rights movement's strategies?
- Meaningful civil rights leadership came from the Supreme Court. - Eisenhower preferred to allow state and local governments to handle civil rights issues on their own, but was willing to use federal power to maintain law and order.
Identify the areas the following settlers typically inhabited.
- Ranchers & Farmers: This group of people inhabited the Plains. - Trappers & Miners: This group of people inhabited the hills and backcountry, and frequently moved.
What were the terms of the agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union that resolved the Cuban missile crisis and its surrounding tensions?
- The Soviet Union would remove its missiles in Cuba. - The United States would sell the Soviet Union its surplus wheat. - A "hotline" would be installed between Washington and Moscow for instant contact between leaders. - The United States would make a public pledge not to invade Cuba. - The United States would remove U.S. missiles from Italy and Britain. - The United States would agree in secret to remove its missiles from Turkey.
Complete this passage about the events surrounding the Freedom Rides.
- assault - Klu Klux Klan - "burn them alive - burning - chains and clubs
Complete the passage below to explain what influenced Truman's decision to not seek a second term as president.
- frustrated - Korean War - rejected - lowest - unlikey - effective
Complete the passage below describing the housing revolution that took place in America during the postwar economic boom.
- housing - middle class - black southerners - suburbia - Levittowns - conformity - racial equality
Complete this passage about the ratification of one of the most significant acts in American history.
- regotiating - Civil Rights Act - debated - run him over - south
Complete the passage below describing how the automotive industry influenced economic growth in the 1920s.
As more Americans purchased cars, there arose a greater need for the infrastructure to support them. The construction industry thrived as new automotive plants were built, along with roads and bridges. The demand for automobiles also sparked new innovations such as the assembly-line process, which made cars and other mass-produced items more affordable.
Analyze this quotation from an Exoduster minister: "We had rather suffer and be free than go back to the racist South." What does it reveal about the African American western experience?
Correct Answer(s) - African Americans who migrated to Kansas from southern states experienced the hardships of frontier life. - The experiences of blacks in the South were far worse than their current circumstances in the West. Incorrect Answer(s) - Despite that it was far worse than what the slaves had endured in the South, they migrated to the West because of the promise of freedom. - The difficult choice African Americans made when they left the cities of Kansas to live on farms.
What were some of the issues that impeded the implementation of President Wilson's ideal peace plan?
Correct Answer(s) - At the end of the war, Wilson left the United States for six months to attend the peace talks. - Wilson's Fourteen Points were considered to be too idealistic for European leaders, who would not support them without reservations. - Wilson opposed Republicans in Congress who supported him during the war. - In a partisan political move, Wilson refused to appoint Senator Henry Cabot Lodge to the American peace talks delegation.
What were the terms of the 1875 reciprocal trade agreement between Hawaii and the United States?
Correct Answer(s) - Hawaii would not permit other imperial powers leases or land grants on the Hawaiian islands. - Hawaiian sugar would be allowed to enter the United States duty-free. Incorrect Answer(s) - Hawaiians had to allow for American tobacco imports duty-free. - Hawaiians had to allow for American cotton textile imports duty-free.
What were the guarantees put forward by the Atlantic Charter, and what impact did they have on American neutrality?
Correct Answer(s) - The Atlantic Charter stated that it would ensure freedom of the seas after the war. - The Atlantic Charter promised to ensure that all peoples had the right to self-determination. - The Atlantic Charter proposed that the United Nations would replace the League of Nations as the new system of ensuring international security.
How did the Bolshevik Revolution affect the war?
Correct Answer(s) - The Bolsheviks ended Russia's fighting in World War I, eliminating the fighting on the Eastern Front. Incorrect Answer(s) - The Bolsheviks switched sides in the war, becoming allied with Germany and the Central Powers. - The Bolsheviks renewed the Russian war effort against the Central Power, drawing many German troops away from the Western Front as America entered the war. - The Bolsheviks shifted Russian forces toward fighting the Ottoman Empire, drawing Ottoman troops away from the Western Front.
Identify the tactics employed by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to support its mission.
Correct Answer(s) - The NAACP sought to educate people regarding the problems faced by African Americans. - The NAACP actively campaigned for racial equality through the use of legal action.
What were some of the political repercussions of the growing resentment of small farmers, ranchers, miners, and the poor toward a restrictive monetary policy?
Correct Answer(s) - The Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890) is passed. - The People's party (Populists) rises in the Midwest. Incrrect Answer(s) - The Populist party makes a grand bargain with Republicans to address some of the grievances of farmers, ranchers, miners, and other underrepresented groups. - The increasingly popular resentment is unable to significantly affect national politics.
During the late nineteenth century, what were the social and economic circumstances that advocates for a New South faced in the postwar South compared to those in the North?
Correct Answer(s) - The South was far less industrial than the North and depended on the region for goods that southern states were incapable of manufacturing themselves. - The South was far less successful than the North, both in education and per capita income. Incorrect Answer(s) - The South saw a much larger percentage of blacks migrating to cities and away from the countryside, often at a higher rate than African Americans moved in the North. - Though far less productive, the South was much wealthier than the North due to the large multigenerational plantations that continued to profit even after the war.
Identify how new technologies and the rise of consumer culture influenced American life.
Correct Answer(s) - The United States became the leading producer of movies. - The radio became the center of American home life.
Identify some of the ways that the de Lôme letter pushed the United States and Spain closer to war.
Correct Answer(s) - The contents of the letter, which was printed in the New York Journal, further inflamed American public opinion against Spain. - It resulted in a political scandal involving the Spanish ambassador to the United States that led to his resignation. Incorrect Answer(s) - It pushed the Spanish to declare war on the United States in an effort to maintain the veneer of strength in Cuba. - The leak of the letter immediately resulted in Spain severing diplomatic ties with the United States.
In what ways did the entry of the United States into World War I contribute to the defeat of the Central Powers?
Correct Answer(s) - The mobilization of over 1 million U.S. troops helped French and British troops halt and turn the German spring offensive in 1918. - The 1.2 million U.S. soldiers deployed during the Meuse-Argonne offensive critically turned the tide of the war in favor of the Allied Powers.
How did Roosevelt's vision in the 1932 presidential election differ from that of Hoover, the incumbent president?
Correct Answer(s) - Unlike Hoover, Roosevelt believed in using federal funds to thwart poverty and stimulate economic recovery. - Roosevelt was a strong believer in experimenting with new and bold strategies to revive the economy.
Identify the positions President Wilson held, and ultimately conceded, during and following the Paris Peace Conference.
Correct Answer(s) - Wilson ultimately relented to French demands for German territorial concessions. - Wilson had to forego his desire to see all ethnic groups experience a degree of self-determination.
As large-scale corporations became more involved in mining operations in the West, many former prospectors became wage laborers for the companies. In turn, these miners formed unions to represent their interests. Which of the following responsibilities were the unions'?
Correct Answer(s) - to defend miners in cases of on-the-job injury - to negotiate with mining companies to address the issue of low wages Incorrect Answer(s) - to learn the grievances of workers and strike backdoor deals with management to ignore specific issues - to recruit unskilled immigrants to replace workers who didn't cooperate
Industrial production slowed during the 1920s as the American people increasingly purchased consumer goods.
False
President Eisenhower exercised tremendous leadership on behalf of the civil rights movement by encouraging the Supreme Court to take on the case of Brown v. Board of Education.
False
Prior to 1918, Wilson and Roosevelt supported the woman suffrage movement and helped suffragists achieve considerable success, particularly in western states.
False
Progressives all shared the same goals and approved of the same tactics needed to achieve those goals.
False
Progressives did not want the government involved in solving societal problems because many problems stemmed from corruption in the government and in big businesses.
False
Republicans were opposed to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) because they wanted to protect American jobs and depended upon labor unions for political support.
False
Unlike President Roosevelt, Presidents Taft and Wilson were far more reluctant to militarily intervene in Latin America. Taft sent troops to support a revolution in Nicaragua but did not militarily intervene anywhere else. Wilson made good on his promise never to militarily intervene in Latin America throughout his presidency.
False
Unlike the Grange, the ____________ promoted political involvement among its members to enact change for their members.
Farmers' Alliances
The Popular type of art appeared in the early 1920's was known as
Modernism
Complete the passage below describing the influences on the modernist movement.
Modernism began as a reaction to scientific changes, such as the theory of relativity, as well as World War I. Modernists believed that social progress could not be taken for granted and many modernists also did not believe in God. Modernists' experimentation with artistic forms reflected a belief in a subjective reality.
How did Native Americans' attitudes regarding the New Deal change over time?
Native Americans were optimistic at first, but quickly became disappointed in the New Deal, as it failed to improve their lives in significant ways.
Complete the passage to describe the controversy surrounding Darwin's On The Origins of Species.
Objections to Darwin's book were rooted in the religious devotion of Europeans and Americans who embraced a literal interpretation of the Bible. Intense debate emerged from Darwin's idea of the "trial and error" of evolution. To many, Darwin's arguments seemed to suggest that the universe was not controlled by the hand of God, and suggested his ideas would lead to atheism.
How did political polarization affect politics in America?
Republicans and Democrats refused to work together to solve the nation's problems. Both parties disagreed with each other on how the government should address major issues. There were far fewer moderates, and Congress was unable to compromise and found it difficult to pass legislation.
What was not part of Eisenhower's Moderate Republicanism plan?
Restore authority to the federal government
Complete the passage to describe the Nazi Holocaust.
Stories of the Nazi "FINAL SOLUTION" to the "JEWISH PROBLEM" began circulating in 1942. Fear of a resurgence of anti-Semitism stopped American officials and SOME JEWISH LEADERS from openly recognizing the truth of the stories. President Roosevelt created the WAR REFUGEE BOARD to deal with survivors of the Holocaust, but the organization only managed to save APPROXIMATELY 220,000 PEOPLE. All told, the Holocaust claimed the lives of more than 6 million Jews and more than 1 million others.
What occurred immediately after World War II ended in the United States?
The United States experienced a mild recession and then its economy shot to new heights
The Mississippi governor Theodore Bilbo stated in 1931, "Communism is gaining a foothold ... . In fact, I'm feeling a little pink myself." Analyze this quotation, and evaluate its significance for American society during the Great Depression.
The governor was worried that sympathy for communism would gain support among economically devastated Americans in the early years of the Great Depression.
British victory in the Battle of Britain, made possible in part through the use of radar, prevented a German invasion of the island nation. Following the victory, the United States provided Britain with additional supplies to fend off invasions through the Lend-Lease Bill.
True
Despite Truman's failures to convince Congress to support his initiatives on civil rights, health care, and education, his agenda was taken up by future reformers who were able to institute many aspects of these initiatives in the next several decades.
True
During his presidency, Carter's relationship with Congress deteriorated quickly while his relations with the American people deteriorated over time.
True
Social Security has been one of the most enduring legacies of the New Deal, even though Roosevelt never intended for retired Americans to depend solely on Social Security from the federal government during their retirement.
True
The Civilian Conservation Corps was one of the most successful jobs programs of the early New Deal.
True
The Five-Power Treaty, a naval disarmament treaty, also provided President Harding the opportunity to boast that citizens did not have to pay for an expanded navy. Thus it was an example both of Republicans' isolationism, as well as the Republicans' conservative approach to the federal budget.
True
The Wagner Act helped dramatically boost union membership
True
The Watergate burglary was just one of many illegal actions sanctioned by Nixon to discredit his enemies.
True
Woodrow Wilson campaigned under the idea of New Freedom, a program that held that all trusts should be broken up, while Roosevelt and Taft supported law-abiding trusts.
True
Identify the effect that Roosevelt's Second New Deal programs had on unions.
Unions gained membership and became more widely recognized by employers.
After the Armory Show, _________ became one of the nation's favorite topics of debate.
art
in the 20th century, _______ replaced the 19th century's ___________- based economy
consumer goods; agriculture
The purpose of the Works Progress Administration was to
employ out-of-work Americans
power sources such as water coal wood and oil were more expensive in the United States than in other nations
false
president george w. bush gave control of iraq's oil supply as one major reason for the 2003 invasion
false
president johnson was not as adept at handling congress as president kennedy had been
false
president wilson suffered a temporarily incapacitating stroke in france while negotiating the peace treaty
false
the biggest scandal under president hoover was the teapot dome affair of 1930
false
the bracero program mobilized native americans to support the war effort
false
the homestead act of 1862 encouraged the development of thriving western farms
false
warren g. harding was shot by the assassin charles guiteau
false
wendy's restaurant purchasing mcdonald's is a vertical integration
false
the opposite of democracy, this form of government involves a dictator who controls all aspects of his nation's life
fascism
in the soviet union, communist hardliners saw this man as the reason for the collapse of their government
mikhail gorbachev
the was a series of state constitutional amendments designed to restrict black voting
mississippi plan
which of the following is not an area where the CIA helped orchestrate pro-U.S. endings to internal events in the 1950s?
prussia
all of the following forces supported late 19th century imperialism except
racial equality
economists call a marked slowdown in economic growth a
recession
immediately following the conclusion to world war I, ________ divided people in regards to immigration issues
red scare
which of the following items needed to be imported into the united states from 1867-1945
rubber
what did one journalist call the social and intellectual center of the neighborhood during the gilded age in large cities
saloons
Match the various groups of Americans with their typical views of U.S. monetary policy.
supported the expansion of the money supply - farmers - ranchers - debtors supported a "sound money" monetary policy that focused on restricting the money supply - bankers - moneylenders
After the attack on 9/11, President Bush launched a war on
terror
which statement best describes president eisenhowers belief on ending segregation
that is must start with the state and local levels
According to your textbook, at the very end of the War of 1898
the Philippines was an American colony.
the first telltale sign of the collapse of the soviet union was
the destruction of the berlin wall
this document gave president lyndon johnson the authoirty to prevent further aggresion in vietnam toward the united states
the gulf of tonkin resolution
the extermination of "undesirables" that led to approximately 9 million deaths in europe is called
the holocaust
american isolationists in 1940 were primarily located in
the midwest
what was not one of the factors that occured after WWII that led to the Cold War
the return of fascism in italy, forcing a division in the united nations
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was designed
to provide cash to states to spend on various projects
the american recovery and reinvestment act was designed
to provide cash to states to spend on various projects
japan bombed pearl harbor at least partially due to a US oil embargo of japan
true
the united states entered WWII on december 7, 1941
true
woodrow wilson was a ministers son who grew up in the south
true
the so-called big four at the peace conference negotiations to end the great war included all of the following except
vladimir lenin
what was not a problem that president obama inherited when he was inaugurated
war in libya
Identify the impacts of the innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution.
- Electric Motors - allowed factory owners to locate factories wherever they wished - Investment Banks - allowed railroads to raise capital by selling shares of stock to investors - Sewing Machine - allowed clothing to be mass produced
Order the following events that contributed to the organized labor movement in the late nineteenth century.
- The Knights of labor emerge - The Haymarket Riot erupts - The American Federation of Labor forms - AFL passes the knights of labor in total membership - The American Railway Union organizes the Pullman Strike
Following the Civil War, the American economy prospered. Identify the factors that contributed to this advantageous economic circumstance in the United States.
All the above
Identify the ways that large-scale "bonanza" farms were similar to the new practices of the industrial sector.
Correct Answer(s) - They hired hundreds of seasonal immigrant laborers to help during the harvest. - They used the most advanced machinery and the latest scientific research available. - They were owned by corporations Incorrect Answer(s) - They served only the domestic market. - Their managers had little formal education.
To the degree that a partnership existed between Big Business and the federal government following the end of the Civil War, all regions of the nation were universally supportive of such a partnership and the government policies that developed as a result of it.
False
Workers and corporations had equal support from the federal government. American Railway Union President Eugene V. Debs was able to win two major concessions from Pullman.
There were serious consequences for women who sought to escape the "cult of domesticity" and to better establish themselves in the public world. Some women who did so contracted a psychological and physical disorder called neurasthenia. This affliction usually included insomnia, hysteria, headaches, depression, and constant fatigue. This disorder plagued both sexes, but disproportionately affected college-educated middle-class women.
what invention spurred the industrial and urban development?
electricity
the treaty that ended the war of 1898 and made cuba independent was the
treaty of paris
a french company dug a canal part of the way through the panama in the 1880s
true
according to the lecture, attempting to control most or all of a single level of an industry is called horizontal integration
true
Identify the impacts that the innovations that occurred prior to and during the Second Industrial Revolution had on economic growth after the war.
- Applying the scientific method to industrial processes - The improvement in steel enabled the transportation revolution and the construction of skyscrapers. - Modern transportation and communication infrastructure - This came about with the completion of the transcontinental railroads, improvements in steamship technology, and the connection between the United States and Europe via telegraph cables. - Creation of electrical power - This enabled rapid urban development; it greatly increased the speed, power, and efficiency of machinery. Further, it aided in the construction of taller buildings.
Just as technological innovations were critical to the economic growth of the late nineteenth century, so too were innovations in finance and business organizations. Match the financial and business terms below with their definitions.
- Monopoly: business that grows so large that it effectively controls an entire industry - Trust: an arrangement that gives a person or corporation the legal power to manage another person's money or another company - Corporation: legal entity that separates the ownership of an enterprise from the management of its operations and affords shareholders the protection of limited liability - Holding Company: owns a majority of the stock in other companies, but produces nothing itself - Shares Of Stock: financial instrument representing partial owners of a company
Identify the following locations on the map.
- Nevada -The Chinese did much of the labor on this half of the first transcontinental railroad. - Idaho - This is where the two halves of the first transcontinental railroad meet - Wyoming - This was the location of America's first National Park. - Co Territory - This was the long of the two halves of the first transcontinental railroad.
Identify the policy priorities of the Republican-led Congress that spurred economic growth following the Civil War.
Correct Answer(s) - Congress implemented the reconstruction policies in the former Confederacy. - Congress advanced policies that supported westward expansion. - Congress enacted commercial and industrial development programs. Incorrect Answer(s) - Congress enacted legislation that incorporated Native Americans into the Union as U.S. citizens.
Complete the passage below describing the role that government played in building the colossal Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan fortunes.
The development of such massive fortunes as those of Andrew Carnegie, J. P. Morgan, and John D. Rockefeller required a great deal of business prowess and individual genius, but it took more than that. To become one of the tycoons of Big Business required government support. To ensure the prosperity of their enterprises, corporations purchased government influence by lobbying. In return, the legislative and executive branches of the U.S. government adopted laissez-faire economic policies. This meant that the government did not impose significant corporate taxes or meaningfully monitor the working conditions of wage laborers.
How did the rights of gay Americans evolve during Obama's presidency? Put the events in chronological order.
- Congress repeals the "don't ask, don't tell" policy. - Obama endorses same-sex marriage. - The Supreme Court overturns the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA).
How did the end of the Cold War influence the foreign-policy visions of Clinton and Bush?
- Bush never articulated a new foreign-policy strategy. - Clinton wanted to send economic aid to countries that had been a part of the Soviet Union.
How did the breakup of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War influence Bush's foreign policy?
- Bush struggled to understand the changing political landscape of the world. - The end of the Cold War brought instability on a large scale.
What was Carter's response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?
- Carter imposed a grain embargo on the Soviet Union. - Carter imposed an American boycott on the Moscow summer Olympics.
What major difficulties did Clinton experience during his presidency?
- Clinton failed to pass health-care reform. - Clinton's reputation was damaged by scandals.
To what extent was Clinton's foreign policy a success?
- Clinton negotiated several significant agreements between Israel and the PLO. - Clinton authorized military action that put an end to ethnic cleansing in the Balkans.
Identify how popular culture was influenced by the conservative reaction to civil rights and the rise of the "silent majority."
- All in the Family became a popular television show. - Merle Haggard's song "Okie from Muskogee" became a smash hit. - Southern culture became popular throughout the United States.
How did the election of 2010 change President Obama's ability to pursue his policy goals?
- Democrats and moderate Republicans lost their Congressional seats to more conservative candidates. - The Tea Party became a powerful force in American politics.
Complete the passage below describing the Suez crisis that occurred in the Middle East during the Eisenhower administration.
- Egypt - Canal - weapons - dam - French
How did the Reagan Doctrine modify the containment strategy?
- The Reagan Doctrine granted U.S. support to brutal dictatorships in order to oppose Soviet expansion. - The Reagan Doctrine supported U.S. attempts to outspend the Soviet Union in an arms race.
President Roosevelt faced four major challenges when he first took office. They included all of the following except?
Aiding European governments abroad
During the 1950s, the United States experiences a wave of juvenile delinquency. What was a primary cause?
Access to automobiles
Which of the following ideologies did suffragists incorporate into their movement?
Activists used the social gospel to make a case for women's suffrage.
Identify how science influenced culture in the 1920s.
Advances in science caused people to question long-standing beliefs about the world.
What segment of the economy was not actively engaged in recruiting newly arrived immigrants during the Gilded Age?
Agriculture
Eisenhower considered this the biggest mistake he had ever made.
Appoint Chief Justice Earl Warren
Complete the passage below regarding the state of Europe's economy toward the end of the 1920s.
As European countries began to recover from the FINANCIAL RUIN brought about by the First World War, they REDUCED their purchases of U.S. goods. Additionally, debts owed by European countries to America prompted U.S. banks to lend such nations huge amounts of money, which only contributed to their overall DEBT. When the banks could no longer support European countries, and government policies made it more difficult to SELL European goods in America, both the European and American economies spiraled into a depression.
Complete the passage below describing the Battle of Little Bighorn.
As part of what would become known as the Great Sioux War in early 1874, Lieutenant Colonel Custer was ordered to return Sioux and Cheyenne warriors to their reservation and kill them if they resisted. Instead, at the Battle of Little Bighorn, Chief Crazy Horse's warriors overwhelmed and annihilated the U.S. forces. Instead of following up on their victory, the Native Americans resumed hunting and were eventually defeated and forced back on reservations by replenished federal forces sent by President Grant.
With the signing of the Treaty of ________ Russia ended its involvement in the Great War
Brest- Litovsk
Explain the presidential election map of 1896 by matching the constituency with its candidate.
Bryant - farmers in the wheat and cotton belt - states with large silver mines McKinley - northeastern and Iowa farmers - corporations and the wealthy - urban workers - Catholics - bankers
Identify the accurate description of Bush's response to the Great Recession.
Bush prevented big financial institutions from collapsing, but failed to end the recession.
According to your textbook, Roosevelt's early higher taxes of the first New Deal were often criticized by ________________ and _________________.
Business leaders; political conservatives
The 1851 Fort Laramie Treaty ensured that Plains Indians maintained some of their ancestral homeland. What contributed to the provisions of the treaty?
Chiefs from numerous Plains Indian tribes agreed to accept defined territorial borders for the Native Americans of the Plains and mountainous West, but had to allow white settlers' wagon caravans to pass through their territory on their way West.
Complete the passage below describing why Chinese people migrated to the West and the difficulties they experienced there.
Chinese immigrants, many of who settled in California to work on the railroads and in the mining industry, were often the subject of harsh discrimination and denied the rights of citizenship. They were often blamed during times of economic struggle and were officially banned from immigrating to the United States through the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Why were Republicans unable to remove Clinton from office after he was impeached?
Clinton's crimes were not severe enough to warrant removing him from office.
Complete the passage below describing how consumer culture influenced the American standard of living.
Consumer goods improved the American quality of life. During the 1920s, the number of Americans with access to electricity nearly doubled. Americans had greater access to modern consumer goods, thanks to the creation of national retailers. The national consumer culture also led to a mass culture in which Americans began to consume the same radio programs, movies, magazines, and advertisements.
Analyze this quotation by a Kansas congressman: "On the one side is beer, bolshevism, unassimilating settlements and perhaps many flags—on the other side is constitutional government; one flag, stars and stripes."
Correct Answer(s) - Fears of immigrants' radical political beliefs inspired nativism. - Ethnic prejudices contributed to support for Prohibition. - Many native-born Americans feared the new type of immigrants who had arrived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
How did the Granger movement seek to help farmers across the South and the Great Plains alleviate some of the hardships caused by a shrinking money supply?
Correct Answer(s) - It helped establish Granger laws that provided additional protections to small farmers. - It helped farmers organize, develop "cooperatives," and reduce storage and transportation fees. - It was the first to help isolated farmers politically organize for policies that would change the money supply. Incorrect Answer(s) - It unified black and white tenant farmers across the country against their perceived oppressors.
What were some of the benefits the United States received in its purchase of Alaska?
Correct Answer(s) - It provided the United States with more ports along the coast of North America. - Alaska contained a tremendous wealth of gold and oil. - The purchase removed an imperial power, Russia, from North America. Incorrect Answer(s) - The purchase caused British Colombia to join the Union.
Describe the Roosevelt Corollary, and identify the event that prompted Roosevelt to amend the crucial Monroe Doctrine.
Correct Answer(s) - It stated that in specific situations the United States could legitimately intervene in Latin America to inhibit other countries from doing so. - A crisis in the Dominican Republic over the country's debts propelled Roosevelt to issue this corollary. Incorrect Answer(s) - It stated that the United States had a legal right to intervene militarily in Europe at any sign of European interference in Latin America. - A military blockade of Venezuela by European powers prompted Roosevelt to declare an emergency cabinet meeting to draft the Roosevelt Corollary.
What does this image reveal about the moral and practical problems that annexation of the Philippines created for the United States?
Correct Answer(s) - The United States found itself fighting a guerilla war against the Filipino insurrection, a war that saw American troops use many questionable tactics. - Racism led American troops to commit many atrocities against Filipino insurrectionists, including torture. Incorrect Answer(s) - The vast majority of Americans opposed the annexation of the Filipino insurrection, leading to the growing unpopularity of the McKinley administration's imperialist policies. - American troops were able to suppress the Filipino insurrection without the loss of many American lives.
What were some of the arguments advanced in Alfred Thayer Mahan's The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783?
Correct Answer(s) - The United States needed to establish colonies outside of North America to provide raw materials and new markets for American industry. - Foreign colonies could also be used as naval bases to resupply American naval vessels with coal, water, and other essentials. - Mahan argued that a modern navy was necessary to support American economic development. Incorrect Answer(s) - Large-scale land armies were crucial in holding territory initially brought under control by naval power.
How did the U.S. armed forces prepare for the ensuing war with Spain around the time President McKinley signed the war resolution?
Correct Answer(s) - Theodore Roosevelt ordered Commodore George Dewey to attack Spanish troops in the Philippines if war broke out over Cuba. - The U.S. standing army more than quadrupled in size because of the number of men who immediately enlisted. Incorrect Answer(s) - The U.S. Navy positioned warships near Hawaii to protect their newly annexed territory from the Spanish navy. - The U.S. Navy prepared to engage Spanish warships just off the coast of Spain.
Analyze the following quotation from the U.S. attorney general, and evaluate its significance for Roosevelt's presidency: "No, Mr. President, if I were you I would not have any taint of legality about it."
Correct Answer(s) - This advice was crucial for Roosevelt to carry on with the construction of the canal without any uncertainty regarding the legality of the Canal Zone. - This piece of legal advice was offered in regard to Panama's sudden extension of the Canal Zone after they declared independence. Incorrect Answer(s) - This advice was crucial for Roosevelt to protect the Panamanian revolt and ensure that a U.S.-friendly ambassador assumed office. - This piece of legal advice was offered in regard to Roosevelt's decision to place U.S. warships in Panama to prevent Columbian troops from reaching the Canal Zone.
Frederick Jackson Turner's "frontier thesis" described the history of the United States in relation to its history of westward expansionism. What were some of the criticisms levied against his thesis?
Correct Answer(s) - Turner largely omitted the negative repercussions of westward expansion in favor of tales of "heroism, triumph, and progress." - His "frontier thesis" substantially addressed the history of only white male Christian settlers. Incorrect Answer(s) - Immediately after its publication, historians disregarded Turner's thesis as unworthy of scholarly consideration. - Many critics alleged that Turner's "frontier thesis" was too supportive of the Native American struggle against the United States.
Shortly after the United States declared war on Germany, millions of young working-age men were removed from the labor force as a result of the draft. How did this change impact women's roles in the job market?
Correct Answer(s) - Women increasingly took industrial jobs as the men who would traditionally fill those positions were away fighting the war.
What were the unintended consequences of running governments more efficiently with the city-manager plan?
Correct Answer(s) - Working-class voters felt disenfranchised. - Local governments provided fewer services to citizens. Incorrect Answer(s) - Cities became a miserable place to live, as governments were no longer responsive to the needs of the people. - The cost of hiring a city manager was far more than the manager could save by running the government efficiently.
The climate and soil conditions on the Plains made farming extremely difficult. Identify the inventions that helped to improve the productivity of Plains farmers.
Correct Answer(s) - chilled-iron "sodbuster" plow - manure spreaders - threshing machines Incorrect Answer(s) - tractor
In 1962, U.S. spy planes discovered what appeared to be Soviet missile sites in
Cuba
Complete the passage below to describe the innovations that allowed for greater city access.
Developments in transportation allowed people to live farther from work as railways and streetcars provided easier access to downtown workplaces. An expanding middle class took advantage of these commuter trains and trolleys and lived in quieter neighborhoods or "streetcar suburbs". Poor, working-class city dwellers, especially immigrants and African Americans, did not have the means to live in these suburban areas.
Nixon responded swiftly and effectively to curb stagflation and improve the economy.
False
Nixon's victory in the election of 1968 was the result of the nation's desire to abandon the Vietnam War.
False
What helped drive the consumer culture of the 1920s?
Effective marketing tactics
Identify the strategy for dealing with communism that Eisenhower supported during his campaign.
Eisenhower wanted to restore freedom to Eastern European nations under Communist control.
Conservatives during the 1950s were outraged by the actions of the new generation. Who best epitomized their scorn?
Elvis Presley
Obama pursued an aggressive campaign of nation building to support democracy in the Middle East in accordance with the Obama Doctrine.
False
President Cleveland's veto of Congress' attempt to provide seeds to Texas farmers was a testament to his devotion to the spoils system.
False
Every presidential administration from Andrew Johnson to William McKinley strongly supported the annexation of Hawaii.
False
Global competition increased after the war. Throughout the fifties, America faced major challenges in its efforts to maintain a profitable trade in manufactured goods.
False
Henry Woodfin Grady attributed the successful rise of the New South to the meticulous implementation of Congressional Reconstruction policies.
False
President Taft's dollar diplomacy was a complete rejection of the Roosevelt Corollary. His goal was to assist Latin Americans in becoming economically stable in order to resist European meddling in their affairs. He renounced all use of military force in the region
False
President Wilson's populist transcontinental speaking tour caused enough voters to put pressure on their senators to get the Treaty of Versailles ratified.
False
Identify Wilson's policies that were victories for the progressive movement.
Federal Highways Act - allowed farmers to transport their goods more easily Sixteenth Amendment - helped offset lost revenue due to the reduction of the tariff Federal Farm Loan Act - provided long-term farm loans Adamson Act - shortened the workday for railroad workers
Complete the passage below describing the ramifications of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, with German support, attempted to exercise control over Serbian internal affairs. In response, Russia mobilized forces in defense of Serbia. This initial military mobilization activated both major European military alliances: the Central Powers composed of Italy, Germany, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as well as the opposing Allied Powers made up of Great Britain, Russia, and France. It was the German declaration of war that, at that time, began the bloodiest war in human history.
In the 1984 election, the first female vice-presidential candidate was nominated. Who was she?
Geraldine Ferraro
In the Sussex Pledge, the Germans promised what?
German U-boats would not fire merchant of passenger ships.
___________ and ____________ wanted Germany to pay for the entire financial cost of the war.
Great Britain, France
The section of the Republican party during the Gilded Age that was concerned with the excesses of the time were known as the
Half- Breeds
What was President Clinton's greatest legislative failure during his first administration?
Health care reform
Why did President Truman not seek a second term of his own?
He knew he would not win.
How did Roosevelt view his presidency, and how was this perception reflective of his personality?
He saw the presidency as a national platform for expressing the importance of various virtues, reflecting his unwavering sense of self-righteousness.
Why did Roosevelt choose to vigorously enforce the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
He wanted to break up companies that acted in unfair and illegal ways.
In 1937, President Roosevelt tried to add six new justices to the Supreme Court. Why?
He wanted to change the courts makeup to aid his policies
Complete the passage below to describe the early months of World War II.
Immediately following the German conquest of POLAND, World War II broke out, though the first three months of the war was dubbed "THE PHONE WAR" because of the constant stalemate. After the WINTER of 1940, the German armed forces implemented the BLITZKRIEG and quickly overcame numerous nations in quick succession; the final result was the conquest of FRANCE and the establishment the FASCIST VICHY REGIME.
Complete the passage below describing the Ghost Dance Movement in the late nineteenth century.
In 1888, a Native American named Wovoka claimed to have visited the spirit world and announced that a deliverer would be coming to help Indians restore their native lands. To hasten this development, he urged Native Americans to perform a ceremonial dance that would make them bulletproof in battles with white soldiers. By 1890, this ceremonial Ghost Dance had spread to Lakota Sioux in South Dakota. The dance frightened white authorities in the area, who banned it, leading to tension in which nervous soldiers fired into peaceful crowds of Native Americans. This gunfire resulted in the Battle of Wounded Knee, in which over 200 Indians died.
Complete the passage below describing some of the regulatory policies implemented under the First New Deal to address the nation's shaky financial sector.
In addition to creating the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the BANKING Act of 1933 also included a crucial section called the GLASS-STEAGALL ACT, which blocked COMMERCIAL banks from investing their consumers' savings in the stock market by SEPARATING commercial banking and investment banking into two distinct categories. Those banks categorized as investment were the ONLY banks allowed to participate in the stock market.
Complete the passage below to describe the recruitment of foreign workers for cheap labor in American industries.
In an attempt to recruit low-wage laborers to work in quickly growing industries, such as mines and railroads, companies sent agents abroad to spark a desire for migration to the United States. Travel expenses for immigrants were partly subsidized by the federal government through the Contract Labor Act until its repeal in 1868. It took twenty years for the government to prevent companies from importing foreign workers, which had allowed them complete control of immigrant laborers.
Analyze the map below. Immigrants from which of the following nations faced discrimination for their radical political ideologies?
Italy
Fears of revolution were so widespread in post-war America that the U.S. attorney general created a government division to collect information on radicals headed by
J Edgar Hoover
What did not play a role in the terrible economic conditions in the South during the late 19th century?
Lack of labor
During the Great War, Wilson's administration organized the sale of _________, which guaranteed a fixed rate of return to fund the war.
Liberty Bonds
"The army is about to take me to fight for democracy ... but I would [rather] fight for democracy right here," said a black Detroit draftee. What does this quotation reveal about African Americans' views on the war?
Many African Americans during the war commented on the irony of fighting against racist ideologies abroad, while tolerating segregation and discrimination in the United States.
During the 1930s, China was weakened by civil war between _____________ and _____________
Mao Zedong, Chiang Kai-shek
Match the organization to the reformers who were inspired by the early civil rights movement during the 1960s and 1970s.
Native Americans: - AIM women: - WRAP - NOW Mexican American migrant workers: - UFW
Ratified in 1920, the ________________ rewarded women who had worked so hard during the Great War with the right to vote.
Nineteenth Amendment
How did the political environment of the late sixties and early seventies influence Nixon's relationship with Congress?
Nixon had to support policies that appealed to conservatives and liberals alike.
When the United States entered the Great War, American troops were most needed
On the Western Front
When the United States entered the Great War, American troops were most needed
On the Western front
Complete the passage below describing the first decisions that Roosevelt made to address the collapse of thousands of the nation's banks.
One of Roosevelt's advisors claimed that in his first eight days as president, Roosevelt "saved CAPITALISM." Most of this can be attributed to Roosevelt's push for the Emergency BANKING Relief Act, which led to a four-day CLOSURE of all banks in order to diffuse the panic surrounding the financial sector. Roosevelt reinforced his strategy through FIRESIDE chats, during which he assured Americans that they could safely deposit their money in banks once again. These reassurances proved successful as people RETURNED their money to the banks once they reopened.
why did the japanese often experience such high casualty rates during world war II?
they refused to surrender
What was Time magazine implying when it asserted that Roosevelt was "waging the first great undeclared war in U.S. history"?
Roosevelt's aid—military, financial, and diplomatic—to the Allied Powers and the embargo on Japan had already amounted to U.S. involvement in the conflict without a declaration of war.
The meeting between President Nixon and the Soviet Union resulted in the ___________ treaty.
SALT I
Identify the reason Secretary of State William H. Seward was concerned with the United States controlling Hawaii.
Seward wanted to increase American trade with Asia, and Hawaii served as an ideal launching point.
How did the following progressive reforms contribute to the promotion of social justice in the United States?
Sixteenth Amendment - income tax created by Congress to redistribute wealth and prevent the richest Americans from controlling all the nation's wealth National Consumers League - educated Americans about child labor and poor working conditions Temperance Movement - campaign against the evils of alcohol
In 1939, Congress passed the Neutrality Act of 1939 to allow Britain and France to send their own ships to the United States to bring back American military supplies. Which statement describes Americans' feelings about the war at the time this act was passed?
The American people wanted to arm and financially support nations opposing Germany and Japan, as long as those same powers fought the war and Americans did not.
After the stock market crash of 1929, the Federal Reserve reduced the nation's money supply in an attempt to prevent inflation in consumer prices and restore confidence in the economy. This policy shrunk the nation's money supply by one-third between 1929 and 1932. What impact did this action have on the economy?
The Federal Reserve withdrew money from the economy, slowing economic growth rather than stimulating it.
Which of the following statement's regarding President Wilson's Fourteen Points is incorrect?
The Fourteen Points called for racial equality
Who did the Great Depression affect?
The Great Depression affected all classes and colors.
The African American's first literary and artistic movement is known as
The Harlem Renaissance
Complete the passage below describing foreign fascist involvement in the Spanish Civil War.
The Spanish Civil War erupted in 1936 with FRANCISCO FRANCO'S MILITARY COUP, which sent the fledgling Spanish republic into turmoil. GERMANY and Italy sent TROOPS AND MILITARY SUPPORT to bolster Franco's FASCIST forces, which ultimately overthrew the Spanish republic.
How did the Watergate scandal affect Ford's foreign policy decisions?
The Watergate scandal did not affect Ford's foreign policy.
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was part of which of the following larger conflicts that led to the outbreak of World War I?
The conflict between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Serbia
Complete the passage below describing the crop-lien system in the South and the various problems it created for the region.
The crop-lien system was an extremely destructive and inefficient enterprise that severely damaged the land and deteriorated the soil. Poor farmers were prohibited from sustaining themselves by growing their own vegetables, as landowners forced an exclusively "cash crop" harvest. Moreover, most farmers didn't feel a strong tie to the land they worked and were not invested in sustaining the soil or the equipment they used, as both belonged to someone else.
What effect did Reaganomics have on the economy by the end of the president's first term?
The economy pulled itself out of recession and began to recover.
Complete the passage below describing the last Native American military resistance.
The final obstacle to manifest destiny was the Native Americans in the West. The Blackfeet and Crows were forced out of their territory in Montana. The Modocs briefly resisted settler encroachment in northern California and southern Oregon. The Utes were forced to abandon their ancestral homeland in Colorado. This was the fate of many Native American tribes in the American West that resisted the expropriation of their land.
What made immigration different in the time between 1860 and 1920 than in previous years?
The immigrants tended to come from eastern and southern Europe.
Analyze this quotation from the New York Times concerning the use of an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. "Yesterday ... we clinched victory in the Pacific, but we sowed the whirlwind." Which of the following statements does it support?
The journalist feared that the United States, by using an atomic weapon to secure victory in World War II, had created a problem that would cultivate future conflicts.
Which of the following statements regarding America in the immediate aftermath of the Great War is correct?
The peace did not bring stability to America.
Identify the ways in which the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts contributed to the war effort.
They helped sell war bonds that eventually helped fund the war effort.
How did members of the Lost Generation contribute to the modernist movement?
They voiced concerns about the state of the post-World War I society.
How did radio and movies revolutionize the mass culture?
Through marketing and advertising, people were made aware of new products
Thanks to this section of the Educational Amendments of 1972, discrimination on the basis of gender was forbidden at institutions that received federal funding.
Title IX
According to President Kennedy, "The civil rights movement owes Bull Connor as much as it owes Abraham Lincoln." The nonviolent confrontation tactics employed by the civil rights movement were effective in drawing public attention to segregation in the South. Pictured: Policemen unleash their dogs on nonviolent civil rights demonstrators in Birmingham, Alabama, in May 1963.
True
According to the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. government viewed the spread of communism as a global threat; thus, it regarded every conflict with the Communist movement as equally important in preventing nations from falling like dominos to communism.
True
Castro's Cuba was the greatest foreign policy embarrassment for the Eisenhower administration.
True
When the Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington to demand that Congress assist economically strapped World War I veterans, how did President Hoover respond?
When Congress did not act on the veterans' demands, Hoover's primary concern was to remove the homeless veterans who remained camped out near the Capitol building. He made no effort to address their demands for a bonus on their pensions.
Who made up the so-called Bonus Expeditionary Force?
World War I veterans
Identify the main criticism of Truman's plan for a peacetime economy.
World War II was over, and so was the Great Depression; the need for an "expansion" of the New Deal was unnecessary and pointless.
At this conference, representatives from Russia, England, and the United States proposed the division of Europe after World War II ended.
Yalta
Identify the political agendas of the following activist movements.
Youth International Party (Yippie): - This movement created political statements through ironic pranks and mischievous, drug-induced antics. Its activism was often designed to "mock" the conventional themes of American politics and culture. Free-Speech Movement (FSM): - Formed by student activists, who fought for the freedom for university students to protest on campus, this movement swiftly turned into a political criticism of the overall university bureaucracy. Students for a Democratic Society (SDS): - Initiated by student activists, this group fought to change the unjust and unequal administration of American democracy.
after living for a time in the west, roosevelt maintained that indians were
a lesser race
the second new deal focused on all of the following except
a reduction in taxes
united states involvement in vietnam started at the battle of
dien bien phu
In order to wage the Great War, the United States government did all of the following except
draft millions of young women
in order to wage the great war, the united states government did all of the following except
draft millions of young women
in response to the crises of he great depression, states deported __________ and _________
filipinos, chinese
is a sensationalist style of newspaper reporting that appeared during the Spanish American War
yellow journalism
Order the following events that led to the dominance of the Standard Oil Company.
-The Standard Oil Company gains more than 90 percent of the oil refining market in the United States. -Rockefeller creates the Standard Oil Trust to circumvent anti-monopoly legislation. -The Supreme Court of Ohio orders that the Standard Oil Trust be dissolved. -Rockefeller brings his entire industrial empire under the direction of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, a gigantic holding company.
put the following items in the correct sequential order of appearance according to the lecture
1. bullion 2. paper money 3. checks 4. credit cards
according to the lecture, what decade would be considered to be the start of modern america
1920s
Skilled and unskilled workers enjoyed similar pay during the Gilded Age, as there was no clear disparity between the two types of work.
False
Complete the passage below describing how the Second Industrial Revolution affected the roles of women in American society.
New inventions enabled women to work in a wider variety of fields. Business offices changed in response to the invention of the typewriter. Women were thought to be better suited than men to perform this kind of clerical office work and were hired in large numbers and paid less than their male counterparts. In addition, inventions such as the sewing machine created new jobs for women, but unlike positions in business offices, these jobs forced women to work long hours in sweatshops as a result of the technological innovation. Both these technologies helped the economy grow by increasing the productivity of labor and by expanding the labor market.
John D. Rockefeller implemented a business strategy known as horizontal integration to grow his Standard Oil Company. What was the central foundation of this business practice?
The most dominant corporation in a particular industry either buys out its competitors or forces them out of business with the end goal of constructing a monopoly.
according to the lecture, early turnpikes allowed people, like our shoemaker, to travel substantially faster than before
false
according to the lecture, the first time that documents could be sent faster than the speed of transportation was with the invention of the
fax machine
Identify the policies that the federal government enacted to incorporate the western territories into the national economy.
Correct Answer(s) - Congress passed and implemented the Homestead Act, which created new economic markets by giving land to those who would work it. - Congress provided land grants, loans, and federal subsidies to build the transcontinental railroad. - The Morrill Land Grant Act gave each state land in proportion to the number of members of Congress that represented that state. Incorrect Answer(s) - Congress passed the Morrill Tariff, which increased taxes on imported manufactured goods.
This advertisement from Ladies' Home Journal is evidence of which of the following?
Correct Answer(s) - the identification of many middle-class women with the domestic life - the growing importance of marketing and advertising in "every department of life" - the greater availability and variety of consumer items Incorrect Answer(s) - the widespread affliction of neurasthenia
Identify the various issues that encompassed the controversial "woman question" in the latter half of the nineteenth century.
Correct Answer(s) - the issue of women's enfranchisement - the liberation of some women from the home Incorrect Answer(s) - the ability of well financed, upper-class women to run for public office - the freeing of some women from social and character requirements forced upon them
What improvements in transportation and communication promoted the onset of the Second Industrial Revolution?
Correct Answer(s) -The completion of the transcontinental railroads and the improvements in steamship technology helped connect American goods to global markets. -The laying of telegraph cables between the United States and Europe improved the rate of communication more significantly than any previous invention. Incorrect Answer(s) -Improvements to the U.S. military's cavalry troops enabled the expansion of the United States westward through Native American territory. -The invention of the metal movable-type printing press greatly increased the availability and affordability of newspapers across the United States.
In the aftermath of the Civil War, what was the nature of the relationship between the Republican-led federal government and Big Business?
The U.S. government and large corporations became increasingly close allies following the end of the Civil War.
which of the following statements regarding the consequences of the war of 1898 is most accurate
the war boosted american self confidence and reinforced racist attitudes
the camp david accords were agreements between iran and iraq
false
Perhaps one of the greatest catalysts to reform during the Gilded Age was the assassination of
President Garfield.
Immigrants who arrived before 1890 to the United States were primarily
Protestant
the fair deal was president trumans name for his approach to foreign policy in the early days of the cold war
false
in 1899, the united states divided control of the samoa islands with
germany
heading into the second world war, _______ and _______ embraced facism
germany, italy
Put in chronological order the following major events of the Allied war effort.
- American and British leaders meet at the Casablanca Conference and develop a strategy to win the war. - The eventual surrender of 250,000 German and Italian troops leaves the Allies in control of North Africa. - The Allied Powers take control of Sicily and end Benito Mussolini's Fascist dictatorship. - At the Tehran Conference, the leaders of the Allied Powers plan the invasion of Nazi-occupied France and the Russian invasion of eastern Europe. - The Allied Powers begin the combat portion of Operation Overlord.
Identify the events that contributed to stagflation.
- Arab oil embargo: Oil became scarce, and energy prices increased. - budget deficits: Deficit spending on Great Society programs and the Vietnam War resulted in an expansion of the money supply. - Yom Kippur War: OPEC refused to sell oil to nations that supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War. - baby boomers: The workforce grew faster than the number of new jobs.
Identify the following contributions to the modernist movement.
- Armory Show: made modern art popular in the United States - Lost Generation: produced cynical literary works inspired by the events of World War I - Albert Einstein: produced scientific discoveries that changed the way people viewed reality
Which population groups grew the fastest at the end of the twentieth century?
- Asian Americans - multiracial Americans - Hispanic Americans
Identify the nations and regions involved in the European run up to World War II.
- Austria: Hitler forced the Anschluss, or union, of this nation with Germany. - Italy: This nation was the first in Europe to be ruled by fascists. - Great Britain: This major European power and key ally of France attempted to avoid war by appeasing Hitler. - Spain: This fascist nation was not part of the "Axis" alliance. - Poland: Germany's invasion of this nation resulted in declarations of war by Britain and France. - France: Following the conquest of Poland, the Germans' use of the blitzkrieg strategy allowed for the rapid defeat of this major European power. - Czechoslovakia: Hitler annexed this nation despite British and French efforts to appease Germany with the Munich Pact. - Soviet Union: This nation divided Poland with Germany. - Rhineland: Hitler moved troops into this demilitarized region in violation of the Versailles Treaty.
By the end of the Vietnam War, which areas in Asia were controlled by Communist forces?
- China - Laos - Cambodia - North Vietnam - South Vietnam
Identify the First New Deal policies.
- Civil Conservation Corps: provided jobs for Americans repairing roads, laying sewer lines, constructing airports or schools, and teaching in small rural public schools - Agricultural Adjustment Act: paid farmers to limit their livestock and crop production in order to increase crop prices - Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: lessened the potential of future panics by guaranteeing that saving accounts up to a certain amount would be reimbursed with government funds in the event of bank failure - Securities and Exchange Commission: a federal regulatory agency established to monitor the purchase and sale of stocks and bonds under the new enforcement laws - National Recovery Administration: sought to promote economic growth by allowing large corporations to establish prices among themselves for certain products
How did Congress respond to the Watergate scandal?
- Congress passed legislation to strengthen laws regarding financial contributions to politicians. - Congress passed the War Powers Act to curb the president's ability to deploy troops.
Kennedy's response to the deteriorating South Vietnamese government of Premier Diem changed over the course of his presidency. Place the following events in chronological order.
- Diem establishes his anti-Communist regime in South Vietnam. - Diem attempts unsuccessfully to repress the Communists and Buddhist majority. - Kennedy increases the number of U.S. troops as "advisers" in Vietnam. - Anti-Diem demonstrations ignite widespread turmoil in Vietnam. - Kennedy supports the coup of rebel Vietnamese generals. - Rebel Vietnamese generals murder Diem and seize the government.
Complete this passage about the foundation for Johnson's War on Poverty.
- Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 - Job Corps - Head Start - Volunteers in Service to America
Identify President Truman's initiatives during his first term.
- Employment Act of 1956: This gave the president, and the government, the authority to provide full "employment, production, and purchasing power" to American workers. - Fair Deal: Truman attempted to expand and add to Roosevelt's New Deal. - Committee on Civil Rights: President Truman organized this to investigate violence toward African Americans.
Put in chronological order the following German actions that pushed the United States to join the war.
- German U-boats sink the Lusitania. - German U-boats sink the Arabic. - The Germans agree to the Sussex Pledge. - The Germans announce a policy shift: they would wage unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic Ocean. - The British intercept the Zimmermann telegram and learn of a German conspiracy. - German U-boats sink five American ships in the Atlantic Ocean.
Identify the philosophy and specific policy goals that Eisenhower sought to execute as part of his "dynamic conservatism" program, in which he was "conservative when it comes to money and liberal when it comes to human beings."
- He planned to execute a fiscally conservative and socially liberal agenda. - He sought to reduce federal regulation of business.
Identify actions President Eisenhower took to meet his promise of a "middle way between untrammeled freedom of the individual and the demands of the welfare of the whole nation."
- He sought to trim the bureaucracy of the federal government. - He expanded the number of people eligible for Social Security. - He worked to balance the budget.
Put in chronological order the German actions that led up to World War II.
- Hitler becomes the chancellor of Germany. - Germany begins reconstructing its military arsenal in violation of the Versailles Treaty. - Germany sends troops to the demilitarized Rhineland in violation of the Versailles Treaty. - Germany, Italy, and Japan form the "Axis" alliance. - World War II begins after Germany invades Poland.
Put in chronological order the following events that took place in the French colony of Indochina.
- Ho Chi Minh establishes a fighting force to resist French colonial efforts. - French soldiers invade Dien Bien Phu in order to attack guerilla fighters. - The Geneva Accords are signed. - The Viet Cong attack the government of South Vietnam.
Which of the following statements accurately describe immigration in the twenty-first century?
- Immigration from Asia, as well as Latin America and Africa, means that the majority of new arrivals are no longer from Europe. - Asian Americans are the fastest-growing ethnic group as a result of Chinese immigration.
The conclusion of World War II aroused growing fears about the health of the American economy and a potential spike in unemployment. How did the GI Bill of Rights seek to address these concerns?
- It ensured the buying of new homes and starting of new businesses by providing veterans with loans. - It included a comprehensive benefits package for veterans. - It provided funds for veterans to obtain a post-secondary education, creating the most educated workforce in the world.
Analyze the following quotation from a marketing consultant in 1955: "[America's] enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption a way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into [religious] rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption." What does this quotation reveal about the nation's postwar economic climate, and what factors made this growth in "consumer culture" possible?
- It illustrates how consumerism became virtually a civic duty in American life, while frugality was frowned upon. - Innovations in financing made consumption easier.
Describe the Civil Rights Act of 1957, and identify the events that contributed to its passage in the Senate.
- It passed with the aid of Senator Lyndon Johnson, who rounded up southern support for the bill. - It sought to prohibit voting discrimination on the basis of race or ethnicity.
Put in chronological order the following Japanese actions in Asia.
- Japanese forces occupy Manchuria, a province in northeastern China. - Japan declares Manchuria independent from China and renames it "The Republic of Manchukuo." - The Japanese government accelerates the rate of its military buildup. - The clash at Marco Polo Bridge between Japanese and Chinese forces quickly evolves into the Sino-Japanese War.
Which of these provisions were included in the Economic Opportunity Act that launched the War on Poverty?
- Jobs Corp - Community Action Program - Head Start
Place the following key events of 1968 in chronological order.
- Johnson announces he is not seeking reelection. - Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated. - Senator Robert Kennedy is assassinated. - Riots erupt at the Democratic Nation Convention of 1968. - Richard Nixon wins the presidency.
Complete the passage below describing how presidential power evolved during the Truman administration.
- Korea - did not approve - the United Nations - Police Action
Although Bush struggled to define his "New World Order," he was successful in resolving a conflict in the Middle East. Which countries did Bush seek to protect with Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm?
- Kuwait - Saudi Arabia
Put the following events in the establishment of mining communities in chronological order.
- Large groups of prospectors rush to a new strike. - Various camp followers rush to the area of the new find. - Vigilante rule is adopted, as miners implemented informal legal codes to maintain order. - Stable communities are developed, capable of law enforcement, resource management, and stable governance.
How did the government respond to the Red Scare? Identify the following government programs, policies, and laws that went into effect.
- Loyalty Order: required federal government workers to have background checks to ensure they were not Communists - McCarran Internal Security Act: made it legal to send American Communists to concentration camps during national emergencies - House Committee on Un-American Activities: investigated alleged Communists in the government and film industry
Identify the destinations of the following western settlers.
- Miners: lured by the most recent strike, traveled east from California into Utah and Nevada - Farmers: moved their families west into the Great Plains - Cowboys: originated in Texas and traveled northward, with many ending up in Utah's Great Basin
What effect did the escalation of air strikes have on the Vietnam War?
- North Vietnamese leaders became more willing to negotiate. - It resulted in the bombing of Cambodia. - It sparked massive anti-war demonstrations.
Identify the examples of Obama's successes in achieving his counterterrorism goals.
- Obama used Navy SEALs to kill Osama bin Laden. - Voters in Afghanistan were able to participate in elections in 2014.
How did the United States pursue the Obama Doctrine in Afghanistan and Iraq?
- Obama used troops in Afghanistan for counterterrorism purposes, not for nation building. - Obama withdrew combat forces from Iraq.
Identify the roles of the following laws or agencies during the "war on terror" after the terrorist attacks of 9/11.
- Office of Homeland Security: This was created to protect Americans from terrorists at home and to respond to terrorist threats abroad. - Transportation Security Administration: This was designed to improve security on airlines and prevent terrorists from entering the country or carrying out another attack similar to 9/11. - USA Patriot Act: This allowed the government to try suspected terrorists in military courts.
Identify what encouraged the development of the following industries during the 1920s.
- Oil: The increasing popularity of automobiles provided a market for this growing American industry. - Automobile: States and the federal government built thousands of miles of national highways and roads. - Radio: This industry grew as national companies used mass advertising to sell consumer products. - Airplane: The Air Commerce Act allowed the government to fund airport construction.
Put the following post-World War I events in chronological order.
- Postal workers intercept nearly forty mail bombs addressed to government officials. - A bomb destroys the front of U.S. Attorney General Palmer's house in Washington, D.C. - J. Edgar Hoover is appointed to head a government agency tasked with gathering information on radical groups, such as anarchists and socialists. - Federal agents round up 5,000 suspected radicals and deport some to Russia.
Nixon appointed chief justice Warren Burger to the Supreme Court. Complete the passage below describing how the Burger Court helped or hindered Nixon's efforts to slow desegregation.
- did not support - Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education - had to
Which of the following identify the context and significance of this quotation for American foreign policy during Eisenhower's presidency? "We have excited Hungarians for all these years and are now turning our backs on them when they are in a jam."
- President Eisenhower spoke these words during the Hungarian revolt out of guilt that U.S. propaganda had encouraged the Hungarians to believe the U.S. would support their efforts. - These words referred to the American pledge to support those countries forced to endure "Communist slavery."
Put the following events in the order they occurred during the Gilded Age.
- President Hayes attempts to implement civil service reform with limited success. - President Garfield is assassinated by someone who had failed to receive a government job and blamed Garfield's civil service reforms. - The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act mandated that many federal jobs be filled on the basis of competitive tests rather than patronage. - Senator James Gillespie Blaine of Maine receives the Republican nomination for the presidency. - The Mugwumps break with the Republican party. - Democrat Grover Cleveland won the presidency as a reform candidate.
Put in chronological order the congressional and presidential events between 1933 and 1945.
- President Roosevelt, in his first inaugural address, promises to keep the United States out of foreign entanglements. - Congress passes the Neutrality Act of 1935, and President Roosevelt signs it into law. - President Roosevelt pushes the first peacetime draft through Congress. - The Lend-Lease Bill is introduced in Congress and quickly passed. - The Empire of Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, killing over 2,400 Americans.
What effect did the cold war and consumerism have on the nature of religion in the United States?
- Public officials supported public displays of religious faith. - American popular religion was upbeat and positive while avoiding condemnation. - Books about religion were best sellers.
What personal qualities and values helped Reagan to victory in the 1980 election?
- Reagan was a great public speaker. - Reagan supported religious and family values.
How did Reagan envision his "peace through strength" strategy succeeding?
- Reagan would brand the Soviet Union as the "evil empire." - Reagan would increase America's military strength and force the Soviets to try to keep up.
What factors helped Reagan win the election of 1984?
- Reagan's campaign was more optimistic than the Democrats. - The economy prospered because of his economic policies. - Reagan promised he would not raise taxes whereas his opponent said he would.
The Indian wars were bloody conflicts between U.S. soldiers and Native Americans that raged in the West from the early 1860s to the late 1870s. Identify the following events that took place during the Indian wars.
- Red River War: This conflict between federal troops and southern Plains Indians resulted in the latter's defeat. - Report on The Condition Of The Indian Tribes: Congress decided to ask Native Americans to give up their ancestral lands and move to faraway reservations in return for peace. - Battle Of Little Bighorns: During this conflict federal troops suffered a resounding defeat to Sioux forces, but eventually prevailed in the Great Sioux War. - Sand Creek Massacre: Promised protection by the territorial governor of Colorado, 165 Native Americans were massacred by a federal militia.
Identify the ways in which the federal government contributed to the dramatic growth of the postwar American economy.
- Research for military efforts helped create thriving new industries. - The GI Bill of Rights provided a pathway for social mobility for millions of veterans. - The federal government reallocated war-related plants to civilian owners. - The federal government provided loans for home buyers and spent a tremendous amount on highways, water, and sanitation that promoted a boom in suburban development.
Put in chronological order the events of the Great Recession.
- Rising home prices encourage consumers to buy houses they cannot afford. - Housing prices fall dramatically. - Huge numbers of mortgage borrowers default on their payments. - Banks lose billions on bad mortgages and other debts, while reduced spending plunges the country into a recession. - Bush signs the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP).
Put in chronological order the following events that shaped the postwar world.
- Roosevelt and Churchill meet to draw up the Atlantic Charter, which even the Soviet Union endorsed. - During the Yalta Conference, the "Big Three" agree to hold further talks in the United States to discuss the structure of the United Nations. - Soviet troops occupy Berlin before the Americans.
Identify the effect that the following events had on the Watergate scandal.
- Senate investigation: This revealed Nixon's role in the cover-up. - the firing of special prosecutor Archibald Cox: Nixon's approval rating fell dramatically while legislators and journalists began calling for his impeachment. - United States v. Richard M. Nixon: This forced Nixon to surrender his secret tape recordings.
Identify the key players in the crop-lien system.
- Sharecroppers: usually African Americans who worked an owner's land in return for food, board, and supplies - Small Farm Owners: often purchased supplies on credit from local merchants, promising them a share of the future crop - Share Tenants: usually poor white farmers who may have had their own supplies but needed to rent land - Large Land Owners: often scammed workers out of their fair share of crops, leaving workers with a larger debt than when they arrived
Identify the accomplishments of the following modernist individuals.
- Sigmund Freud: This thinker helped promote greater cultural awareness of the influence of sexual desire on people's behavior. - Louis Armstrong: This artist helped create a musical style that captured the spirit of the age with its emphasis on pleasure, movement, nervousness, and rejection of convention. - Zelda Fitzgerald: F. Scott Fitzgerald called this person the "First American Flapper" for her provocative behavior and actions.
Describe how the following events limited Carter's ability to be a successful president.
- Stagflation: Unemployment and prices rose despite Carter's efforts to reduce taxes and increase spending. - Panama Canal: Republican critics worried that Carter had abandoned the country's national interests. - "Crisis of confidence" Speech: Carter seemed to blame Americans for his own failings as president. - Iranian Hostage Crisis: Carter and America appeared weak on the world stage.
Place the following civil rights efforts and accomplishments in chronological order.
- Student activists form the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee to work toward integration. - The assaults on Freedom Riders bring integration to the nation's attention. - The Interstate Commerce Commission requires interstate transportation facilities to integrate. - James Meredith attempts to enroll at the University of Mississippi. - Martin Luther King Jr. writes his "Letter from Birmingham City Jail." - Kennedy announces his intention to pass a significant new civil rights bill.
Put the following events that preceded the War of 1898 in chronological order.
- The Cuban War for Independence begins - Sensationalistic newspaper coverage, or yellow journalism, distorts the details of the Cuban rebellion. - The U.S. battleship Maine sinks in the Havana harbor. - President McKinley seeks authorization for the use of force in Cuba. - The Teller Amendment is passed.
Why did American policymakers grow distrustful and suspicious of Soviet postwar actions?
- The Soviet Union failed to allow democratic elections in Eastern European nations. - The Soviet Union did not allow non-Communists to participate in democratic elections. - The Soviet Union began a process of installing Communist governments in Eastern European nations that it could control.
Put the following events of the Cuban campaign in the Spanish-American War in chronological order.
- The U.S. Navy blockades the Spanish fleet in Santiago Harbor. - The Rough Riders land in the southeastern corner of Cuba. - 7,000 U.S. troops capture the village of El Caney. - The U.S. Navy destroys Spanish warships attempting to evade the blockade of Santiago Harbor.
Put the following events that marked significant instances in the U.S. transition toward imperialism in chronological order.
- The U.S. Senate ratifies the Treaty of Paris. - The Philippine Republic declares war on the United States. - Emilio Aguinaldo surrenders and submits to U.S. authority.
Put the following events of Kennedy's presidency in chronological order.
- The United States installs nuclear missiles along the Soviet border in Turkey. - Soviets secretly install nuclear missiles in Cuba. - U.S. spy planes photograph Soviet missile sites in Cuba. - The United States establishes a naval quarantine of Cuba. - Soviet ships do not challenge the U.S. naval quarantine of Cuba. - The United States publicly agrees not to invade Cuba.
What was the American strategy for fighting communism as outlined by the Truman Doctrine?
- The United States would support nations resisting communism. - The U.S. government had to stop the spread of communism, lest more countries fall under communist rule.
Identify the goals of the "religious right."
- The biblical story of creation should be taught in public schools. - Roe v. Wade should be reversed. - The size of the government should be reduced.
Why did Kennedy call the Bay of Pigs "a colossal mistake" and "the worst experience of [his] life"?
- The botched invasion was a source of tremendous humiliation for the Kennedy administration.
In the post-Civil War era, what were some of the circumstances that contributed to the difficult economic conditions for farmers in the South and the Great Plains?
- The development of national and international market economies forced farmers to pay high shipping and storage fees. - The decline in the money supply made it difficult to pay off their debts. - Farmers had to buy manufactured goods protected by tariffs while simultaneously selling their crops on the open market. - Increased competition from national and international producers increased the food supply while lowering food prices.
In his 1958 book The Affluent Society, John Galbraith criticized the widespread belief that major social problems in America were being rectified by the country's economic prosperity. Identify some of the chronic social problems America faced in the postwar era.
- The disparity between black and white wages widened. - Twenty-five percent of Americans lacked any savings or other type of financial assets. - Almost 50 percent of the black community was poverty-stricken.
How did the U.S. relationship with Iran affect Carter's presidency?
- The energy crisis worsened when Iran refused to provide oil to the United States. - The Iranian hostage crisis undermined Carter's authority and made the United States look weak.
Obama was successful in passing health-care reform. What factors influenced the success of the actual implementation of the Affordable Care Act?
- The government website did not work properly. - Insurance providers cancelled the policies of many Americans.
How did the baby boom provide its own stimulus for the postwar American economy?
- The growing population resulted in the development of suburbia. - This period witnessed a surge in new schools to accommodate so many children. - Children represented a new set of consumer demands ranging from toys to clothing.
What were the societal effects of the government's stance on low-cost housing and mental health services?
- The number of homeless Americans increased because the government did not support public low-cost housing. - The number of homeless Americans increased because there were few services for the many people released from mental institutions.
How did demographic changes make conservative politics more popular?
- The number of senior citizens in the United States increased. - Americans migrated to conservative Sunbelt states.
Why did Clinton's health-care bill fail?
- The plan was overly complicated. - It lacked support from the pharmaceutical and insurance industries. - It lacked support from Republicans.
Identify how the invasion of Iraq affected the American budget and economy.
- The rebuilding process in Iraq cost nearly a trillion dollars. - America faced massive budget deficits because of the enormous costs of the war.
What did the race riots of 1966 reveal about the internal status of the civil rights movement?
- The stage was set for the emergence and growth of the black power movement. - Many young African Americans were becoming disenchanted with nonviolent strategies. - Competing strategies of resistance were developing within the civil rights movement.
After World War I came to an end, the United States actively practiced ____________ in its relations with the rest of the world.
isolationism
Put the following events in chronological order.
- The unified kingdom of Hawaii is established. - The United States buys Alaska from Russia - The United States sign a reciprocal trade agreement - White Americans (haoles) overthrow the Hawaiian Monarchy - The United States annexes Hawaii
The novelist Norman Mailer said that the 1950s were "one of the worst decades in the history of man." What does this quotation reveal about postwar American society?
- These words spoke to the wave of criticism among writers and artists who rejected the consumer-driven culture of middle-class America. - These words referred to the sameness and mediocrity that Mailer felt plagued American life. - These words embodied the feelings of many novelists who attacked the uniformity and conformity of suburban life.
Identify the regions of the country that were most likely to experience a major realignment of political values during the election of 1980.
- Top Right (Maine Area) - Bottom Right (Florida Area)
Identify the American response to the Japanese occupation of the following nations or regions.
- Top Right: America took no major action in response to Japanese occupation of this mineral-rich Chinese province. - Middle: After Japan began a war with this nation, Roosevelt called for international cooperation against aggressive nations, but Congress wished to maintain American neutrality. -Bottom: After Japan began construction of airfields in this Vichy-controlled territory, the United States responded with the Export Control Act of July 2, 1940.
Match each treaty or doctrine to its appropriate description.
- Treaty of Portsmouth: settled between Russia and Japan with both countries agreeing to leave Manchuria - Drago Doctrine: implemented in Latin America to prohibit other countries from intervening militarily for the purposes of debt collection - Roosevelt Corollary: implemented by Roosevelt to ensure U.S. control over Latin America in times of "chronic wrongdoing" - Hay-Pauncefote Treaty: reflected the consent of Britain to build the Panama Canal
How did Nixon's Vietnam strategy change over time? Put in chronological order the strategies that led to the end of the war.
- Troops withdrew, and the war underwent a "Vietnamization." - Negotiations began with the condition that all North Vietnamese troops leave South Vietnam. - Negotiations began without the condition that all North Vietnamese troops leave South Vietnam. - Christmas bombings struck.
How did the United States' strategy for preventing the spread of communism change over time? Put the events that led to the escalation of the cold war in chronological order.
- Truman announced his Truman Doctrine. - Congress passed the Marshall Plan to provide economic aid to Europe. - The United States and Great Britain began the Berlin airlift to support West Berlin. - The United States joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
How did Truman's efforts to contain communism change the government of the United States?
- Truman created the National Security Agency. - Truman made the Joint Chiefs of Staff permanent. - Congress passed the National Security Act.
German general Erich Ludendorff said that "America became the decisive power in the war." Place the following events in chronological order to explain the importance of American troops to the defeat of Germany.
- Tsar Nicholas II abdicates the Russian monarchy. - Lenin signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. - The return of German troops from the Eastern Front strengthens the Western Front for a final campaign against France and Belgium. - Over 1 million Americans take part in the Meuse-Argonne offensive to repel the German advance into France. - The Allied offensive forces German leaders to ask for peace based on Wilson's Fourteen Points.
After 1965, the American involvement in Vietnam expanded and men throughout the country were drafted overseas. What was the reaction to the draft on the home front?
- Working-class and young men of color were more likely to be drafted. - Thousands of young men ignored or avoided their "draft notices." - Unequal representation in employment, economics, politics, and the military service selection program catalyzed social unrest on college campuses and in inner-city communities.
Identify how the following programs in Roosevelt's Second New Deal changed the role of the federal government.
- Works Progress Administration: allowed the government to employ millions of Americans to work on public works projects - Wagner Act: created an organization to oversee unions - Court-packing plan: reformed the Supreme Court, and gave the Court more authority to ensure the civil liberties of all Americans - Social Security Act: created several social-welfare programs to protect Americans who were not working
Although one early commentator wrote in the Literary Digest, "Our isolated position and freedom from entangling alliances [ensure that] we are in no peril of being drawn into the European quarrel," America would ultimately be drawn into the conflict. Put in chronological order the following events that contributed to the United States joining the First World War.
- World War I begins with a German declaration of war. - President Wilson allows American banks to loan money to the governments of nations at war. - The sinking of the Lusitania outrages the American public and leaders. - Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic. - The American public reacted angrily to the Zimmermann telegram.
What were the achievements of the Immigration and Nationality Service Act of 1965, and how did it impact U.S. demographics in the 1960s?
- abolished discriminatory quotas based on national origin - led to an influx of Asian and Latin American immigrants - imposed visa ceilings based on hemisphere of origin
Who made up the silent majority of Nixon's campaign, and how did it help propel him to victory in the election of 1968?
- allowed Nixon to capitalize on the concern of "forgotten Americans" who sought stability and order - represented the majority of Americans who did not engage in the protests and demonstrations
Complete this passage about the sentiments of American youth in the late 1960s.
- backlash against - integrationist - strong work ethic - hippies - revolutionary
How did the Tet offensive affect civilian perceptions of the U.S. war effort in Vietnam?
- caused a significant decline in civilian support for the war - contradicted consistently optimistic claims by military leaders about the war
during the great war, wilsons administration organized the sale of ______, which guaranteed a fixed rate of return to fund the war
liberty bonds
Identify the accomplishments of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and its impact on American society.
- ensured equal treatment of job applicants regardless of race, gender, and nationality - prohibited racial segregation in public spaces - empowered the federal government to enforce constitutional rights through the courts
Identify the effects of the following attacks the United States launched to win the war in the Pacific.
- firebombing of Tokyo: This action produced the largest civilian causalities of the war. - atomic bombing of Hiroshima: This was the first use of atomic weapons, which devastated its target in a single blast. - atomic bombing of Nagasaki: This resulted in the Japanese surrender.
Complete the passage describing a crucial factor that contributed to the postwar economic boom.
- frugal living - sacrifice - consumption - credit cards - hourly laborers - middle class
Complete this passage about the experiences of U.S. military forces in Vietnam.
- guerilla tactics - Viet Cong. - hot and humid climate - thick jungles
Complete the passage below describing how McCarthyism affected American society.
- increasingly fearful of Communist spies - failed - ruined the reputation - avoid controversial thoughts and behaviors
Complete the passage below describing how Chinese involvement in the Korean War changed the American strategy.
- out of Korea altogether - into retreat - settle for the prewar boundary - contained - above the 38th parallel
Complete the passage below to describe how the threat of global terrorism influenced Bush's foreign policy.
- preemptive strike - unilaterally - abandon
Complete the passage below describing a crucial federal project launched by the Eisenhower administration.
- resembled - Federal-Aid Highway Act - national - transformed - largest
Which of the following describe the major tenets of the black power movement as espoused by Stokely Carmichael and H. Rap Brown?
- separatism from whites - violence as a means of protest
Complete the passage below describing the political situation inherited by Harry Truman when he became president.
- the Soviet Union - Yalta Conference - quickly deteriorated - Eastern - iron curtain - Truman
In 1964, Malcolm X stated, "You show me a black man who isn't an extremist and I'll show you one who needs psychiatric attention." What tactics and philosophies was he directly challenging in this statement?
- the philosophy of nonviolence and integration that had propelled the civil rights movement through the mid 1960s
What was the strategy behind George Wallace's campaign, and how did his candidacy affect the election of 1968?
- white and conservative - working - electorial - both Nixon and Humphrey - force the House of Representatives to choose the president
There were various events in Roosevelt's life that contributed to his rise to the presidency. Put each of the following events in chronological order.
- won election to the New York legislature - served as New York City police commissioner - named secretary of the navy - ran for vice president alongside William McKinley - rose to the White House and became president - spent two years as a cowboy in the West
Intellectuals and artists who believed that the 20th century was the turning point in human development were known as
modernists
Analyze the image. What does it reveal about the importance of media during the war?
Correct Answer(s) - The civilian production of war materials was seen by the United States as essential for victory. - According to the poster, all Americans could contribute to the war effort.
intellectuals and artists who believed that the 20th century was the turning point in human development were known as
modernists
When the United States entered the Great War, American troops were most needed
on the Western Front
Place the following in the proper chronological order/sequence according to the lecture
1. bombing of pearl harbor 2. battle of midway 3. battle of okinawa 4. bombing of hiroshima
Identify some of the components of the Revenue Act of 1916 pushed through Congress by opponents of "preparedness."
Correct Answer(s) - It instituted a 100 percent increase in the federal income tax. - It imposed a 12.5 percent tax on weapons manufacturers. - It implemented an additional tax on "excessive" corporate profits.
according to your textbook, in 1959 this percentage of americans had no financial assets to their name
25 percent
In what ways did the Tennessee Valley Authority impact the Appalachian region?
Correct Answer(s) - It produced the Great Lakes of the South through the construction of dams. - It directed electricity into the region. - It encouraged conservation efforts throughout the region.
By 1900, what percentage of the residents in major cities was foreign born?
30 percent
by 1900 what percentage of the residents in major cities was foreign born
30 percent
in many mining towns the male to female ratio was as high as
9 to 1
What was content of the Zimmermann telegram, and why was it so significant in bringing the United States into World War I?
A German official contacted the Mexican government and encouraged Mexico to invade the United States, which pushed the United States toward joining the war.
Complete the following passage regarding the American navy's actions in the Pacific during the War of 1898.
A few days after the war began, Commodore Dewey engaged Spanish forces in Manila Bay, in the Philippine Islands, a Spanish colony for over 300 years. Easily defeating the enemy, the American navy had to wait for reinforcements before occupying the port of Manila while defending the area from German and British warships. Before American reinforcements arrived, a movement declared the Philippines independent from Spain. This Filipino force eventually allowed Spanish troops to surrender to the American military. All the while, President McKinley privately told a friend that he intended to hold on to the Philippines.
the publication of these documents showed the american public that they had never been informed of the full story on the gulf of tonkin incident of 1964
pentagon papers
Which of the following was part of Marcus Garvey's message to African Americans?
All races should have social and political separation in order to promote their own ideals.
What two items led to a major change during the 1920s in how Americans spent their leisure time?
Automobiles and rising incomes
What two items led to a major change during the 1920s in how Americans spent their leisure time?
Automobiles, rising incomes
President Reagan viewed this area as the greatest threat to the United States
Central America
Complete the passage below describing the American fear of a Communist revolution.
Communists were few in number in the United States during the immediate aftermath of the First World War, roughly 70,000. Most Americans believed that there were many more fomenting a Communist revolution based on the violent acts of a few radical militants. Additionally, a number of mail bombs were sent to politicians, which helped fuel the anti-Communist hysteria. This fear motivated the roundup that occurred during the Red Scare.
Complete the passage below describing how Congress improved working conditions during the Second New Deal.
Congress created a MINIMUM WAGE and limited the workweek to FORTY HOURS. The FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT made SIXTEEN the minimum age for employment. Congress' new laws applied to businesses ENGAGED IN INTERSTATE COMMERCE.
Which of the following social groups did women's suffrage most often exclude?
Correct Answer(s) - African American women Incorrect Answer(s) - women in western states - feminists - middle- and upper-class women
How did the neutrality laws implemented by Congress starting in 1935 restrict the ability of the United States to engage in the conflicts of other countries abroad?
Correct Answer(s) - The cash-and-carry system barred American merchant ships from delivering goods to warring nations. - American citizens were not permitted to travel on ships owned by warring nations.
all of the following forces supported the late 19th century imperialism except
racial equality
Analyze the advertisement. What does it reveal about the national consumer culture?
Correct Answer(s) - Consumer culture grew quickly as manufacturers produced new appliances for the home. - Manufacturers marketed directly to women, who managed the domestic life of the family.
How did the rise of fascism in Germany contribute to the outbreak of the Second World War?
Correct Answer(s) - Fascism led both Italy and Germany to attempt to develop new empires or further expand them. - The dissolution of democratic institutions during the German transition toward fascism put all major decision making under Hitler's discretion. - German leaders were able to rally support by promising to avenge Germany's defeat during World War I and the shame of the ensuing Treaty of Versailles.
Identify how African American culture changed during the 1920s.
Correct Answer(s) - Harlem, a neighborhood in northern Manhattan, was the cultural capital of African American life in the 1920s. - Harlem Renaissance writers celebrated African cultural heritage, as well as their contributions to American culture, such as jazz. - The Harlem Renaissance featured a display of black consciousness in the United States.
How did President Harding shape federal regulations passed during the Progressive Era?
Correct Answer(s) - He appointed conservative Supreme Court judges who struck down many Progressive regulations. - He appointed business-friendly commissioners to enforce federal regulations. - He was able to dismantle all federal regulatory agencies.
Identify how Wilson pursued his anti-trust goals.
Correct Answer(s) - He attempted to strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. - He developed the Federal Trade Commission to identify and rectify unfair trade practices. Incorrect Answer(s) - He attacked labor unions with the Clayton Anti-Trust Act to try to appease corporations and gain support for his anti-trust policies. - He increased the protective tariff to promote U.S. business interests.
Identify the reforms and decisions made by President Hayes in his attempt to reform the Republican party and distance himself from the spoils system.
Correct Answer(s) - He fired New York Customs House manager Chester Arthur for his promotion of "ignorance, inefficiency, and corruption." - He declared that the time had come "for civil service reform." Incorrect Answer(s) - He used his second term to implement reforms to the national money supply. - He implemented the civil service commission to regulate the government's system of employing federal workers.
What was Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's initial approach to handling the economic crisis of the 1930s?
Correct Answer(s) - He sought to let the economy work itself out. - He denied that any crisis existed.
What factors led to Hoover's victory in the 1928 presidential election?
Correct Answer(s) - High tariffs generated support for Republicans from the business community. - Hoover's opponent Alfred E. Smith was attacked for his Catholicism and support for the repeal of Prohibition. - Voters associated Harding and Coolidge with economic prosperity.
Identify Roosevelt's strategy for providing federal work relief to jobless Americans, and evaluate its success.
Correct Answer(s) - His strategy was initially limited to the state level; however, he implemented a federal work relief program soon after. - As unprecedented as the work relief projects were, Roosevelt viewed these programs as temporary and was reluctant to sustain them.
What was President Hoover's early approach to the Great Depression, and how did his strategy affect the economy's recovery?
Correct Answer(s) - Hoover sought to convince business, labor, and other industry leaders to play their part in getting the economy back on track. - Hoover took an active role in attempting to end the Great Depression. - Hoover's efforts were unsuccessful.
Identify the factors that made it difficult for the government to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment.
Correct Answer(s) - Illegal alcohol was extremely popular. - Americans could keep any liquor purchased before Prohibition went into effect. - Prominent politicians violated the Eighteenth Amendment.
Identify the experiences for women in the American West that were unique from those in the rest of the country.
Correct Answer(s) - In mining towns, the ratio of men to women was 9 to 1. - Because of the constant fight for survival, married women became more equal partners with their husbands than in the East. Incorrect Answer(s) - Women in the West had more freedom to serve on juries and manage their property without their husbands' consent.
How did the Allied aerial bombardment of Germany impact the Germans' ability to resist Allied encroachment into Nazi-controlled Europe?
Correct Answer(s) - It claimed the lives of approximately 350,000 German civilians, but the bombings were unsuccessful at breaking the German will to fight. - It forced the German armed forces to commit more troops and resources to the defense of the German homefront. - They failed to cripple German wartime industrial production, despite their massive death tolls.
How did the "Wisconsin idea," proposed by Wisconsin governor Robert M. La Follette, help progressives achieve "a happier and better state to live in"? And how did it seek to ensure "that its institutions are more democratic, that the opportunities of all its people are more equal, [and] that social justice more nearly prevails"?
Correct Answer(s) - It used experts to provide politicians across the state with nonpartisan research, and to help in the drafting of legislation. Incorrect Answer(s) - It reformed the asylum system and improved the way mentally ill people were treated. - It allowed women in Wisconsin to vote in state and local elections. - It regulated businesses to improve working conditions.
What was the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC), and how successful was it in the years following its implementation?
Correct Answer(s) - It was an agency created to regulate railroad rates for interstate traffic. - The commission's actual powers proved to be weak. Incorrect Answer(s) - It was an agency tasked with regulating the type of freight that could be transported across state lines. - The agency was extremely successful and was crucial for protecting small-town consumers.
How did an economic system of sharecroppers and tenants fail to uphold Henry Grady's vision of the New South?
Correct Answer(s) - Land became extremely difficult to acquire, and a majority of southern farmers were landless and barely surviving. - The agricultural landscape of the south was far less diverse than Grady envisioned. - The South was much less industrial than Grady envisioned. Incorrect Answer(s) - The South urbanized far too quickly, differing from Grady's vision of a predominately rural South.
In what ways did the American wartime production needs influence the structure of the postwar American economy?
Correct Answer(s) - Many wartime inventions were incorporated into American domestic life in a way that elevated the average standard of living. - The changes that occurred in the composition of the labor force during the war empowered women and minority groups in the postwar economy. - The government contracts awarded during the war helped transform some large American businesses into massive corporations.
Throughout American history, Congress has passed laws regulating immigration that have been inconsistent in their goals and frequently rooted in racial and ethnic prejudice. What were some of the reasons for the passage, and subsequent renewal of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
Correct Answer(s) - Many whites feared that Chinese immigrants would end up taking their jobs. - Chinese immigrants did not usually belong to any denomination of Christianity. - Many Chinese immigrants were illiterate. - Many nativists harbored deep-seated bigotry toward non-whites, which was zealously applied to Chinese immigrants.
Long cattle drives were instrumental in the early growth of the cattle industry. What caused the decline of this method of transportation?
Correct Answer(s) - Native Americans imposed surcharges on ranchers moving cattle through their land. - Long cattle drives deteriorated the quality of the cattle. - The expansion of the railroad into Texas made long cattle drives prohibitively expensive. Incorrect Answer(s) - Many local governments banned cattle driving due to the tremendous amount of deaths that resulted from this method.
What was the goal of this frontpage of the New York Journal (pictured), and how successful were its efforts?
Correct Answer(s) - New York Journal owner, William Randolph Hearst, wanted the United States to fight Spain in order to establish itself as a major world power. His newspaper rushed to judgment in blaming the Spanish for the sinking of the U.S. warship Maine, and stirred up great public demand for revenge. - Although this news coverage caused public outrage at Spain, President McKinley maintained his position of neutrality and did not immediately seek the use of military force against Spain. Incorrect Answer(s) - Hearst succeeded in stirring up public outrage in that President McKinley and Congress immediately declared war against Spain. - Hearst hoped that this type of news coverage would lead investigators to find the culprits so that tensions between Spain and the United States over Cuba would ease.
Why did millions of Americans migrate from the country to the city during the Gilded Age?
Correct Answer(s) - New industries in the cities created abundant job opportunities that attracted many individuals who sought work. - Many migrants sought to escape the monotony of the countryside and experience the cultural excitement of the city. - A reduced demand for farm labor pushed many rural workers to find work in the city. Incorrect Answer(s) - Many rural workers were fascinated by the new agricultural machinery originating in the cities and sought to learn technologies to replicate it.
How did the Battle of Verdun indicate that World War I would be different from any previous war ever fought?
Correct Answer(s) - Over 300,000 combatants perished during that single battle alone, indicating that World War I would be far bloodier than previous wars. - The amount of artillery expended on the battlefield devastated the countryside.
Identify some of the elements that shaped the political climate during the Gilded Age, as well as how they contributed to the political stalemate.
Correct Answer(s) - Politics was dominated by party bosses who used political machines and patronage to turn out voters. - The two major parties avoided issues that could negatively affect the party because neither party was politically dominant during this period. - National political parties exercised more power because of the central role politics played in the lives of most Americans. Voter participation in the political process was very high. - The Republican and Democratic parties were nearly equal in political strength. Incorrect Answer(s) - During this period, strong presidents led political change. - The federal government led by an impactful level of government. - Republicans often put forward bold policy initiatives because Democrats had only occupied the White House for two terms between the end of the Civil War and the turn of the century.
Analyze the image depicting Roosevelt as Greek mythological hero Hercules, who as a baby strangled serpents that were sent to kill him. The serpents here represent pro-corporation senator Nelson Aldrich and Standard Oil's John D. Rockefeller. Which of the following arguments are supported by this image?
Correct Answer(s) - Roosevelt sought to limit the power of big corporations. - Some contemporaries saw Roosevelt as an active president who engaged in strenuous—even heroic—activities. Incorrect Answer(s) - Roosevelt's support of the union in the 1902 coal strike led contemporaries to see him as just another snake in the grass. - Roosevelt hated all big business and sought to "strangle" industrial capitalism through regulation.
All of the following forces supported late 19th century imperialism except
racial equality.
In what ways did the emergence of new scientific theories influence the rise of cultural forces such as realism?
Correct Answer(s) - Science generated a newfound focus on the value of things that could be observed and calculated, including their everyday surroundings. - The facts offered by science influenced a less romantic perspective of human life. Incorrect Answer(s) - The growing influence of science led to a decline in art featuring human subjects and increased devotion to nature. - New evolutionary theories inspired a wave of art and literature devoted to animal life.
What new forms of leisure and entertainment emerged as a result of the mass migration to cities?
Correct Answer(s) - Spectator sports like boxing and baseball became increasingly popular. - Politics became a recreational activity that attracted large crowds. - Public entertainment like movies and museums attracted a large cross-section of people in the densely populated cities. Incorrect Answer(s) - Games such as cards and chess emerged as leisure activities that could bring large groups of people together. - Reading became a common pastime in cities as bookstores and libraries sprung up in urban centers.
In December 1917, seven months after the United States declared war on Germany, French premier Georges Clemenceau told an American journalist, "A terrible blow is imminent. Tell your Americans to come quickly." What was Clemenceau's concern?
Correct Answer(s) - The Bolsheviks' seizure of power meant that Russia would no longer play a role in the war, and the Germans would soon launch a massive offensive along the Western Front. - Though America had entered the war, the time and effort spent enlisting, training, and organizing its troops meant that it had made little contribution to the fighting along the Western Front at this time.
What were the effects of the "money question" during the Democratic national convention of 1896 in Chicago?
Correct Answer(s) - The Democrats' nomination of Bryan resulted in the Populists nominating Bryan as well. - The money question divided Democrats into two groups: "Gold Democrats" and pro-silver Democrats. Incorrect Answer(s) - The selection of a pro-gold nominee drove many southern farmers to the Republican party. - The Democrats adopted the entire 1892 Populist platform.
What were some of the shortcomings of the New Deal for African Americans?
Correct Answer(s) - The FHA did not provide mortgages for African Americans who wanted to live in white neighborhoods. - The Agricultural Adjustment Act's incentives for farmers to take land out of production forced hundreds of thousands of black tenant farmers out of work. - Both the CCC and the TVA practiced segregation.
Identify the reasons why Roosevelt's critics were opposed to the National Recovery Administration (NRA).
Correct Answer(s) - The NRA did not protect agricultural and domestic workers. - The NRA supported big corporations over small businesses.
How did Hitler's rise to power, and the ensuing transition of the German republic into a Nazi-controlled police state, move Europe closer to war?
Correct Answer(s) - The Nazi party established an elaborate propaganda apparatus to help shape public opinion. - Hitler established the Gestapo, a secret police force, and Nazi "storm troopers" to coerce public support. - The abolition of rival political parties empowered Hitler and the Nazi party to implement their political agenda with minimal resistance.
How did Alfred Thayer Mahan's The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 impact American foreign policy?
Correct Answer(s) - The United States began constructing modern naval warships based on the specifications in Mahan's book. Incorrect Answer(s) - It was received as a scholarly work on British naval history, not a work that had any bearing on U.S. policy in the nineteenth century. - Mahan's view that it was the United States' destiny to bring Christianity to Africa led to 18,000 American missionaries working on that continent by 1900.
What were some of the characteristics that defined the relationship between the United States and Cuba following Cuban independence?
Correct Answer(s) - The United States could intervene in Cuba at its own discretion. - The Cuban government was barred from accumulating more debt than it could pay based on its financial resources. - Cuba had to lease coastal lands to the United States, which served as both coaling and naval outposts. Incorrect Answer(s) - The United States could intervene in Cuba following an official written request by the Cuban government.
How did the development of new technology and tactics help reduce the threat posed by German U-boats to Allied shipping and naval vessels?
Correct Answer(s) - The ability of the British to crack German naval codes made it easier for the Allied forces to track the movements of German U-boats. - The development of effective radar and sonar technology enabled Allied ships to successfully track German U-boats. - The Allied Powers began sending cargo ships together in convoys guarded by warships, which drastically reduced effective U-boat attacks.
Identify the circumstances that enabled the U.S. Navy to triumph over the Japanese navy during the Battle of Midway.
Correct Answer(s) - The ability of the U.S. Navy to decipher Japanese radio code enabled U.S. naval strategists to more effectively prepare for the engagement. - U.S. forces' preparations for the Battle of Midway surprised Japanese attackers.
What were some of the reasons for the emergence of the People's party during the 1890s?
Correct Answer(s) - The belief that the U.S. government had moved away from its founding principles and no longer represented the interests of the American people spread among impoverished Americans. - Communities in the South and the West tried to gain more political power and representation at the expense of established eastern elites. Incorrect Answer(s) - Populists in the South and the West wanted to move the capital of the United States further west, as stated in the platform of the People's party. - Small farmers and wage workers in the South and the West supported government policies, but did not want to see taxes raised to implement them.
Identify how America's involvement in World War II impacted Mexican Americans and Mexican migrant laborers.
Correct Answer(s) - The bracero program enabled over 200,000 Mexican citizens to work in the United States legally on one-year contracts during the course of the war. - The increased interaction between Mexicans and white Americans in the western United States resulted in the "zoot suit riots." - The shortage of farm laborers during the war caused the United States to ease immigration requirements for Mexicans.
Because of the excesses of the Gilded Age, a major period of ________ occurred to _______ it.
reform, counter
What impact did the growth of the cattle industry have on ranchers in the West?
Correct Answer(s) - The introduction of barbed wire ended the open range, in which ranchers had used land cooperatively, and put many ranchers out of business. - The growth of railroad networks allowed cattle ranching to expand into Texas and the high plains as far as Montana. Incorrect Answer(s) - Though it significantly helped the western economy, the cattle industry created one of the worst contamination epidemics in American history. - The success of the cattle industry spurred a new wave of eastern migration, as cattle ranchers struck it rich and moved their families to the more developed cities of the East.
Identify how the First World War shaped postwar events on the international stage.
Correct Answer(s) - The resolution to the war, and particularly the terms of peace, left Germany wanting revenge. - The war accelerated the triumph of the Bolshevik Revolution.
John Hay's statement that the Spanish-American War was "a splendid little war, begun with the highest motives, carried on with magnificent intelligence and spirit, favored by that fortune which loves the brave" reflected which of the following attitudes that guided American foreign policy in the late nineteenth century?
Correct Answer(s) - The statement reflects the belief among many Americans that the United States needed to play a larger role in global affairs. - The statement reflects prevailing notions of Social Darwinism and the need for the superior races to rule over inferior peoples. Incorrect Answer(s) - The statement reflects Hay's admiration of the Cuban efforts to liberate their island from Spanish rule. - The statement reflects Hay's belief that the United States was destined to liberate all the colonized people of European powers.
The causes of the Great Depression continue to be debated by economists, though many argue that it was a combination of various factors that led to the economic collapse. What were some of these contributing factors?
Correct Answer(s) - There were more goods in circulation than Americans could afford to buy. - High tariffs were imposed by the U.S. government to protect domestic companies.
How did religious leaders and institutions contribute to the progressive movement?
Correct Answer(s) - They adopted the social gospel, which held that religious organizations and individual Christians were obligated to lead the effort in helping the poor. - They supported the right of workers to unionize. - They provided assistance to poor Americans. Incorrect Answer(s) - They preached to the poor to encourage them to turn their lives around and find jobs. - They supported Social Darwinism.
Identify the overarching issues addressed in President Wilson's Fourteen Points.
Correct Answer(s) - They called for the elimination of trade barriers and the ability for countries to trade during war time. - They addressed how countries should conduct diplomacy. - They addressed territorial claims after World War I. Incorrect Answer(s) - They included insurances of racial equality after the war. - They asserted that the United States would determine when the use of military force was legitimate in international conflicts.
What were the legacies of Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson's policies toward Latin America?
Correct Answer(s) - They created long-term hostility among Latin Americans against the United States and its use of military intervention in the region. - The United States became more invested in the region both militarily and economically. Incorrect Answer(s) - The United States became less involved in the region. - The United States became rivals with Mexico for influence in the region.
Identify how reformers attempted to deal with the unsanitary conditions of city life.
Correct Answer(s) - They implemented regulations to ensure residents had more space, better lighting, and more "privies." - They fought to ban slaughterhouses and prohibit livestock from being raised in cities. - They implemented a trash collection system. Incorrect Answer(s) - They sought to increase the number of horse-drawn trolleys to reduce the amount of people crowding city streets.
How did socialist ideas influence the progressive movement in the United States?
Correct Answer(s) - They introduced "progressive taxation" as a solution for closing the income gap between the rich and poor. - They created a focus on the need for improving working conditions. Incorrect Answer(s) - They called for the government to own large corporations to improve working conditions. - They wanted massive tax cuts for the wealthy so they would spend more and pump money into the economy. - They called for the corrupt government to keep out of the affairs of businesses.
What role did saloons play in urban life, and what types of customers usually frequented these destinations?
Correct Answer(s) - They served as a social club for working men. - They provided refuge for the homeless. - They provided an environment for men to engage in political discussion. Incorrect Answer(s) - They usually served Protestant Republicans seeking relief from primarily Catholic destinations, such as dance halls.
How did women's clubs pursue progressive goals?
Correct Answer(s) - They sought to develop laws to protect women in the workplace. - They encouraged governments to provide services to the poor. - They educated the public on issues relating to public sanitation. Incorrect Answer(s) - They created efficient regulatory agencies for big business. - They helped women get elected to many high-ranking government positions.
Many native-born Americans saw the wave of "new immigrants" as a threat to their way of life and their jobs. Analyze the following quotation from a Stanford University professor describing these immigrants: "illiterate, docile, lacking in self-reliance and initiative, and not possessing the Anglo-Teutonic conceptions of law, order, and government." What does it tell us about the nativists' feelings toward immigrants?
Correct Answer(s) - They stereotyped all immigrants as lazy, despite the fact that language barriers and other factors often made it difficult for immigrants to contribute to society. - They assumed all immigrants were illiterate, even though they might have been able to read and write in their native languages. - They thought all immigrants were criminals, despite the fact that some immigrants were driven to commit crimes out of desperation to support themselves and their families. Incorrect Answer(s) - They assumed all immigrants who were British or German were less employable because they lacked the ability to follow directions, despite the challenges of language barrier.
Which of the following were issues that motivated progressive reformers?
Correct Answer(s) - women's suffrage - social ills of rapid urbanization and industrialization - political corruption - the consumption of alcohol - the power of large corporations - economic inequality Incorrect Answer(s) - free coinage of silver
Identify the political priorities of Mugwumps, the types of individuals who made up this faction, and their effect on American politics.
Correct Answer(s) - They were made up mostly of elites such as professors, editors, and writers. - They dedicated themselves to government honesty. - They helped promote the Democrats to nominate a reformer for the 1884 presidential election. - They promoted free trade and opposed tariffs on foreign goods Incorrect Answer(s) - They championed the regulation of the railroads as a way to protect small-town consumers.
An Alabama newspaper editor stated: "Our blood boils when the educated Negro asserts himself politically." What does this quotation reveal about African American civil rights at the end of the nineteenth century?
Correct Answer(s) - This quotation embodies the "Negrophobia" that spurred a major systematic suppression of African American civil rights in the South. - This quotation reflects the resentment of white southerners toward any economic or political improvements in the black community. Incorrect Answer(s) - This quotation reflects the distinction made by white southerners who allowed black enfranchisement but would not tolerate the election of African Americans into public office. - This quotation reflects the resentment of southern journalists who were replaced by a wave of newly educated and politically active African Americans.
What were some of the factions that argued against the American annexation of the Philippines?
Correct Answer(s) - U.S. labor groups, fearing that American workers would be unable to compete with the inexpensive cost of Filipino labor - former American presidents opposing the move to annex and colonize the Philippines - the American Anti-Imperialist League Incorrect Answer(s) - Senator Albert J. Beveridge and a large contingent of senators who supported him
In what ways did American economic interests drive U.S. policy makers to embrace imperialism?
Correct Answer(s) - U.S. policy makers began to view colonization as a way to acquire raw materials crucial to the success of American industries. - The rise of the global economy forced the United States to construct a navy that could ensure the safety of American merchant vessels carrying goods to foreign markets. Incorrect Answer(s) - American policy makers wanted the United States to serve as a market for manufactured goods from it colonies. - If the United States colonized regions outside of North America, U.S. corporations would more easily be able to recruit skilled laborers from a larger potential workforce.
What were some of the major issues progressives wanted to fix?
Correct Answer(s) - Wealth and power were unequally distributed. - Unregulated urban growth was creating social ills. - Businesses were unregulated and were corrupting politics. Incorrect Answer(s) - African Americans did not enjoy the same rights and privileges as whites. - America lacked the industrial power of other nations.
How did the flaws in the progressive movement shape its motivations?
Correct Answer(s) - Wealthy, well-educated reformers' viewpoints were limited by their ethnic and class prejudices. - Progressives were rarely motivated to address racial inequality. Incorrect Answer(s) - Many progressives wanted the government to stay out of the affairs of the general public. - Progressives supported legislation that benefited industrial leaders at the expense of society at large.
In November 1914, a delegation of African American leaders visited the White House. In this delegation was William Trotter, a Harvard-educated, African American newspaper editor who had helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Trotter said to Wilson, "Have you a 'new freedom' for white Americans, and a new slavery for 'your Afro-American fellow citizens'? God forbid." Which of the following statements are supported by this quotation?
Correct Answer(s) - Wilson believed that race segregation was good for both blacks and whites. - Many in the progressive movement carried racial, ethnic, and class biases. Incorrect Answer(s) - Wilson differed from Roosevelt, who had taken bold action on behalf of African American rights during his presidency. - As a result of Wilson's policies, African Americans stopped their traditional support of Democratic politicians in the South, which harmed his reelection in 1916.
Which of the following were elements of Roosevelt's Square Deal?
Correct Answer(s) - conservation of natural resources like water or forests - vigorous use of Sherman Anti-Trust Act - greater control by government of corporations - regulations of food and medicines to protect consumers - attacks on cronyism
Identify the effects that artists and writers following modernism sought to have on American society.
Correct Answer(s) - disseminate new and unconventional ideas - disturb society
Out of concern that European powers might gain too much influence in Latin America, Roosevelt announced the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine in 1904. This policy announced that the United States would begin to do what?
Correct Answer(s) - intervene in Latin American nations in order to prevent others from doing so - intervene in Latin American nations to insure they paid their debts to U.S. and European banks Incorrect Answer(s) - help American banks and companies invest in Latin America - provide military assistance to Latin American nations
Identify the various strategies of voter suppression carried out through the Mississippi Plan.
Correct Answer(s) - requiring voters to reside in the state for two years, with one-year residency in the election district - requiring voters to have paid all taxes, including a specific tax for voting called a poll tax. - prohibiting voters convicted of certain crimes from casting a ballot Incorrect Answer(s) - prohibiting African Americans who passed literacy tests from voting
Eleanor Roosevelt was an important advocate for President Roosevelt's New Deal, embarking on a national tour that was instrumental in winning support for his programs. Which of the following accomplishments of the early New Deal express the humanitarian goals she promoted?
Correct Answer(s) - the Federal Emergency Relief Agencies and other programs that together hired 300,000 women
Identify the ideas and attitudes that inspired the suppression of African American civil rights in the late-nineteenth-century South.
Correct Answer(s) - the desperation of southern white farmers who deeply resented any economic or political success among the African American community - the U.S. and European revival of the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race Incorrect Answer(s) - the resentment of white southerners at the increased activism on the part of the Supreme Court in terms of securing racial equality at the ballot box
President Nixon's New Federalism plan promoted
sending federal monies to the states to spend as they saw fit
Complete the passage below describing the extent to which a "Reagan Revolution" occurred.
Despite Reagan's pledges to reduce the size of the federal government, the amount of federal employees increased under Reagan's watch, and he never succeeded in abolishing federal agencies or cutting spending on Social Security. Furthermore, he never fulfilled his campaign promises to ban abortions and restore daily prayer in public schools. Nevertheless, his popularity and the economic resurgence that happened during his presidency helped his anti-government and anti-tax agenda dominate the nation's politics for the next twenty years.
Identify the tactics Martin Luther King Jr. encouraged African Americans to use to fight discrimination.
King wanted his followers to defy laws peacefully.
Which statement regarding economists interpretations of the causes of the Great Depression is most accurate
Economists to this day debate the various factors that caused the Great Depression
_______________________ was the leader of the Filipino nationalists during the War of 1898.
Emilio Aguinaldo
To apply pressure in diplomatic circles in regards to Vietnam, President Nixon
Expanded the air war
What federal agency was caught off guard by the damage done by Hurricane Katrina in 2005
FEMA
As president, Reagan convinced Congress to significantly reduce spending for many social welfare programs, as he had promised to do as a candidate.
False
Between 1945 and 1954, Chicago witnessed two large race riots
False
Calvin Coolidge was notorious for his love of whiskey, poker, and women
False
Immediately after the Cuban missile crisis, the Kennedy administration initiated an intense arms race to expand U.S. nuclear missile reserves without any concern for the risk of nuclear warfare.
False
Journalists were referred to as muckrakers because Americans did not trust the press and believed their work to be of poor quality.
False
Complete the passage below describing why Father Charles E. Coughlin, the popular "radio priest" and founder of the National Union for Social Justice, attacked the New Deal and Roosevelt.
Father Charles E. Coughlin believed that Roosevelt's New Deal was too COMMUNIST. In his speeches he accused Roosevelt of being used by THE JEWS. He APPLAUDED Hitler's anti-Semitic policies and SUPPORTED the idea of similar policies in the United States.
During the Great War, what countries made up the Allied Powers?
France, Great Britain, Russia
In 1919, the same year the Great War officially concluded, the United States saw all of the following except
Full Employment
Henry Woodfin Grady, a southern journalist, was an advocate for the New South. He noted that there had been an Old South "of slavery and secession—that South is dead. There is now a New South of union and freedom—that South, thank God, is living, breathing, and growing every hour." What does Grady advocate in this statement?
Grady advocates for a southern economy that is no longer based exclusively on plantations and a social world that is not dominated by the elite of a plantation aristocracy.
The movement of more than 400,000 southern blacks to northern cities during the war and through the 1920s was known as the
Great Migration.
What did Hoover believe to be the potential solution to the social crisis that emerged from the Great Depression?
He believed that volunteer efforts by generous Americans and charitable groups would provide adequate relief.
What was an early success of President Carter's
He reduced the white house staff by a third
How did each of the following contribute to Roosevelt's trust-busting efforts?
Hepburn Act - The government was allowed to limit railroad freight rates. Square Deal - Roosevelt set out to use the government to regulate corporations. He wanted to champion the ideal of "fair play" in business and politics. Bureau of Corporations - The government had a way to monitor large corporations. Elkins Act - The railroads were no longer allowed to give secret refunds to certain customers.
When Coolidge chose not to run for a second term of his own, the Republicans nominated
Herbert Hoover
The American GI forum was created after World War II to deal with issues facing
Hispanics
In May 1947, charges were issued at this entity as a hotbed of communism.
Hollywood
During Eisenhower's administration, the conflict in _______ came to an end
Korea
the first large scale federal experiment with work relief was
the CWA
Complete the passage below to describe a new aspect of evolution.
In his book Dynamic Sociology, Frank Ward focuses his attention on the human brain and its various functions for human interaction and adaptation. Ward argued that humans, like animals, compete with one another, but also have the ability to collaborate with each other and plan for future events. They are not simply idle subjects of evolutionary forces, but play an active role in "shaping and directing social change." Ward directly challenged Spencer's Social Darwinism by claiming that cooperation, not competition, would advance society, and his ideas came to be called Reform Darwinism.
Because of the amount of free time available to workingmen during the Gilded Age, "talking ______" became a popular hobby.
Politics
Complete the passage below regarding President Cleveland's tariff reform policies.
In his greatest challenge to Big Business, President Cleveland concentrated on tariff reform. The latter half of the nineteenth century had witnessed very high tariff policies to the benefit of large domestic corporations able to increase their prices and elude foreign competition. Cleveland made tariff reform the heart of his reelection campaign, arguing that European companies should have the opportunity to compete in the U.S. market, and that tariffs harmed the poor Republicans championing higher rates.
Complete the passage describing the U.S. embargo against exports to Japan.
In late 1940, the government of Japan signed a mutual defense pact with Germany and Italy known as the TRIPARTITE PACT. Japan also attempted to take control of French colonial holdings in INDOCHINA. In response, President Roosevelt enacted harsh trade restrictions on the Japanese Empire. He cut off OIL shipments and barred Japanese ships from using the PANAMA CANAL. These events culminated in the Japanese attack on PEARL HARBOR and the entrance of the United States into the war.
Complete the passage below to describe how the Populist party contributed to the progressive movement.
In the 1890s the United States experienced a depression that caused massive unemployment and widespread poverty. The Populist party differed from the progressive movement in that the Populists were popular in the South and West while the progressive movement was nationwide and more urban. The Populists were interested in political reform like the direct election of senators. Progressives adopted many of these reforms in the twentieth century.
Complete the passage below demonstrating the changing nature of manifest destiny after the Civil War.
In the decades after the Civil War, the idea of manifest destiny in American foreign policy changed. Before the Civil War, Americans believed it was their manifest destiny to spread their influence across North America. Afterward, Americans increasingly turned their attention toward other parts of the Western Hemisphere and the Pacific. Unlike before the Civil War, Americans did not anticipate that this new territory would become equal states, instead expecting them to be colonies. Many Americans believed that expanding the nation's influence abroad was necessary because of the need to expand the influence of the Anglo-Saxon race.
UN forces fared badly at the beginning of the Korean War. Which city did General MacArthur attack to turn the tide of battle in favor of UN troops?
Inch'on
Identify how the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment changed the political landscape of the United States.
It immediately reshaped the electoral landscape, as women accounted for 40 percent of the electorate in the presidential election of 1920.
Which ethnic group was forbidden from immigrating to the United States by the immigration laws passed in the 1920s?
Japanese
In addition to the nickname "the Roaring Twenties," the 1920s have also been labeled the
Jazz Age
In his second presidential election in 1936, Democrat Franklin Roosevelt carried all the states of the Union except
Maine and Vermont
Complete the passage below describing how immigration has affected the conservative movement.
Many conservatives have called for the closure of the Mexican-American border. Members of the Republican Party are 87 percent white. Many immigrants support the Democratic Party. In order to stay connected to voters and win elections, some Republican strategists believe that Republican candidates should appeal to minorities.
The student free-speech movement was created by
Mario Savio
Identify the location of the Western Front, a region that saw on average 900 Frenchmen and 1,300 Germans die each day.
Middle Region
The group of journalists who drew attention to the abuses in society and published them in stories were known collectively as
Muckrakers
What landmark piece of President Carter's administration was referred to as being "nibbled to death by ducks"?
National Energy Act
Why did Congress feel compelled to pass the Immigration Act of 1924?
Nativist Americans were afraid of the political ideologies of eastern and southern European immigrants.
Complete the passage below describing how the relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States evolved during Reagan's presidency.
Near the end of Reagan's presidency the relationship between the two superpowers became less adversarial. The Soviet Union joined the United States in urging the Palestine Liberation Organization to recognize Israel's right to exist. The Soviet Union also withdrew its forces from Afghanistan.
How did Great Britain, France, and the United States react to Hitler's 1938 annexation of Austria?
Neither Britain, France, nor the United States took action to prevent the German annexation of Austria, which subsequently emboldened Hitler's desire to expand.
Complete the passage below describing why it was important for the United States to achieve "peace with honor" in Vietnam.
Nixon realized that it would be impossible for the United States to maintain its credibility if he simply withdrew from Vietnam. However, anti-war demonstrations in the United States contributed to social disharmony and made it impossible to continue the war for long. Nixon wanted to ensure that Communist forces would leave South Vietnam, but he faced increased pressure at home to end the unpopular war.
Martin Luther King Jr. encouraged _____________ civil disobedience to promote the civil rights movement.
Nonviolent
After the United States' withdrawal from Vietnam,
North Vietnam was able to defeat South Vietnam
What made the creation of Israel controversial?
Palestinian Arabs lost their homeland.
Complete the passage below describing why Reagan believed Reaganomics would work.
Reagan believed that if he lowered taxes on corporations and income, people would have more money to invest in the economy.
Complete the passage below describing how conservative politics influenced social programs during Clinton's presidency.
Republicans in Congress opposed Clinton's health-care plan. Meanwhile, the Supreme Court ruled against affirmative-action programs several times. Clinton responded by working with Republicans and highlighting the fact that he was a centrist. Clinton's signing into law of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 (PRWOA) was one notable example of his ability to work with the other party.
How did Clinton's health-care plan influence the political landscape of the United States?
Republicans running on their Contract With America took over many seats from Democrats in the 1994 midterm elections.
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 allowed state legislatures to make their state a _________________ state.
Right-to-work
Drag each word to the appropriate blank space in order to complete the passage regarding the role of ring bosses in big-city politics during the Gilded Age.
Ring bosses established large patronage networks that they used to reward loyal followers and generous donors. Ring bosses would become so influential as to prompt requests for bribes from the president of the United States during the Grant administration.
In 1973 this landmark case was decided by the Supreme Court striking down state laws on abortion
Roe v Wade
The meeting between President Nixon and the Soviet Union resulted in the ________ treaty.
SALT I
The first federal law passed to restrict immigration on the basis of race was
The Chinese Exclusion Act
Why was Warren G. Harding selected to represent the Republican party in the 1920 election?
The Republican Party could not agree on anyone else.
Analyze the election maps. Compare the results of the elections of 1896 and 1912. What factors contributed to Woodrow Wilson winning states that had traditionally voted Republican?
The Republican party wasn't unified.
Complete the passage below describing an act of Congress.
The SECURITIES Exchange Act of 1933 created greater transparency in the SALE of stocks and bonds by demanding that all corporations selling their stock PUBLICITY divulge pertinent information about their COMPANY to better inform buyers.
Why did U.S. secretary of state James Byrnes's belief that atomic weapons "might well put us in position to dictate our own terms with the Soviets at the end of the war" prove to be incorrect?
The Soviets were in the process of developing similar weapons.
Complete the passage below describing the historic Supreme Court decision that shaped southern race relations in late-nineteenth-century America.
The Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson was pivotal in its establishment of the practice of separate but equal facilities, legitimizing the racial segregation of almost every aspect of southern life. The case began with Homer Plessy, a man of one-eighth African descent, who chose to remain in an exclusively white rail car and was found in violation of the law. This historic ruling legally sanctioned the practice of segregation in public spaces and inspired a new wave of regulations known as the Jim Crow laws.
Complete the passage describing President Truman's decision to order the use of atomic bombs against the Japanese.
The United States executed a series of FIREBOMBING RAIDS on the Japanese mainland in preparation for a large-scale military invasion and occupation. The Japanese suffered heavy casualties, but the government refused to SURRENDER. President Truman authorized the use of atomic bombs against Japan to (avoid heavy American casualties taking the island). After the use of the second atomic bomb on the city of NAGASAKI, Japan surrendered, and Truman avoided a ground INVASION.
Complete the passage below regarding the reaction to the events surrounding the Panama Canal and how they affected Latin America.
The actions taken by the United States in its attempt to construct the Panama Canal were not taken lightly throughout Latin America, which harbored bitter feelings toward the United States that were deeply rooted and lasted generations. Moreover, Latin Americans were equally disturbed by the continuous interference in the region's internal matters by both the United States and Europe. Many of these interventions were justified as necessary debt collection measures, leading Latin Americans to "prohibit armed intervention by other countries to pay debts" through the Drago Doctrine.
Complete the passage below regarding the experiences of various ethnic communities during the Great Depression.
The black community was one of the most SERIOUSLY AFFECTED groups during the Great Depression, as many African Americans were already poor, barely scratching out a living in the South on small farms. Those who had migrated north to work in FACTORIES were often the first to lose their jobs. Blacks, Mexicans, and Asians were often REFUSED government or private charitable assistance. Facing increased competition from white and Mexican Americans, many ASIAN migrant farm workers in the West migrated to cities. As the economy spiraled downward, Mexicans Americans were subject to calls for DEPORTATION to Mexico regardless of their residency status. As many as 500,000 Mexican Americans were eventually deported to Mexico.
How did President Wilson respond to the request from African American civil rights leaders for the inclusion of a fifteenth point in Wilson's Fourteen Points that promised an end to racial discrimination?
Wilson did not respond to their request.
Which of the following reflects progressives' beliefs about the ideal role of the government, despite the variety of their goals and methods?
The government should be responsive to the needs of the people and address the ills of society.
Complete the passage below to describe housing conditions in cities during the Gilded Age.
The housing supply in cities could not keep up with the dramatic increase in migrants from rural communities and immigrants from overseas. These new urban residents, unable to afford homes, opted for cheaper apartments called tenements. These buildings were extremely cramped, with many residents living in small, confined spaces. The units had poor lighting and ventilation and were usually inhabited by poor immigrants who had only their labor to sell. These conditions sparked efforts by sanitary reformers to bring water and sewage systems and regular trash collection to American cities.
What effect did the invasion of Iraq have on the "war on terror"?
The invasion destabilized Iraq and created an opportunity for terrorists to gain a stronghold.
Complete the passage below describing the various problems that plagued the postwar South.
The postwar South experienced various social and economic problems that launched the region into extreme poverty. Obtaining land became extremely difficult and most southern farmers simply sought to survive. Many southern communities lacked access to cash and developed barter economies where farmers could secure credit to purchase food and supplies in exchange for a portion of or lien on their crops. Another major issue for the region was the high rate of illiteracy that plagued both whites and blacks. Although white illiteracy was one fifth that of blacks, this problem was nonetheless reflected in the annual income of white southerners, which was half that of non-southerners.
How did the "surge" influence public support for the war in Iraq?
The surge reduced violence in Iraq and helped strengthen the Iraqi government, but most Americans still saw the war as a mistake.
Complete the passage below describing the goals of the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s.
The women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s sought to empower women to work outside the home. Although many middle-class women were educated, many were also underpaid and frustrated with their lifestyle. Reformers wanted women to end workplace discrimination and reform many aspects of birth control. To pursue these goals, Betty Friedan, the author of The Feminine Mystique, and other activists founded NOW.
What ignited the progressive movement?
The worst economic downturn in U.S. history
The first "progressive" president was
Theodore Roosevelt
How did the Soviet union react to the failed Vienna Summit in 1961?
They built a wall around West Berlin
How was Wilson's Fourteen Points received by heads of state of European nations at the Paris Peace Conference?
They rebuked Wilson's unrealistic idealism as unattainable, while attempting to gain as much as possible for their respective nations.
How did the Wilson administration use women to aid the war effort?
They were told to take on jobs previously held by men.
America's prosperity and the promise of political and religious freedom attracted waves of new immigrants. What percentage of urban residents in major cities were foreign-born at the beginning of the twentieth century?
Thirty Percent
Identify the cultural significance of the following quotation: "tune in, turn on, drop out."
This counterculture statement was made by a former Harvard professor who encouraged the use of mind-altering drugs to embrace one's own self to fight against the corruption and alienation of conventional society.
Complete the passage below regarding Roosevelt's approach to the enduring antagonism between Russia and Japan.
Though he endorsed an interventionist strategy in Latin America, Roosevelt applied a much softer approach to events in East Asia. America's Open Door policy of equal trading rights with the region was put to the test with the conflict between Russia and Japan. The perceived Russian threat to Japan's ability to augment its influence prompted the country to annihilate the Russian fleet and push the Russians back, leading Roosevelt to mediate a peace conference between the two nations that resulted in the Treaty of Portsmouth.
What was the central premise of the American Open Door policy?
Trade with China should remain open to the United States and all European powers. Individual nations should not attempt to colonize parts of China.
At the end of World War II, Korea was divided along the 38th parallel.
True
During the post-Civil War period, many researchers at universities began to defend the notion of Anglo-Saxon racial superiority through the use of "science."
True
Nativism in the 1920s was a response to the increasing number of immigrants to the United States.
True
One of the legacies of the Civil War during the Gilded Age was a close balance between the parties' electoral strength and a few number of states where elections were truly contested during presidential elections.
True
Soviet leaders' fears and concerns about future invasions from the West motivated the country's postwar policies in Eastern Europe, as well its communist ideology.
True
T/F: Many of the most prominent progressives endorsed Roosevelt's bid to be the first president representing a third party, the "Bull Moose" Progressive party.
True
The War on Poverty was inspired by The Other America, a powerful book that investigated the "culture of poverty" tucked away in urban slums and rural regions. The Other America was a call to arms to a nation badly in need of reforms to serve its impoverished populations.
True
The invention of barbed wire fundamentally changed ranching in the West by triggering "range wars" that drove smaller ranchers out of business.
True
The modernist movement was an artistic response to the technological and scientific breakthroughs of the 1920s.
True
The owners and heads of large corporations, referred to as captains of industry or robber barons, exercised considerable influence through the use of political contributions and outright bribes at all levels of government.
True
The Big Four at the peace conference created all of the following independent countries except
Turkey
The _____________ voted to reject the Treaty of Versailles that President Wilson had worked so hard on
U.S. Senate
Which of the following statements regarding the Treaty of Versailles is incorrect?
Ultimately the Treaty of Versailles was a great success.
Complete the passage below describing the new economy that developed under Clinton.
Under Clinton, the federal government developed a budget surplus. New forms of consumer electronics helped create dot-com companies. New technology also spurred globalization as many American companies moved abroad or outsourced jobs. By the end of Clinton's presidency, the United States experienced low inflation and unemployment.
Which of the following describes Wilson's reason for creating the Federal Reserve System?
Wilson wanted to prevent banks from failing during panics.
Americans feared U.S. involvement in Nicaragua during President Reagan's administration because it seemed similar to
Vietnam
Marcus Garvey called this man the "most dangerous enemy of the Negro race" because his beliefs
W.E.B. Du Bois
What was Wilson's motivation for creating the Underwood-Simmons Tariff?
Wilson wanted to reduce the tariff in order to promote competition. He believed that a high tariff supported monopolies and high prices. The Underwood-Simmons Tariff also led to the creation of the income tax.
Which of the following statements regarding Woodrow Wilson's involvement in negotiating an end to the Great War is incorrect?
Wilson was very popular among Republican congressmen
With millions of men being drafted into the service, _______ took their places in the workforce.
Women
It could be argued that the modern civil rights movement gained prominence at a lunch counter at a
Woolworths
Complete the passage below describing the readiness of the United States for war at the time it declared war on Germany.
When the United States declared war on Germany, the U.S. Army was unprepared for battle. The size of the existing army was grossly inadequate compared to those of the Central Powers and Allied Powers; further, American troops were armed with outdated weaponry. The federal government's authority grew in order to expedite the American entry into World War I. Nearly 3 million troops between the ages of twenty-one and thirty were drafted to fight in World War I.
Match the following presidential candidates with their political positions on the money question and other political issues.
William McKinley - advocated for reinvigorating the industrial economy - strongly supported "sound money" policies and opposed silver coinage William Jennings Bryan - advocated for unlimited coinage of silver - advocated on behalf of the poor, the laboring classes, farmers, and small-business owners against large corporations
Prominent American anti-imperialists at the end of the 19th century include all of the following except
William Seward.
The following image depicts an East German hammering at the Berlin Wall while East German security forces look on without interfering. Which of Soviet leader Mikael Gorbachev's policies toward reforming the Soviet bloc in Eastern Europe does this best symbolize?
glasnost
which of the following industries was the united states not a world leader in by 1900
gold
As a result of the Great Depression, the lives of American blacks often
got much worse
in indochina, the league for independence of vietnam was led by
ho chi minh
from the beginning of his presidency, kennedy vigorously supported black civil rights
false
After living for a time in the West, Theodore Roosevelt maintained that Indians were
a "lesser race."
which of the following was not part of kennedy's domestic program
abolishing welfare
as america developed industrially, it needed access to all of the following raw materials except
aluminum
one way that american socialists differed from european socialists was that
american socialists did not advocate for government ownership of businesses
eisenhower considered this the biggest mistake he had ever made
appointed chief justice earl warren
Because Franklin D Roosevelt was not himself a deep thinker, he formed a __________ to help him shape policies
brain trust
in the second half the 19th century all of the following were found in the new west except
bronze
in this case, the supreme court ruled the concept of separate but equal unconstitutional
brown v. board of education
President Eisenhower's domestic policy of dynamic conservatism was defined as
conservatism when it comes to money, liberal when it comes to human beings.
in working with the russians, president nixon pursued a policy of
detente
what inspired FDR to set up the manhattan project?
einstein warned him the germans were working on the same project
conservatives during the 1950s were outraged by the actions of the new generation, who best epitomized their scorn?
elvis presley
was the leader of the filipino nationalists during the war of 1898
emilio aguinaldo
in the treaty of versailles, austria- hungary was considered ultimately responsible for World War II
false
pioneer women enjoyed full equality with men in the west
false
What aspect of American neutrality during the first years of World War I does this cartoon criticize?
the Wilson administration's policy of strict neutrality, while not limiting U.S. banks from loaning money to nations at war to buy weapons, food, and other supplies from the United States
during the gilded age, temperance organizations were best associated with
the republican party
which of the following statements regarding the southern economy by 1900 is untrue
the south had greatly industrialized
Nixon's plan for winning the presidency was known as
the southern strategy
nixon's plan for the presidency was known as
the southern strategy
president nixon was able to improve diplomatic relations with china because at the time china was experiencing poor relations with
the soviet union
the author of the infamous de lome letter was depuy de lome. who was he?
the spanish ambassador to the united states
one of the first areas were people began to be interest in reforming society was aimed at
the tenements
need for reforming the workplace was brought to national attention in 1911 when a fire broke out at
the triangle shirtwaist factory
in the korean war, who supplied south korea with war material?
the united states
Ralph Ellison wrote the invisible man
true
jack kerouac, allen ginsberg, and other beats rebelled against middle-class life and conventional literary expression
true
japanese americans ewre put into prison camps during WWII largely because of fears of sabotage
true
japanese-americans were put into prison during WWII largely because of fears of sabotage
true
many adults, having experienced the depression of wartime rationing, were eager to consume more in the 1950s
true
one legislative victory for president clinton came when congress approved NAFTA
true
president ford vetoed more bills than any previous president
true
rural areas experienced practically no population growth in the 1950s and 1960s
true
social darwinist ideas justified policies of imperial expansion
true
the agreements at the yalta conference included stalin's pledgeto enter the war against japan three months after germanys defeat
true
the civil rights act of 1957 established the civil rights commission and a new civil rights division in the justice department
true
the economic stimulus bill was also called the american recovery and reinvestment act
true
the german resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare was the immediate reason for the US entry into WWI
true
the indian wars effectively ended with the capture of geronimo a chief of the chiricahua apaches
true
the popular election of senators required a constitutional amendment
true
the sandlot incident in san francisco in 1877 led to attacks against chinese immigrants
true
the united states agreed to pay 10 million plus 250000 a year for the panama canal zone
true
within a few months of the end of world war II, there were strikes and other labor disputes in many key industries
true
During the first decade of the 21st century, the United States received ________ immigrants as all other countries combined.
twice as many
during the first decade of the 21st century, the united states received ____________ immigrants as all other countries combined
twice as many
the newspaper that broke the story of watergate was the
washington post
Carnegie Steel Company used vertical integration to become the largest industrial company of its time. Identify the various elements of a vertical integration business model.
Correct Answer(s) - A vertically integrated corporation owns all the businesses required to perform each step in their production. Incorrect Answer(s) - Vertical integration is the process of developing partnerships between otherwise unassociated businesses in a particular industry to increase efficiency and profit for all parties involved. - The most dominant corporation in a particular industry either buys out its competitors or forces them out of business with the end goal of constructing a monopoly. - The system of vertical integration promotes workers from laborer positions to management positions, so managing executives may have a strong understanding of the company's production process.
During the late nineteenth century, Big Business grew at a staggering rate. During this time, the largest businesses began engaging in national and international commerce, which subsequently increased their power and influence. Identify some of the repercussions that resulted from the growth of Big Business.
Correct Answer(s) - Big Business interests used their newfound influence to corrupt American political institutions at the federal, state, and local levels. - The emergence of a few big corporations in a specific sector of the economy frequently resulted in price fixing. - Corporations, entities that sold shares of partial ownership in exchange for capital, became more common as the concept of limited liability emerged. Incorrect Answer(s) - The expansion of Big Business increased competition throughout the economy and lowered prices for consumers.
Analyze the following quotation: "It is now pretty generally admitted that women possess the capacity to swallow intellectual food that was formerly considered the diet of men exclusively." What developments in the early twentieth century support the views expressed in the quotation?
Correct Answer(s) - Dozens of women's colleges were founded in the years after the Civil War. - Women's lives extended beyond the home to include new jobs and social organizations, including literary societies. - An increasing number of women gained access to higher education. Incorrect Answer(s) - Specialized math and science classes were offered to women who chose to attend school. - Women were finally allowed to run for public office and make important political decisions alongside male politicians.
according to the lecture, when an entity acquires businesses not related to the original business, that is called
diversification
