Final

The nurse is educating the parents of a 4-year-old boy with a Wilms tumor who is about to have chemotherapy prior to surgery. Which statement by the parents indicates that the nurse should review the instructions about preventing infection? A) "He takes his antibiotic twice a day." B) "We check his temperature orally." C) "We keep him away from crowds." D) "He must be clean and his teeth brushed."

A) "He takes his antibiotic twice a day."

A 6-year-old child has been diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency. The child's mother requests more information about this condition. Which statements should be included in the nurse's response? Select all that apply. A) "The majority of children who have this condition are born of normal weight and length." B) "There are several potential causes of this condition." C) "This condition is most likely related to dwarfism in past generations of your family." D) "Most children with this condition are nutritionally deprived." E) "Your child most likely does not eat adequate amounts of protein."

A) "The majority of children who have this condition are born of normal weight and length." B) "There are several potential causes of this condition."

The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old patient newly diagnosed with diabetes. The patient has polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Which nursing diagnoses will the nurse include in the care plan? Select all that apply. A) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements B) Deficient fluid volume C) Deficient knowledge regarding disease process D) Noncompliance E) Delayed growth and development

A) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements B) Deficient fluid volume C) Deficient knowledge regarding disease process

A nursing student is reviewing information about primary immunodeficiencies. The student demonstrates understanding of the material by identifying which immunodeficiencies as affecting only males? Select all that apply. A) X-linked agammaglobulinemia B) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome C) Selective IgA deficiency D) X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome E) IgG subclass deficiency F) Severe combined immune deficiency

A) X-linked agammaglobulinemia B) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome D) X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome

A group of students is reviewing information about glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The students demonstrate understanding of the material what as the cause of the disorder? A) X-linked recessive inheritance B) Deficiency in clotting factors C) An excess supply of iron D) Autosomal recessive inheritance

A) X-linked recessive inheritance

A group of nursing students are reviewing the components of the endocrine system. The students demonstrate understanding of the review when they identify what as the primary function of this system? A) Regulation of water balance B) Hormonal secretion C) Cellular metabolism D) Growth stimulation

B) Hormonal secretion

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old boy whose parents brought him to the clinic when they noticed that the right side of his abdomen was swollen. What finding would suggest this child has a neuroblastoma? A) The child has a maculopapular rash on his palms. B) The parents report that their son is vomiting and not eating well. C) The parents report that their son is irritable and not gaining weight. D) Auscultation reveals wheezing with diminished lung sound.

B) The parents report that their son is vomiting and not eating well.

The nurse is caring for a child who is taking corticosteroids for systemic lupus erythematosus. The nurse closely monitors the child based on the understanding that corticosteroids exert which major action? A) They increase liver enzymes. B) They can mask signs of infection. C) They cause bone marrow suppression. D) They decrease renal function.

B) They can mask signs of infection.

A teenage girl diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome tells the nurse, "I refuse to take oral contraceptives since I am not sexually active." What is the best response to the girl? A) "It's important for you to take the pills even if you're not sexually active in order to prevent unwanted symptoms of the disease." B) "The doctor has prescribed these for you because it is an effective treatment method for the disease." C) "I know it's hard remembering to take those pills every day. Tell me more about what is making you not want to take the oral contraceptives." D) "Do your parents know that you are not taking the treatment medication your doctor prescribed?"

C) "I know it's hard remembering to take those pills every day. Tell me more about what is making you not want to take the oral contraceptives."

A child has been prescribed growth hormone. When collecting data from this patient, which report is of the greatest concern? A) "I sometimes have headaches." B) "I feel tired." C) "My hips often hurt." D) "I take this medication with food."

C) "My hips often hurt."

The nurse is administering 10 units of NPH insulin to a child at 8 a.m. The nurse would expect this insulin to begin acting at which time? A) By 8:15 a.m. B) Between 8:30 and 9 a.m. C) Between 9 and 11 a.m. D) Around 12 noon

C) Between 9 and 11 a.m.

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of parents with children diagnosed with diabetes type 1. The children are all adolescents. What issues would the nurse need to address? Select all that apply. A) Self-monitoring of blood glucose levels B) Feelings of being different C) Deficient decision-making skills D) Body image conflicts E) Struggle for independence

C) Deficient decision-making skills D) Body image conflicts E) Struggle for independence

The nurse suspects that a 4-year-old with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia based on what findings? Select all that apply. A) Blurred vision B) Dry, flushed skin C) Diaphoresis D) Slurred speech E) Fruity breath odor F) Tachycardia

C) Diaphoresis D) Slurred speech F) Tachycardia

While providing care to a 5-month-old girl whose family has a history of food allergies, the nurse instructs the parents about foods to be avoided in the first year of life. Which response by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? A) "She cannot have any cow's milk." B) "I should continue breastfeeding until at least 6 months." C) "Peanuts in any form should be avoided." D) "Any kind of fruit is acceptable."

D) "Any kind of fruit is acceptable."

The nurse is caring for a 16-year-old boy with acute myelogenous leukemia who is having chemotherapy and who has incomplete records for varicella zoster immunization. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis? A) Pain related to adverse effects of treatment verbalized by the child B) Nausea related to side effects of chemotherapy verbalized by the child C) Constipation related to the use of opioid analgesics for pain D) Risk for infection related to neutropenia and immunosuppression

D) Risk for infection related to neutropenia and immunosuppression

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about humoral and cellular immunity. The students demonstrate understanding of this material when they identify what as being involved in cellular immunity? A) B cells B) Antibodies C) Antigens D) T cells

D) T cells

A nurse is leading a discussion with a group of new mothers about newborn nutrition and its importance for growth and development. One of the mothers asks, "Doesn't the baby get iron from me before birth?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A) "You give the baby some iron, but it is not enough to sustain him after birth." B) "Because the baby grows rapidly during the first months, he uses up what you gave him." C) "The iron you give him before birth is different from what he needs once he is born." D) "If the baby didn't use up what you gave him before birth, he excretes it soon after birth."

B) "Because the baby grows rapidly during the first months, he uses up what you gave him."

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old boy with idiopathic thrombocytopenia. The nurse is providing discharge instructions about home care and safety recommendations to the boy and his parents. Which response indicates a need for further teaching? A) "We should avoid aspirin and drugs like ibuprofen." B) "He can resume participation in football in 2 weeks." C) "Swimming would be a great activity." D) "Our son cannot take any antihistamines."

B) "He can resume participation in football in 2 weeks."

A child is scheduled to undergo radiation therapy as part of his treatment plan for newly diagnosed cancer. After teaching the child and parents about this treatment, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the parents state: A) "We should not wash off the markings on his skin." B) "He can use petroleum jelly if the skin becomes reddened." C) "He needs to use a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more." D) "He should not apply deodorant to the treatment site."

B) "He can use petroleum jelly if the skin becomes reddened."

The nurse is providing a class for a group of childcare providers. When discussing allergic reactions, which statement by a participant indicates the need for further instruction? A) "Most allergic reactions will happen within a few minutes of eating a problematic food." B) "If a child has previously eaten a food and not had a reaction they are not 'truly' allergic to it. C) "Allergic reactions can happen hours after eating something." D) "In addition to hives some children may also have vomiting and diarrhea when having an allergic reaction to a food."

B) "If a child has previously eaten a food and not had a reaction they are not 'truly' allergic to it.

After teaching the parents of a daughter with central precocious puberty about medication therapy, which statement by the parents indicates successful teaching? A) "She needs to use the nasal spray once every day." B) "She'll start puberty again when the medication stops." C) "This medication will slow down the changes but not reverse them." D) "Once therapy is done, she'll need surgery."

B) "She'll start puberty again when the medication stops."

The nurse is talking to the parents of a child who has been diagnosed with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). Which statement by the parents best indicates that they understand their child's condition? A) "He'll need to receive intravenous immunoglobulin routinely." B) "We'll need to prepare him and ourselves for a bone marrow transplant." C) "He'll need to receive several different types of antiviral medications." D) "We'll make sure that he has his EpiPen with him at all times."

B) "We'll need to prepare him and ourselves for a bone marrow transplant."

A 5-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is brought to the clinic by his mother for a follow-up visit after having his hemoglobin A1C level drawn. Which result would indicate to the nurse that the child is achieving long-term glucose control? A) 9.0% B) 8.2% C) 7.3% D) 6.9%

B) 8.2%

A nurse is instituting neutropenic precautions for a child. What information would the nurse most likely include? Select all that apply. A) Placing the child in a semiprivate room B) Avoiding rectal exams, suppositories, and enemas C) Placing a mask on the child when outside the room D) Encouraging an intake of raw fruits and vegetables E) Discouraging fresh flowers in the child's room

B) Avoiding rectal exams, suppositories, and enemas C) Placing a mask on the child when outside the room E) Discouraging fresh flowers in the child's room

A child with growth hormone deficiency is receiving growth hormone. What result would the nurse interpret as indicating effectiveness of this therapy? A) Rapid weight gain B) Complaints of headaches C) Height increase of 4 inches D) Growth plate closure

C) Height increase of 4 inches

The nurse is assessing a 9-year-old girl with a history of tuberculosis at age 6 years. She has been losing weight and has no appetite. The nurse suspects Addison disease based on which assessment findings? A) Arrested height and increased weight B) Thin, fragile skin and multiple bruises C) Hyperpigmentation and hypotension D) Blurred vision and enuresis

C) Hyperpigmentation and hypotension

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the endocrine system in infants and children. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they state: A) Endocrine glands begin developing in the third trimester of gestation. B) At birth, the endocrine glands are completely functional. C) Infants have difficulty balancing glucose and electrolytes. D) A child's endocrine system has little effect on growth and development.

C) Infants have difficulty balancing glucose and electrolytes.

A child is receiving methotrexate as part of his chemotherapy protocol. The nurse would anticipate administering which agent to counteract the toxic effects of methotrexate? A) Mesna B) Cyclosporine C) Leucovorin D) Nystatin

C) Leucovorin

The nurse is caring for a child who has undergone stem cell transplantation for severe combined immune deficiency. What finding would the nurse interpret as indicative of graft-versus-host disease? A) Presence of wheezing B) Splenomegaly C) Maculopapular rash D) Chronic or recurrent diarrhea

C) Maculopapular rash

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What would the nurse interpret as indicative of this disorder? A) Shortened prothrombin time B) Increased fibrinogen level C) Positive fibrin split products D) Increased platelets

C) Positive fibrin split products

Which exercise would the nurse suggest as most helpful to maintain mobility in a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? A) Jogging every other day B) Using a treadmill C) Swimming D) Playing basketball

C) Swimming

A group of nursing students are reviewing the various drug classes used for cancer chemotherapy. The students demonstrate an understanding of these classes when they identify which agent as an example of a nitrosourea? A) Busulfan B) Thiotepa C) Cisplatin D) Carmustine

D) Carmustine

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl with delayed puberty. Based on the nurse's knowledge of this condition, the nurse would include which nursing diagnosis in the child's plan of care? A) Disabled family coping related to the child's disorder B) Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements related to the child's short stature C) Noncompliance related to the need for lifelong hormone therapy D) Deficient knowledge related to the administration of estradiol

D) Deficient knowledge related to the administration of estradiol

Which test result would the nurse least likely expect to find in a child diagnosed with Wilms tumor? A) Complete blood count (CBC) within normal limits B) Urinalysis positive for blood C) Mass on kidney D) Elevated homovanillic acid (HVA) with 24-hour urine collection

D) Elevated homovanillic acid (HVA) with 24-hour urine collection

A group of students are reviewing information about the various types of insulin used to treat type 1 diabetes. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of these insulins as having the longest duration? A) Lispro B) Regular C) NPH D) Glargine

D) Glargine

A child is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which agent would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe? A) Mineralocorticoid B) Methimazole C) Levothyroxine D) Dexamethasone

B) Methimazole

What finding would the nurse expect to assess in a child with hypothyroidism? A) Nervousness B) Heat intolerance C) Smooth velvety skin D) Weight gain

D) Weight gain

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child who is suspected of having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What would the nurse identify as supporting this diagnosis? Select all that apply. A) Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) B) Increased C3 levels C) Thrombocytopenia D) Leukopenia E) Increased hematocrit

A) Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) C) Thrombocytopenia D) Leukopenia

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child with thalassemia. What information would the nurse expect to include? Select all that apply. A) Packed RBC transfusions B) Deferoxamine therapy C) Heparin therapy D) Opioid analgesics E) Platelet transfusions F) Intravenous immunoglobulin

A) Packed RBC transfusions B) Deferoxamine therapy

A nurse is assessing a child who may have a latex allergy. The nurse asks the child about allergic reactions to certain foods. Which foods if identified by the child as experiencing an allergic reaction would help support the suspected latex allergy? Select all answers that apply. A) Peaches B) Plums C) Carrots D) Tomatoes E) Apples F) Lettuce

A) Peaches B) Plums C) Carrots D) Tomatoes

The nurse is caring for a child with thalassemia who is receiving chelation therapy at home using a battery-operated pump. After teaching the parents about this treatment, which statement by the mother indicates a need for additional teaching? A) "I can have the nurse administer the chelation therapy if I am uncomfortable." B) "I must be very careful to strictly adhere to the chelation regimen." C) "The deferoxamine binds to the iron so it can be removed from the body." D) "The medication can be administered while my child is sleeping."

A) "I can have the nurse administer the chelation therapy if I am uncomfortable."

The nurse is providing home care instructions for a 13-year-old girl recently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Which response by the girl indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I need to wear sunscreen in the summer to prevent rashes." B) "I need to eat a healthy diet, exercise, and get plenty of sleep." C) "I need an eye examination every year." D) "I need to be careful when it is cold; I should always wear gloves."

A) "I need to wear sunscreen in the summer to prevent rashes."

A nurse is caring for a 12-year-old girl with a severe peanut allergy. The girl's parents are upset because the school does not permit her to carry her EpiPen with her. It must remain in the school's office per school regulations. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A) "She is allowed by law to carry her EpiPen with her; I will talk to school authorities." B) "Let's file an action plan and keep it in the school office in the event of anaphylaxis." C) "Make sure she wears a medical alert bracelet so that school staff know she has allergies." D) "I will be happy to train school authorities and staff to recognize anaphylaxis."

A) "She is allowed by law to carry her EpiPen with her; I will talk to school authorities."

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child who is receiving chemotherapy. To calculate the child's absolute neutrophil count, in addition to the total number of white blood cells, which results would the nurse use? Select all that apply. A) Bands B) Segs C) Eosinophils D) Basophils

A) Bands B) Segs

A 14-year-old boy is diagnosed with Hodgkin disease. When palpating for enlarged lymph nodes, the nurse would expect to find which nodes as most commonly enlarged? Select all that apply. A) Cervical B) Axillary C) Supraclavicular D) Occipital E) Inguinal

A) Cervical C) Supraclavicular

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 7-year-old boy with diabetes insipidus. What is the priority nursing diagnosis? A) Deficient fluid volume related to dehydration B) Excess fluid volume related to edema C) Deficient knowledge related to fluid intake regimen D) Imbalanced nutrition, more than body requirements related to excess weight

A) Deficient fluid volume related to dehydration

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the family and their 6-year-old son who has just been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. What would the nurse identify as the initial goal for the teaching plan? A) Developing management and decision-making skills B) Educating the parents about diabetes mellitus type 1 C) Developing a nutritionally sound, 30-day meal plan D) Promoting independence with self-administration of insulin

A) Developing management and decision-making skills

The nurse is assessing a child with aplastic anemia. What would the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply. A) Ecchymoses B) Tachycardia C) Guaiac-positive stool D) Epistaxis E) Severe pain F) Warm tender joints

A) Ecchymoses B) Tachycardia C) Guaiac-positive stool D) Epistaxis

What would the nurse expect to find in a male infant with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome? A) Eczema B) Thrombocytosis C) Lymphadenopathy D) Pneumonia

A) Eczema

The nurse is administering intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). The nurse assesses vital signs and for adverse reactions every 15 minutes for the first hour of administration. After the first hour, the nurse most likely would continue to assess the child at which frequency? A) Every 30 minutes B) Every 45 minutes C) Every 60 minutes D) Every 2 hours

A) Every 30 minutes

A child is diagnosed with a food allergy to milk. When teaching the parents about this allergy, what would the nurse suggest as possible substitutions for milk? Select all that apply. A) Fruit juice B) Rice milk C) Yogurt D) Nondairy creamers E) Soy milk

A) Fruit juice B) Rice milk E) Soy milk

When evaluating the hemogram of an 8-month-old infant, the nurse would identify which type of hemoglobin as being the predominant type? A) Hemoglobin A B) Hemoglobin F C) Hemoglobin A2 D) Hemoglobin S

A) Hemoglobin A

The parents bring their 4-year-old son to the emergency department. The child is receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The parents report that the child has become lethargic and has had significant episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. Why findings would lead the nurse to suspect the child may be experiencing tumor lysis syndrome? Select all answers that apply. A) Hyperkalemia B) Hypophosphatemia C) Polyuria D) Hypocalcemia E) Hyperuricemia

A) Hyperkalemia D) Hypocalcemia E) Hyperuricemia

While performing an assessment of a patient who is immunocompromised, the nurse notes the child to have thrush in the mouth, tenderness over the spleen upon palpation, and a white blood cell count of 3,000. Which nursing diagnoses will the nurse include in the care plan of this child based on these findings? Select all that apply. A) Ineffective protection B) Risk for imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements C) Pain D) Impaired skin integrity E) Delayed growth and development

A) Ineffective protection B) Risk for imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements C) Pain

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old boy with acute myelogenous leukemia who is experiencing feelings of powerlessness due to the effects of chemotherapy. What intervention will best help the teen's sense of control? A) Involving the boy in decisions whenever possible B) Acknowledging the boy's feelings of anger with the disease C) Providing realistic expectations of treatments and outcomes D) Recognizing abilities that are unaffected by the disease

A) Involving the boy in decisions whenever possible

The nurse is planning a discussion group for parents with children who have cancer. How would the nurse describe a difference between cancer in children and adults? A) Most childhood cancers affect the tissues rather than organs. B) Childhood cancers are usually localized when found. C) Unlike adult cancers, childhood cancers are less responsive to treatment. D) The majority of childhood cancers can be prevented.

A) Most childhood cancers affect the tissues rather than organs.

The nurse is caring for a child undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection. The nurse is preparing to administer the prescribed medication. In addition to the nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and the nonnucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), the nurse is cognizant that the child will be taking which additional medication as part of the three-drug regimen? A) Protease inhibitors B) Corticosteroids C) Cytotoxic drugs D) Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

A) Protease inhibitors

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a toddler with suspected lead poisoning. Lab results indicate blood lead level 52 mcg/dL. Which action would the nurse expect to happen next? A) Repeat testing within 2 days and prepare to begin chelation therapy as ordered. B) Repeat testing within 1 week with education to decrease lead exposure. C) Confirm with repeat testing in 1 month and referral to local health department. D) Prepare to admit child to begin chelation therapy.

A) Repeat testing within 2 days and prepare to begin chelation therapy as ordered.

When providing care to a child with aplastic anemia, which nursing diagnosis would be the priority? A) Risk for injury B) Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements C) Ineffective tissue perfusion D) Impaired gas exchange

A) Risk for injury

A child with hypogammaglobulinemia is to receive intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). What action would not be correct to take? A) Shake the vial after reconstituting it B) Premedicate the child with acetaminophen C) Obtain preinfusion vital signs D) Check serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels

A) Shake the vial after reconstituting it

The mother of a 5-year-old girl brings the child to the clinic for an evaluation. The mother tells the nurse, "She seems to be so tired and irritable lately. And she looks so pale." Further assessment reveals pale conjunctiva and oral mucous membranes. The nurse suspects iron-deficiency anemia. Which additional finding would help provide additional evidence for this suspicion? A) Spooned nails B) Negative splenomegaly C) Oxygen saturation: 99% D) Bradycardia

A) Spooned nails

A child with diabetes insipidus is being treated with vasopressin. The nurse would assess the child closely for signs and symptoms of which condition? A) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) B) Thyroid storm C) Cushing syndrome D) Vitamin D toxicity

A) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old girl with a family history of kidney cancer who has come to the clinic complaining of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which finding would the nurse identify as least likely indicative of cancer in a child? A) The child reports rectal bleeding and diarrhea. B) Observation reveals an asymmetric abdomen. C) The child experiences a broken bone without trauma. D) Palpation determines an abdominal mass.

A) The child reports rectal bleeding and diarrhea.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia about ways to increase their child's intake of iron. The parents demonstrate understanding of the teaching when they identify which foods as good choices for the child? Select all that apply. A) Tuna B) Salmon C) Tofu D) Cow's milk E) Dried fruits

A) Tuna B) Salmon C) Tofu E) Dried fruits

When reviewing the history of a child with suspected primary immunodeficiency, what would the nurse be least likely to find? A) Weight appropriate for height B) Antibiotic therapy for the past 3 months without effect C) Ten episodes of otitis media in the last year D) Three bouts of sinusitis within a year's time

A) Weight appropriate for height

A child with suspected sickle cell disease is scheduled for a hemoglobin electrophoresis. When reviewing the child's history, what would the nurse identify as potentially interfering with the accuracy of the results? A) Use of iron supplementation B) Blood transfusion 1 month ago C) Lack of fasting for 12 hours D) History of recent infection

B) Blood transfusion 1 month ago

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl who has been diagnosed with leukemia and will have a variety of tests, including a lumbar puncture, before beginning chemotherapy. What action would be the priority? A) Applying EMLA to the lumbar puncture site B) Educating the child and family about the testing procedures C) Administering promethazine as ordered for nausea D) Educating the family about chemotherapy and its side effects

B) Educating the child and family about the testing procedures

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child who is receiving cyclophosphamide. What advice would the nurse expect to include? A) Withholding food and fluids from the child during the infusion B) Encouraging frequent voiding during and after the infusion C) Monitoring for signs of anaphylaxis during infusion D) Assessing the child for complaints of bone pain

B) Encouraging frequent voiding during and after the infusion

The nurse is assessing a child with suspected thalassemia. What would the nurse expect to assess? A) Dactylitis B) Frontal bossing C) Presence of clubbing D) Presence of spooning

B) Frontal bossing

A child with diabetes reports that he is feeling a little shaky. Further assessment reveals that the child is coherent but with some slight tremors and sweating. A fingerstick blood glucose level is 70 mg/dL. What would the nurse do next? A) Administer a sliding-scale dose of insulin. B) Give 10 to 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate. C) Offer a complex carbohydrate snack. D) Administer glucagon intramuscularly.

B) Give 10 to 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a child with Addison disease. What would the nurse expect to find? A) Hypernatremia B) Hyperkalemia C) Hyperglycemia D) Hypercalcemia

B) Hyperkalemia

When teaching a group of new parents about newborn care and development, which immunoglobulin would the nurse explain as being primarily responsible for the passive immunity exhibited by newborns? A) IgA B) IgG C) IgM D) IgE

B) IgG

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old boy undergoing radiation treatment for a neuroblastoma. Which nursing diagnosis would be most applicable for this child? A) Activity intolerance related to anemia and weakness from medications B) Impaired skin integrity related to desquamation from cellular destruction C) Impaired oral mucosa related to the presence of oral lesions from malnutrition D) Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements related to nausea and vomiting

B) Impaired skin integrity related to desquamation from cellular destruction

A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a child with a primary immunodeficiency. Which nursing diagnosis is the priority? A) Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements related to poor appetite B) Ineffective protection related to impaired humoral defenses C) Acute pain related to inflammatory processes D) Risk for delayed growth and development related to chronic illness

B) Ineffective protection related to impaired humoral defenses

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl with hyperpituitarism. What ordered treatment will the nurse expect to perform? A) Give desmopressin acetate intranasally B) Inject octreotide acetate C) Give 1 mg/kg/day of methimazole D) Administer glipizide orally

B) Inject octreotide acetate

A nurse is providing care to a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with a platelet count of 18,000/mm3. Which medication would the nurse most likely expect to be ordered? A) Folic acid B) Intravenous immune globulin C) Dimercaprol D) Deferoxamine

B) Intravenous immune globulin

A child is receiving carboplatin as part of a chemotherapy protocol. What would be most important for the nurse to include in the child's plan of care? A) Monitoring for visual changes B) Maintaining adequate hydration C) Using prescribed eye drops to prevent conjunctivitis D) Avoiding administration with food or meals

B) Maintaining adequate hydration

The nurse is preparing a presentation for a parent group about childhood cancers, focusing on brain tumors in children. What would the nurse describe as the most common type of brain tumor? A) Brain stem glioma B) Medulloblastoma C) Ependymoma D) Astrocytoma

B) Medulloblastoma

A child is prescribed monthly injections of vitamin B12. When developing the teaching plan for the family, the nurse would focus on which type of anemia? A) Aplastic anemia B) Pernicious anemia C) Folic acid anemia D) Sickle cell anemia

B) Pernicious anemia

What would be most appropriate to include in the plan of care for a child who has undergone surgery for removal of an astrocytoma? A) Elevating the foot of the bed B) Positioning the child on his unaffected side C) Raising the head of the bed at least 45 degrees D) Administering large volumes of intravenous fluids

B) Positioning the child on his unaffected side

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory test results of a 7-year-old child with a suspected hematologic disorder. Which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned? A) WBC: 5.6 X 103/mm3 B) RBC: 2.8 X 106/mm3 C) Hemoglobin: 11.4 mg/dL D) Hematocrit: 35%

B) RBC: 2.8 X 106/mm3

The nurse is describing the phases of treatment to a child who was diagnosed with leukemia and his parents. How would the nurse describe the induction stage? A) Intense therapy to strengthen remission B) Rapid promotion of complete remission C) Elimination of all residual leukemic cells D) Reduction of risk for central nervous system (CNS) disease

B) Rapid promotion of complete remission

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl with an endocrine disorder involving the posterior pituitary gland. What care would the nurse expect to implement? A) Instructing the parents to report adverse reactions to the growth hormone treatment B) Teaching the parents how to administer the desmopressin acetate C) Informing the parents that treatment stops when puberty begins D) Educating the parents to report signs of acute adrenal crisis

B) Teaching the parents how to administer the desmopressin acetate

A 16-year-old patient has just been diagnosed with HIV. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the diagnosis? A) "It is important for our child to get started on drug therapy for a better chance of a cure of the infection." B) "I must be infected with HIV and passed it to our child while in the uterus for the infection to have occurred." C) "We don't want to face the fact that it is likely our child contracted HIV through sexual contact or IV drug use." D) "Infections as a result of being HIV positive are a low risk since the diagnosis came early."

C) "We don't want to face the fact that it is likely our child contracted HIV through sexual contact or IV drug use."

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl with von Willebrand disease. After teaching the adolescent and her parents about this disorder and care, which response by the parents indicates a need for additional teaching? A) "We need to administer Stimate prior to dental work." B) "We should be aware that she may suffer from menorrhagia." C) "We should administer desmopressin as often as needed." D) "We understand that she may have frequent nosebleeds."

C) "We should administer desmopressin as often as needed."

A 5-year-old girl is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia and is to receive iron supplements. The child has difficulty swallowing tablets, so a liquid formulation is prescribed. After teaching the parents about administering the iron supplement, which statement indicates the need for additional teaching? A) "She needs to eat foods that are high in fiber so she doesn't get constipated." B) "We'll try to get her to drink lots of fluids throughout the day." C) "We will place the liquid in the front of her gums, just below her teeth." D) "We need to measure the liquid carefully so that we give her the correct amount."

C) "We will place the liquid in the front of her gums, just below her teeth."

A nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 5-year-old with suspected iron-deficiency anemia. How would the nurse evaluate for changes in neurologic functioning? A) "Open your mouth so I can look inside your cheeks and lips." B) "Do you have any bruises on your feet or shins?" C) "Will you show me how you walk across the room?" D) "Let me see the palms of your hands and soles of your feet."

C) "Will you show me how you walk across the room?"

The nurse is caring for a child who is having an anaphylactic reaction with bronchospasm. The nurse would expect to administer what medication for bronchospasm as ordered? A) Epinephrine B) Corticosteroid C) Albuterol D) Diphenhydramine

C) Albuterol

The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old boy who is having chemotherapy. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the child and family about nutrition. What instruction would the nurse be least likely to include? A) Emphasizing the intake of grains, fruits, and vegetables B) Featuring high-fiber foods if opioid analgesics are being taken C) Concentrating on consuming primarily high-calorie shakes and puddings D) Avoiding milk products if diarrhea is a problem

C) Concentrating on consuming primarily high-calorie shakes and puddings

The school nurse is walking through the lunchroom when one of the children says she started to feel strange after trading lunches with a friend. Which assessment would be most important? A) Asking if she has a rash anywhere B) Checking if she has any nausea C) Determining if her throat itches D) Asking if she has abdominal pain

C) Determining if her throat itches

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl with a disseminated medulloblastoma. What intervention would be most appropriate for this situation? A) Providing emotional support to the parents and siblings of the child B) Recommending support groups for people whose children have cancer C) Encouraging the family to cry and express feelings away from the child D) Educating the family about the disease, its treatments, and side effects

C) Encouraging the family to cry and express feelings away from the child

The nurse is reviewing the white blood cell differential of a 4-year-old girl. Which value would lead the nurse to be concerned? A) Bands: 8% B) Segs: 28% C) Eosinophils: 10% D) Basophils: 0%

C) Eosinophils: 10%

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a 10-year-old girl with hyperthyroidism. What information would the nurse include in the plan? A) Describing surgery to remove an anterior pituitary tumor B) Teaching her parents to give injections of growth hormone C) Explaining about the radioactive iodine procedure D) Showing her parents how to give DDAVP intranasally

C) Explaining about the radioactive iodine procedure

The nurse is assessing a child with pauciarticular-type juvenile idiopathic arthritis. What would the nurse expect to assess? A) Fever B) Rash C) Eye inflammation D) Splenomegaly

C) Eye inflammation

A child diagnosed with stage IV neuroblastoma has undergone abdominal surgery to remove the tumor. He is now receiving chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be most important? A) Risk for infection related to chemotherapy B) Impaired skin integrity related to abdominal surgery C) Grieving related to advanced disease and poor prognosis D) Imbalanced nutrition related to adverse effects of chemotherapy

C) Grieving related to advanced disease and poor prognosis

The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old boy with type 2 diabetes mellitus. What would the nurse correlate with disorder? A) The parents report that their child had "a cold or flu" recently. B) Blood pressure is decreased when checking vital signs. C) The parents report that their son "can't drink enough water." D) Auscultation reveals Kussmaul breathing.

C) The parents report that their son "can't drink enough water."

After teaching a class about humoral and cellular immunity, the nurse recognizes that the additional teaching is needed when the class states that: A) humoral immunity crosses the placenta. B) cellular immunity involves the T lymphocytes. C) cellular immunity recognizes antigens. D) humoral immunity does not destroy the foreign cell.

C) cellular immunity recognizes antigens.

A child with systemic lupus erythematosus is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy over the long term. The nurse would instruct the parents and child to report: A) difficulty urinating. B) visual changes. C) joint pain. D) rash.

C) joint pain.

The parents of a child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia bring the child to the emergency department for evaluation because the child has had persistent vomiting. What finding would lead the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing an acute adrenal crisis? A) Hypernatremia B) Bradycardia C) Hypertension D) Hyperkalemia

D) Hyperkalemia

The nurse is caring for a child who has been admitted for a sickle cell crisis. What would the nurse do first to provide adequate pain management? A) Administer a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) as ordered. B) Use guided imagery and therapeutic touch. C) Administer meperidine as ordered. D) Initiate pain assessment with a standardized pain scale.

D) Initiate pain assessment with a standardized pain scale.

The nurse is obtaining a health history from parents whose 4-month-old boy has congenital hypothyroidism. What would the nurse most likely assess? A) The child has above-normal growth for his age. B) The child is active and playful. C) The skin is pink and healthy looking. D) It is difficult to keep the child awake.

D) It is difficult to keep the child awake.

A child is diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and is receiving several different medications listed in the medication administration record. Which agent would the nurse identify as being used to prevent disease progression? A) Aspirin B) Prednisone C) Ibuprofen D) Methotrexate

D) Methotrexate

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old boy with hemophilia. His parents are upset by the possibility that he will become infected with hepatitis or HIV from the clotting factor replacement therapy. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A) "Parents commonly fear the worst; however, the factor will help your child lead a normal life." B) "There are risks with any treatment including using blood products, but these are very minor." C) "Although factor replacement is expensive, there's more financial strain from missing work if he has a bleeding episode." D) "Since dry heat treatment of the factor began in 1986, there have been no reports of virus transmission."

D) "Since dry heat treatment of the factor began in 1986, there have been no reports of virus transmission."

The mother of a 5-year-old child with allergies to a variety of foods including eggs, milk, peanuts and shellfish, asks if her child will "always have these problems". What response by the nurse is most accurate? A) "Sadly, allergies to foods will persist." B) "Most children with allergies will outgrow them." C) "We cannot be sure at this point but most children who are allergic to peanuts will not have this allergy in adulthood." D) "In most cases allergies to peanuts and shellfish persist into adulthood but the others may diminish and disappear."

D) "In most cases allergies to peanuts and shellfish persist into adulthood but the others may diminish and disappear."

The nurse is caring for a child recently diagnosed with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The nurse is teaching the parents about triggers that may result in oxidative stress. Which response indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I doubt he will ever eat fava beans, but they could trigger hemolysis." B) "He must avoid exposure to naphthalene, an agent found in mothballs." C) "He must never take methylene blue for a urinary tract infection." D) "My son can never take penicillin for an infection."

D) "My son can never take penicillin for an infection."

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old girl who is undergoing a stem cell transplant. What information would the nurse include in the child's postoperative plan of care? A) Assessing for petechiae, purpura, bruising, or bleeding B) Limiting blood draws to the minimum volume required C) Administering antiemetics around the clock as ordered D) Monitoring for severe diarrhea and maculopapular rash

D) Monitoring for severe diarrhea and maculopapular rash

A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with congenital adrenal hyperplasia about the signs and symptoms of adrenal crisis. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the parents correctly identify what sign of adrenal crisis? A) Bradycardia B) Constipation C) Fluid overload D) Persistent vomiting

D) Persistent vomiting

The nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is HIV positive. The nurse would expect to administer a 6-week course of which medication? A) Lopinavir B) Ritonavir C) Nevirapine D) Zidovudine

D) Zidovudine