Final

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

anxiety

A psychological disorder is a

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

coping

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ____ psychology

developmental

The US equal employment opportunity commission is responsible for

enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate in the hiring of employees

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________?

episodic

Which perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

humanism

Which concept describes traits that are fundamental to one's personal identity that an employer cannot use to discriminate in hiring job applicants

immutable characteristic

Diana is assessing applicants for a pilot job at a regional airfield she wrote the description of the ideal candidate and now she is reviewing the personality profiles of the applicants to screen those who do not fit the profile Diana is working in the specialty area of industrial-organizational psychology called _____ psychology

industrial

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology.

industrial-organizational

Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to ________.

job stress

In job satisfaction what does the acronym KSA stand for

knowledge, skills, abilities

Psychology refers to the

scientific study of the mind

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of _____

social psychology

Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, etc. are forms of what?

social support

According to research what kind of job interview is most successful at predicting a candidates later successful job performance

structured interviews

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

According to William James what was the true purpose of psychology?

studying the function of behavior in the world

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology

whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese

Carlos is a small business owner. Recently, he became the primary caretaker for his aging mother. He works long hours at his business while also making sure that his mother can keep her medical appointments and has company in the evening. This exemplifies ________.

work-family balance

An organizational psychologist studies such topics as

worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

Which of the following exemplifies a worker-oriented approach to job analysis

works well under pressure and in group situations

How long does traditional psychoanalysis typically take

years

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics the average American work spends approximately ____ hours working each week

42-54

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

Active listening

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ____ as objectively as possible

Another persons consciousness

Which of the following individuals is demonstrating an optimistic outlook on life?

Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things.

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevillas therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors what kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does the exemplify

Cognitive behavior therapy

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the US

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the US

Francis Sumner

The notion that workers tend to show an increase in performance when they know that they are being observed is called the ________ effect.

Hawthorne

Which of the following is true regarding the accuracy and reliability of a job analysis

It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analysis.

In looking at the area of multicultural psychology, what is a recognized deficit of this particular area of study

It can describe what happens between cultures, but not explain why those differences occur

Which term describes a form of informal training in which an experienced employee guides the work of a new employee

Mentoring

Which famous female psychologist completed all of the requirements for a doctorate in psychology but was denied that degree because of her sex

Mary Whiton Calkins

What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory?

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material.

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

PTSD

Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can't stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from ________.

PTSD

Which of the following choices refer to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time

Scientific theory

Which child is most likely to receive treatment for her or his psychological challenge

Stavros, who suffers from ADHD

On the advice of her therapist Thor's decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a hierarchy of stimuli related to her phobia which form of therapy is she using

Systemic desensitization

Which important legislation protected employees against discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

The 1964 Civil Rights Act, Title VII

Which aspect of the definition of happiness gives the impression that it is a long-term state rather than a brief mood that we experience from time to time?

a feeling that ones' life has meaning and value

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for suicide

being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

buying a new home

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.

challenge, threat

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

chronic

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

clinical psychology

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

cognitive

___ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating

distress

Which of the following exemplifies an advertisement that would reflect a task-oriented approach to job analysis

driver who can operate a forklift in small spaces, drive a cement-mixer, and handle explosive material

___ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance

eustress

which choice is the best definition of a performance appraisal

evaluating an employee's success at carrying out the duties of their job

Which of the following is NOT part of feminist psychology

favoring woman over men

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

fight or flight

________ is having an experience that is so engaging and engrossing that it becomes worth doing for its own sake. During this state a person might say that they feel that they "lose themselves" in the activity.

flow

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ____

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

According to Edwin Locke, job ____ is the state of feeling resulting from appraising one's job experiences and a more modern definition includes the extent to which a person enjoys their job

happiness

For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known?

hierarchy of needs

Industrial-organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies

how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

manic

Antipsychotic drugs such as Haldol are used to treat all of the following except

manic episodes

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Dr. Smyth conducts research that examines how stress, disease, and disorders can impact individuals in the workplace. She is working in the area of ________ psychology.

occupational health

Edmund wants to study relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ____

personality

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

physiological

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

What kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives rather than focusing on pathology, faults and problems?

positive psychology

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem-focused

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ____

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

thoughts affect behavior

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ____

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

What is meant by the term etiology

to cause disorder

Melora has a sick child at home. Her employer allows her to ________ for a week, so she can work from home, set her own hours, and complete most of her work while caring for her child.

to telecommute

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

transcendental meditation