FINAL REVEL- HUMAN COM
Rhetorician Richard Weaver describes two types of terms that should be avoided because of the potential to easily lead (or mislead) people without critical reflection. They are _____.
"god terms" and "devil terms"
It is evident that mass media play an important role in our society when you realize that nearly _____ of Americans received news of the 2016 presidential election from their televisions.
85 percent
Who believed that speakers needed to learn "all available means of persuasion in a given situation"?
Aristotle
_____ became popular with the work of Harold Laswell and his colleagues, who were concerned with "propaganda and public opinion and the emergence of radio as a great mass medium of communication."
Content analysis
Kendrick told the audience that his love of country came from his grandfather and father before him who had enlisted in the army and served in battles that kept America free. Which artistic proof is Kendrick using in his speech?
Ethos
The group of Internet-based applications known as social media that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content includes _____.
_____ refers to a collection of mediated communication technologies that are digital and converging and tend to be mobile.
Interactive media
What was the purpose of the Hays Code?
It established strict guidelines for film content with the intent of creating wholesome entertainment.
G, PG, PG-13, R, and NC-17 are all movie ratings created by the _____ in the late 1960s.
MPAA
_____ are text-based "virtual reality" games in which participants interact with enrichments, objects, and other participants.
Massively Multiplayer Role-Playing Online Games
_____ is the practice of organizing with others to communicate displeasure with certain media images and messages and to advocate for change.
Media activism
What does Shahira Fahmy's study of AP wire photographs, showing Afghan women almost exclusively covering their face and hair and wearing burqas, even after the Taliban regime, tell us about the media?
Media organizations can distort the images of faraway places as well as enhance them.
_____ communication is always transmitted through a channel, such as television, film, and print.
Mediated
After Nick damaged Michaela's car and refused to pay for the repairs, Michaela took him to small claims court where she explained to the judge why Nick should pay for the repairs. Which function of rhetoric does this demonstrate?
Rhetoric helps people seek justice.
_____ create outlets for people to try and align others to their worldviews without filters, and presents new challenges to the need to think through how we attempt to persuade others to view the world as we do.
Social media
Complaints about content in television shows and its influence on children led to the creation of the _____.
TV Parental Guidelines
Why does rhetorician Richard Weaver advocate the careful use of "god terms" and "devil terms"?
These terms serve more as propaganda than rhetoric.
Which of the following is true about the way Americans currently consume television, according to Nielsen?
We have many more options, but only view about 10 percent of those available.
The Amazing Race, Grey's Anatomy, and Scandal are all products of ABC Studios, a television production company. This is an example of _____.
a culture industry
In April 2011, when broadcast networks carried the wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton live on television in lieu of regular programming, this was an example of _____.
a media event
A rhetor is understood to be _____.
a person or institution that addresses the public or an audience
Spencer is seeking out those media that meet his needs and avoids others. He also considers the basis for his media choices. Spenser is being a(n) _____.
active agent
Those who actively seek some media messages and resist others in a media-rich environment are referred to as _____.
active agents
When scholars focus on audience perceptions of reality and attempt to discover how or whether media coverage correlates with changing audience perceptions, they are using _____ research.
agenda-setting
The Village Voice out of New York City is an example of _____ press because it attempts to present no-holds-barred reporting and criticism that traditional newspapers typically avoid.
alternative
The means through which a rhetor gains the trust of an audience and designs credible messages was identified by Aristotle as _____.
artistic proofs
Seymour is preparing a speech about nanotechnology. He asks himself, "What does my audience know about this topic? What do they need to know?" He also tries to determine what his listeners expect from his presentation and what characteristics they might share. What is Seymour doing to help prepare for his speech?
audience analysis
Juanita decided to watch the conservative news channel rather than the liberal-based channel her father preferred. When she chose which channel to watch, she was _____.
behaving as an active agent
In high school, Roxy only watched three channels, all of which showed reality television programs. But now that Roxy is in college, she wants to become involved in a range of new media outlets and subject matter. What is this process called?
broadening your horizons
The rise of _____ with specialized content has taken significant market share away from traditional broadcast networks such as ABC, CBS, and NBC.
cable television
According to rhetorical scholar Lloyd Bitzer, only those people who _____ are part of the rhetorical audience.
can take the appropriate action in response to a message
During her presentation to the village board, Cara explained that the potholes on the street leading to her house had become so deep that four of the residents had to replace tires on their cars. She then proposed that the village reimburse them because the village had failed to maintain the street. Which organizational pattern did Cara use for her speech?
cause-effect
Interactive media messages differ from mass media messages in that _____.
communication goes both ways
In a persuasive speech, you will challenge your audience to take action during your _____.
conclusion
We currently use communication technologies primarily for _____ and consuming content.
connecting with others
What should a researcher use when trying to determine how many gay and lesbian couples appear on The Amazing Race television show?
content analysis
When Dana wants to travel to Peru to participate in a medical mission trip, she wants to learn more about the country and culture by appealing to friends on Facebook and Snapchat—some of whom have traveled to South America. What is Dana utilizing to achieve her goal?
crowdsourcing
Maria told her mother that she was sure she was going to be diagnosed with cancer someday because every news report she heard talked about how the food you eat causes cancer and the electronics you use cause cancer. Which theory explains Maria's belief?
cultivation
When members of the school board argue about the best ways to spend taxpayer dollars, they are engaging in _____ rhetoric.
deliberative
When former Vice President Al Gore advocates for passage of environmental initiatives designed to reduce global warming, he is engaged in _____.
deliberative rhetoric
Communication scholar Douglas Ehninger suggested that throughout history people have had _____ ideas of what rhetoric is and the purpose it serves.
different
Charlotte and George are teenagers that exhibit aggressive behavior. They consciously seek out violent and aggressive media, which reinforces their violent behavior. Charlotte and George are following the pattern of the _____ model.
downward spiral
A speaker's good sense, moral character, and goodwill are all components of his or her _____.
ethos
The social position from which a rhetor speaks is related to the concept of _____.
ethos
Forensic rhetoric is used to address _____.
events that happened in the past
The form of rhetoric that is used in courts and addresses events that happened in the past is called _____ rhetoric.
forensic
A speaker must select one of three goals for a speech—to inform, to persuade, or to entertain. The goal that the speaker chooses is known as the _____.
general purpose
The first task of a public speaker is to identify his or her _____.
general purpose
A rhetorical event is one that _____.
generates a significant amount of public discourse
In the 1950s, television fathers were presented as 9-to-5 workers who came home, poured a drink, and waited for their wives to serve them dinner. Today, a television father might be one who stays at home with the children while his wife heads out the door to work. Viewers who watch these representations accept these different ideas of fathers. What explains this acceptance?
hegemony
Rhetoric's important social functions include supporting a vital democracy, helping people seek justice, and _____.
helping individuals clarify their own beliefs and actions
Shawna watches Saturday Night Live each week because all her coworkers watch it and then she has something to talk with them about at lunch. Which of the four general uses and gratifications for media texts is Shawna exhibiting?
integration and social interaction
If we watch a football game in order to discuss the game with our friends, we are using media for _____; if we watch the game alone and strictly for pleasure, we are using media for _____.
integration and social interaction; entertainment
When one is immersed in the media environment, one is _____, meaning that one participates in the communication process by selecting certain programs and agreeing or disagreeing with what is heard or seen.
interacting
When we describe interactive media as dynamic, we mean that _____.
it is always changing
Laura is preparing a speech about why she doesn't believe same-sex marriage should be legal. In order to be ethical, it is important that she is aware of the _____ used in her speech, especially potentially pejorative terms.
language
An ethical receiver of rhetorical communication strives to _____.
listen to a range of views on a particular topic
During the Alcoholics Anonymous meeting, the leader explained that excessive alcohol use can lead to severe health complications. Which artistic proof is the leader using?
logos
The best way to become an active agent and ethical media consumer is to _____.
make deliberate choices about what media you expose yourself to
In the study titled The People's Choice, researchers argued that media had limited impact, as they found that radio tended to reinforce preexisting beliefs rather than shape new ones. This is an example of _____.
mass media effects
Television, film, radio, magazines, advertisements, and newspapers are all examples of communication _____.
media
It is all too common today for a news station to interrupt regular programming to report on a catastrophic situation happening somewhere in the world. These situations are called _____.
media events
Which of the following reflects the most accurate understanding of mass media?
mediated communication which is intended for a large audience
What is the most essential characteristic of successful visual aids for any presentation?
must support the speech goals
The emergence of the "fake news" phenomenon has caused confusion and concern about the modern meaning of _____.
news reporting
During the nineteenth century, _____ became one of the first media outlets that addressed a large public and played a critical role in community building.
newspapers
During her presentation, Aneesa tells the story of her neighbor who was beaten repeatedly by her husband, but legally unable to seek justice in the courts. Aneesa is using _____ to persuade her audience.
pathos
During the trial claiming the railroad had failed to maintain an overpass, the prosecutor played an audio recording of a car being crushed by concrete slabs and steel beams while narrating what must have been going through the Peterson family's minds as the car they were in was being crushed. This was an appeal to which artistic proof?
pathos
On the feedback form, Charles wrote that the speaker seemed down-to-earth and genuine. What aspect of the speaker is Charles reviewing?
persona
Rhetoric is also known as the art of _____.
persuasion
One is nearly always in a state of interacting with communication technologies, especially mobile devices. That is why interactive media is so _____.
pervasive
Which form of media functions in the most similar manner to traditional mass media?
podcasts
One researcher analyzed the recent decision by ABC to cease broadcasting the Miss America pageant. The findings showed that the viewing audience had dropped significantly, which in turn caused the demand for and price of advertising during the pageant to also drop. This is an example of _____.
political economy
The term _____ refers to the focus on the ways media institutions produce texts in a capitalist system and the legal and regulatory frameworks that shape their options for doing so.
political economy
The arena in which deliberative decision making occurs through the exchange of ideas and arguments is called the _____.
public sphere
The importance of media in our everyday lives and in our society has been _____.
rapidly increasing
What is the mission of the Federal Communications Commission?
regulate radio, television, wire, cable, and satellite
The originator of a communication message, but not necessarily the person delivering it, is called a(n) _____.
rhetor
Anyone who pursues sustained and detailed analyses of rhetorical discourse is a _____.
rhetorical critic
In the aftermath of the Manchester, England, terrorist attack in 2017, many discussions arose to attempt to explain why the situation had occurred. This is an example of a _____.
rhetorical event
Josefina is very concerned about a measles outbreak in her community. She looks for news reports that exaggerate the scope and severity of the disease and that blame it on the cost of immunizations. Josefina ignores other information that discusses multiple causes, or data showing that the increase is statistically insignificant. This is an example of the power of _____.
selective exposure
Katrine opted not to go with her girlfriends to The Bachelor watch party. She didn't like the way the show represented dating practices and trivialized marriage. Which model best explains Katrine's choice?
selective exposure
The 1965 March on Selma brought together activists from all over the country to protest unfair voter registration practices. Television coverage and additional demonstrations helped spur passage of the Voting Rights Act. This is an example of a _____.
social movement
Culturally, the _____ of the rhetor often determines his or her right to speak or to access civic speaking spaces.
social position
The first group of people to teach persuasive speaking skills in the Greek city-states were known as _____.
sophists
Which of the following is the most effective method for rehearsing your speech?
standing up and practicing in front of one or two friends
Albert is listening to the radio as he drives home from work. The radio host is talking about a natural disaster, referring to "innocent victims." Albert thinks to himself, "Can a victim be 'innocent' or 'guilty,' or is a victim just a victim?" This is an example of _____.
talking back
The strategy of _____ includes being attentive to the ethical implications of media to which you are exposed.
talking back
Sophists were among the first _____ of rhetoric.
teachers
It is challenging for communication researchers to understand and study the implications of interactive mobile media for our daily lives because _____.
technologies come and go at a rapid rate
A 2016 Nielsen study found that the average U.S. American consumes almost 75 hours of media content each week, with _____ being the most used by far.
television
Which of the following is the best example of what we think of as a rhetor?
the Catholic Church
The success of Netflix as a media model in releasing previously viewed content tells us that _____.
the Internet can be an increasingly important medium for traditional broadcasters to reach more audiences
As an example of a space traditionally not associated with rhetoric, many black feminist scholars feature _____ as a metaphor for rhetoric in action.
the kitchen table
As an analytic tool, the linear model of communication is most helpful in understanding _____.
the power and influence of media messages
What did Cicero believe speakers should use rhetoric for?
the public good
A statement of the topic of a speech and the speaker's position on it is referred to as a _____.
thesis statement
Most would agree that the use of outright deception or lying in persuasion would be _____.
unethical
If a researcher wants to determine why viewers watch The Middle instead of Modern Family, they might use _____ studies.
uses and gratifications
The Hays Code was established in order to make films more "_____."
wholesome
