FIT FINAL EXAMS
In relation to Code element 9.09. Accuracy and Use of Data, the RBT must do all of the following except
Fabricate missing or incompetent data
Caleb has been working with children with autism for four years. He just received his RBT credential. Due to his long history in the field:
He must obtain ongoing supervision as outlined by the BACB
Which of the following stakeholder questions would it be appropriate for an RBT to answer directly? The caregiver for the client asks:
I don't think I understand negative reinforcement. Can you explain it to me?
Which of the following is the best response to a social invitation to accompany your client and her family on a fun outing at an amusement park?
I really appreciate the invitation, but as we discussed in our intake meeting, my ethics code requires that the time I spend with you is strictly focused on clinical needs. Have a great time!
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the RBT according to Code element 10.05?
If supervised by a BCaBA, confirm that the BCaBA is receiving proper supervision
Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons early intervention in ASD is so important?
It is successful 100% of the time in eliminating ASD
Which of the following is a consequence for Kaya's behavior?
Kaya writes her name on a piece of paper and her teacher says, "Great job!"Which of the following is an example of reinforceme
Hasan provides feedback to Loris, an RBT working on a case with him. Hasan tells Loris that she incorrectly used time-out for a behavior that should not have been consequated with a time-out procedure. Loris believes that Hasan is wrong about this, and the program does call for a time-out, but she says nothing. Later when Loris reads the current plan, she finds that time-out is the correct procedure for that target behavior in that circumstance. Loris says nothing more, but stops using time-out for that behavior, regardless of what the behavior program says. Did Loris respond appropriately to the feedback?
NO, Loris should ask for clarification from Hasan
Debbie is a BCBA, who supervises Carrie, an RBT. Carrie currently has a full caseload, and has barely enough time to provide the funded hours of service, maintain client graphs and records, attend required meetings, and submit necessary paperwork within her full-time allotment of work hours. Debbie takes on a new case and asks Carrie to help her out. Carrie agrees to work on the case, stating she will have to make the time by doing less on her other cases. Is Carrie behaving ethically?
No, Carrie should tell Debbie that she currently has a full caseload
According to Code element 1.0: Responsible Conduct of Behavior Analysts, an RBT should:
Present themselves professionally
Matias is an RBT that recently completed his coursework and supervision requirements to sit for the BCaBA exam. Matias has had his application approved to take the exam in one month, but since he has completed the coursework and supervision portion he may now use which of the following titles?
RBT
Jenn is an RBT. A friend knows that Jenn works with behavior problems so she asked Jenn to help with her son's feeding issues. Jenn does not have direct experience in dealing with feeding disorders, but she attended a feeding workshop at a conference last year, and has read several articles on feeding disorders. What should Jenn do?
Refer her friend to one or more BCBAs with experience with feeding disorders
According to Code element 8.01 Avoiding False or Deceptive Statements, an RBT should:
Refrain from exaggerating one's own training, qualifications, and affiliations
Joshua has been an RBT for three years but is concerned that he has forgotten some elements that he was trained on because he does not use them regularly with his clients. He should:
Request that his supervisor assist him in the forgotten elements
What is the behavior function being tested in the alone condition of a functional analysis?
Rules out socially mediated reinforcement and suggests automatic reinforcement
The behavioral term for an antecedent stimulus that is correlated with the availability of reinforcement in the past (or otherwise stated: a stimulus that evokes a behavior because it signals that reinforcement is more likely in its presence than in its absence) is:
SD
All of the following are behaviors associated with ASD EXCEPT:
Talking non-stop for long periods of time
Freddy has just become an RBT and is eager to increase his caseload. Which of the following is an appropriate way to find more clients?
Tell his supervisor that he would like to work on additional cases where his skills may be required
While attending meetings and conferences as an RBT, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
Text your supervisor with client-related questions
Which if the following is NOT a variable that might affect the clients behavior
The clients personality
All professional work should be documented with:
The date, month, and year of both the service and the writing of the document
Why is good communication with an RBT's supervisor important?
The information RBTs provide helps keep clients safe
Supervisors should provide feedback to supervisees for which of the following reasons? X = Feedback can be an effective way to improve a supervisee's performance Y = The BACB requires the supervisor to provide feedback to the RBT Z = Feedback is a good way for a supervisor to maintain total control over all aspects of the case
X and Y
Which of the following is true regarding discrimination training? X = Arrays of items should imitate natural arrangement of items Y = Items in an array should be rearranged after each trial Z = Arrays of items should always be neatly lined up
X and Y
"Professionalism," in relation to Code element 1.0 Responsible Conduct of Behavior Analysts, requires which of the following? X = Wearing clothes during work-related activities that are clean and neat, and appropriate to the setting Y = Becoming a high-level content expert in all aspects of ABA Z = Using appropriate language
X and Z
Lucinda receives praise and tickles for correctly naming items in her picture books on a VI-5' schedule. Which of the following must occur for reinforcement to be delivered? X = Approximately 5 minutes must have elapsed since the last time praise and tickles were delivered Y = Lucinda must correctly name 5 various items from her picture book Z = Lucinda must correctly name the same item from her picture book 5 times
X only
When an RBT becomes the subject of a disciplinary investigation at work, that RBT must report this to the BACB _______. X = Within 30 days of the initiation of the investigation Y = After 90 days have passed since the investigation began Z = When the investigation is over and the finding has been issued
X only
A behavior reduction plan may include interventions based on which of the following? X = Antecedents Y = Reinforcement Z = Punishment
X, Y and Z
According to Code element 1.02: Boundaries of competence, an RBT must have had which of the following in order to say they are "competent" in a skill? X = Education Y = Supervised experience Z = Training
X, Y and Z
An RBT should avoid making false statements about which of the following? X = The work they currently do Y = What they can do competently Z = Their work history
X, Y and Z
Kyra, an RBT, is providing services to Hideki, a 19-year-old in a group home. Hideki has allergies and during their sessions his nose often drips. Kyra lets Hideki blow his nose once at the beginning of the session, but notices that he often wipes his nose on his shirtsleeve. Kyra decides to take Hideki on an outing to the mall, but doesn't want him to dirty another shirt and so she does not provide a clean one. How could Kyra better maintain the dignity of her client? X = Have him wipe his nose with a tissue as needed throughout the session Y = Provide him with a clean shirt before leaving the house Z = Provide easy access to tissues during the outing
X, Y and Z
The dissemination of behavior analysis is important because doing so: X = Informs the public of the profession Y = Educates clients on the services they are receiving Z = Educates clients on the services that are available to them
X, Y and Z
Ilana is tasked with collecting partial interval data on Paula's skin picking. Under which condition would Ilana record a "+" (occurrence)? X = Paula picked at her skin halfway through the interval Y = Paula picked at her skin during the very last second of the interval Z = Paula continuously picked at her skin throughout the interval
X, Y, and Z
Applied behavior analysis has seven defining characteristics, or dimensions, these include: X=Skill-building Y=Generality Z=Effective
Y and Z
The RBT is responsible for _____ emergency procedures X = Determining the details of Y = Implementing Z = Reporting the use of
Y and Z
If it has been a long time since an RBT has been trained on a skill and they do not feel comfortable implementing that skill, they could resolve the issue by: X = Searching for information on the skill on the internet Y = Asking their supervisor for additional training Z = Watching another RBT do the skill, and copying them
Y only
Continuous measures are those that have which of the following characteristics: X = Observers intermittently observe and record whether the learner's behavior is continuous or not Y = Continuous observations occur during the last 30 seconds of each interval, and data are marked down at the end Z = Observers watch and collect data in an uninterrupted fashion throughout the observation period
Z only
Eddie is an RBT and his supervising BCBA informs him that socially mediated reinforcement has been ruled out and the behavior is likely maintained by automatic reinforcement. What condition of a functional analysis helps to rule out socially mediated reinforcement and therefore suggests behavior is maintained by automatic reinforcement?
alone
Mica hits his sister Dorothy when she is playing with a toy he prefers, and his hitting her almost always results in her giving him the toy. The behavior plan states that if Mica hits Dorothy, he may not get to play with the toy in question. However, if he asks Dorothy nicely to play with a toy (e.g., "Can I have a turn, please?"), he gets immediate access to the toy (and Dorothy is given another preferred toy and a lot of social praise for sharing - a strong reinforcer for her). If the target behavior for reduction is Mica's hitting others, then this program procedure is an example of differential reinforcement of __________.
alternative behavior (DRI)
Discriminative stimuli and motivating operations are the two general categories of:
antecedent
The RBT says, "Cedric touch blue" and then Cedric screams. If Cedric is the behaver and screaming is the target response, what is the most appropriate term for the RBT's response, that is, the RBT saying "Cedric, touch blue"?
antecedent
Interventions that manipulate events in the environment that occur before the behavior and alter those events to change behavior (2 words) a
antecedent interventions
A general term in ABA for a stimulus or condition that is pleasant or preferred
appetitive
A stimulus that: a. when presented following a response may be reinforcing; b. when removed following a response may be punishing:
appetitive
If this type of stimulus or stimulus conditions follows a response it may strengthen that response (function as reinforcement)
appetitive
What should an RBT do when asked to perform a task that is outside of their area of "competence"?
ask for training and feedback from the supervisor
Which of the following is NOT included under the "Interventions" section in a behavior reduction plan?
assessment procedures
The role of the RBT in relation to Code element 3.01: Behavior-Analytic Assessment is to:
assist with graphing data after the functional assessment
As an RBT, one of your duties may be disseminating behavior analysis by:
assisting with presentations on ABA procedures
When should reinforcement be delivered in backward chaining?
at the end of the chain, if the response met requirements
Functional assessment results indicate that Drake's problem behavior is being maintained by automatic reinforcement. How would Holly implement extinction for Drake's problem behavior? When problem behavior occurs, she should:
attempt to "mask" the sensory stimulation
Function of behavior that is a type of socially mediated positive reinforcement that results in access to attention from others
attention
In the ___ condition of a functional analysis, the antecedent requires that the therapist is present in the room with the client but appears busy (e.g., reading or working).
attention
In the past when Zoe would scream and cry, Don would yell at her to be quiet. Now when Zoe screams and cries, Don says nothing, and does not even look at her until she stops screaming and crying. Zoe's screaming and crying has reduced over time. Don appears to be implementing extinction for behavior maintained by _____.
attention
Attention is withheld following an occurrence of problem behavior (2 words)
attention extinction
When the completion of the target response directly produces the reinforcer it is called ___ reinforcement.
automatic
Reinforcement results directly as a result of engaging in the response (2 words)
automatic reinforcement
One type of chaining in which the steps (responses) of the skill are taught, one at a time, in reverse order (2 words) b
backward chaining
Tonya, an RBT, is following a behavior plan to teach Dom how to make his bed. The steps in the task analysis are as follows: 1. Straighten up the pillows at the top of the bed 2. Pull the sheets up over the pillows 3. Pull the comforter up over the pillows 4. Smooth the comforter so the blanket is smooth and there are no wrinkles Tonya begins teaching by completing steps 1-3 for Dom, without his help, and then prompts Dom as needed to complete step 4, "Smoothing the comforter," and immediately provides reinforcement. Tonya fades the prompts until Dom fully masters step 4. Next, Tonya continues to complete steps 1 and 2 without Dom's assistance, but now prompts Dom (as needed) to do step 3, "Pulling up the comforter," followed by step 4 in sequence, and then provides reinforcement. She continues this process until Dom learns to complete all the steps of the task analysis without requiring any prompts or assistance. What type of procedure is Tonya using to teach Dom to make the bed?
backward chaining
Which of the following are features of good communication with your supervisor as an RBT?
be respectful
Individual Education Plans (IEPs), skill acquisition plans, behavior reduction plans, and formal behavior intervention programs (BIPs) may all be considered types of:
behavior plans
Observable and measurable behavior as the target for change
behavioral
Behaviors that are problematic because they do not occur enough (2 words)
behavioral deficit
Behavior that poses immediate and significant danger to the client or others (2 words)
behavioral emergency
Which of the following statements is true? Autism affects ______.
both boys and girls all over the world
If an RBT is unsure about how to handle a former client's records and data they should:
check with supervisor
The role of the RBT in relation to Code element 9.09: Accuracy and Use of Data, is to: ____.
collect and honestly report accurate data
Jane is working on becoming an RBT. To earn her credential, Jane must first demonstrate skills from the RBT Task List either in a role-play situation, or working directly with clients. Demonstrating skills in this way meets which of the following RBT requirements?
competency assessment
Procedures are linked to the basic principles of behavior (2 words)
conceptually systematic
Restrictions placed on certain types of information, such as Social Security number, home address, health information
confidentiality
A __ is a stimulus that follows a response
consequence
As an RBT, what should you do before disclosing confidential client information without a client's consent?
consult with your supervisor
Functional assessment has determined that Drake's "slapping others" is maintained by escape from task demands. If Holly decides to implement an extinction procedure for Drake's "slapping others," what should Drake's caregivers do when he slaps?
continue prompting Drake through the task until he complies
Mandy is teaching a new learner, Evan, how to comply with simple requests, such as "come here" and "sit down." Evan receives a sticker each and every time he complies with a request. What type of reinforcement schedule is Mandy using?
continuous
An RBT hears their role (in the service delivery system) being stated in a misleading or inaccurate way by someone else. The RBT has a responsibility to:
correct the statement immediately
For the field of behavior analysis the BACB is the (2 words)
credentialing body
All the following are possible forms of verbal behavior EXCEPT:
crying
All of the following are steps commonly included in naturalistic teaching procedures EXCEPT:
decide for the learner what will motivate them
When training stakeholders, an RBT might do all the following EXCEPT:
decide how to conduct the training
ABA services may focus on all the following EXCEPT:
decreasing all annoying behavior
In the ___ condition of a functional analysis, the behavior function being tested is socially mediated negative reinforcement in the form of task removal.
demand
Which of the following is NOT a proper way for an RBT to communicate with one's supervisor regarding data?
demand changes be made to client programs
In this condition of an FA the therapist provides escape following an occurrence of problem behavior (2 words)
demand condition
In relation to Code element 3.01: Behavior-Analytic Assessment, the RBT may be expected to do all the following EXCEPT:
determine which functional assessment procedure to use
Susan sets out a pile of silverware on a table and asks her client Marc to "match" them by placing each item in the correct slot of a silverware holder, just like the one in the silverware drawer in the kitchen. When Marc makes an incorrect response (incorrect match), Susan removes the silverware for a moment, then repeats the instruction and this time provides Marc with a prompt to evoke the correct "matching" response. This is an example of which type of teaching procedure?
discrete trial teaching
Paula is working with her client Deirdre. Paula sits across a table from Deirdre, presents an array of cards with pictures of a ball, a car, a cloud, and a sheep, and asks Deirdre to "point to the animal." When Deirdre points to the picture of the sheep, Paula provides praise and a few seconds of time with a preferred toy. This is an example of which type of teaching procedure?
discrete trial training
One way antecedent interventions help prevent problem behavior is by altering _____.
discriminitve stimuli (SD)
Gina is an RBT working with a young child named Samuel. She's been working with Samuel for over a year and has noticed him engaging in a new, inappropriate behavior. She feels confident that a procedure used with another client she works with would work well with Samuel. How should Gina proceed?
discuss the new behavior and the procedure with Samuel's BCBA
According to Code 2.05 Rights and Prerogatives of Clients, RBTs must provide _____ to their clients if they are requested to do so.
documentation of their RBT status
Mary-Jo spits on the floor (and sometimes other objects). An assessment reveals that this behavior is maintained by her brother George's attention. Mary spits on average of once about every 15 minutes. An RBT is working with George to help reduce Mary-Jo's spitting by using a DRO procedure developed by the BCBA. The DRO program calls for George to provide attention to Mary whenever she _________.
does not spit for a period of 10 consecutive minutes
The amount of time that each instance of the target behavior occurs (3 words)
duration per occurance
Helen is an RBT who is working to strengthen her client Adriana's imitation skills. Adriana loves trains, so Helen decides to incorporate trains into her teaching procedures. Which of the following would be the best example of using naturalistic teaching methods to improve Helen's imitation skills?
during playtime Helen says "do this" and then pushes a toy train a few inches down the track
A(n) ___is evoked by an antecedent verbal stimulus, and the response is vocal imitation.
echoic
After hearing Tucker say, "Please pass the bacon", Andrea says "Please pass the bacon." Andrea's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
echoic
Which verbal operant is evoked by an antecedent verbal stimulus and is considered vocal imitation?
echoic
Environmental or other non-discrete conditions that may impact the behavior of a client (2 words)
ecological variable
Eric is a behavior analyst who works with a young girl named Laura. Which of the following is an example of an indirect preference assessment method?
eric talks to laura about her favorite toys and records which ones she says are her favorites
Method that enhances DTT by prompting correct response immediately after the instruction (2 words)
errorless teaching
Which common function of behavior is a type of socially mediated negative reinforcement in the form of termination or removal from something the individual does not like?
escape
Which of the following is an example of rate data?
fist to ear behavior occurred 12 times per hour
behavior that is fast accurate and durable
fluency
When the speaker emits a compliance request, how would the listener then, "mediate reinforcement for the speaker"?
follow the directions provided by the speaker
Feedback delivered during pre-arranged meetings/sessions (3 words)
formal feedback delivery
Alia is teaching a young teen how to send an email. The steps in the task analysis are as follows: 1. Log in to your email 2. Click "New email" 3. Type the recipient's email address where it says "To" 4. Type your message 5. Click "Send" Alia begins teaching the first step in the chain, logging in to the learner's email, and provides reinforcement after this step is completed. When that step is mastered, Alia teaches the second step, click "New email," and provides reinforcement if the first and second step meet requirements. What kind of chaining is being used?
forward chaining
Chaining procedure in which the steps (responses) of the skill are taught, one at a time, in the same order as they naturally occur (2 words)
forward chaining
Susan goes to Jacob's home to conduct a preference assessment. She brings him to his toy room and puts out a few additional toys that she brought with her, but otherwise, Susan sits back and watches as Jacob approaches and plays with the various items. She records the duration of time that he interacts with each item and reports it as duration per item. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
free-operant
When conducting a ___ preference assessment, observe the client in the natural environment or arrange items that can be freely approached. Allow the client to approach and interact with the items and record the duration of interaction with each item.
free-operant
The reason the behavior occurs and continues to occur over time
function
The reason the behavior occurs and continues to occur over time is the __________ of behavior
function
which of the following is an objective, professional description?
gene labeled three different toys during floor play
Behavior change maintains across time, transfers to other settings and situations, spreads to other behaviors
generality
In session, Pat is taught to tact flowers. He is taught to tact a picture of a rose as a "flower." He is taught to tact a field of poppies in a movie as "flowers." Each time he tacts correctly, the therapist gives him praise or a token. Then one day at the market Pat sees buckets of flowers and says "flowers" without prompting and without the therapist being present. This is an example of:
generalization
Sarah sometimes skips putting soap on her hands when she washes them. When Sarah first turns on the water, her therapist immediately stands beside the soap dispenser and touches it. Sarah puts soap on her hands and then finishes the rest of the steps for hand washing. What kind of stimulus prompt was used?
gestural or movement
Sam's lips are chapped and burning. His aunt sees his lips and says, "Wow, you need to put some lip moisturizer on those lips!" Sam then puts moisturizer on his lips. Which of the following is the prompt that evoked Sam's behavior of putting on lip moisturizer?
his aunts statement
During snack time with his client, Jean, RBT Theo says, "Try this out" and stabs cheese cubes with his fork while making silly sounds. Jean copies Theo's use of the fork, and then Theo shows Jean how to use the fork to bring the cheese cube to his own mouth and eat. This is an example of which type of teaching procedure?
incidental teaching
Type of functional assessment during which information is gathered about behavior without actually observing the behavior occur (2 words)
indirect assessment
Angel is a behavior analyst who works with a young boy named Jay. Angel has a structured interview questionnaire and is asking Jay's mom about the types of stimuli that Jay likes. Which type of preference assessment is Angel using?
indirect preference assessments
Products of human intelligence including scientific publications, writings, course materials, tests, copyrights, trademarks, etc (2 words)
intellectual property
Mr. Buono often provides "prize stickers" to students who correctly answer questions in his class. These stickers may be traded in later for items in the "prize bag." Not every correct answer earns a sticker, but Mr. Buono strives to provide several stickers to each student every day. This has resulted in an increase in every student's rate of volunteering to answer questions. What type of reinforcement schedule is being used?
intermittent
When Leonard attempts to slap his own head when in task ("audible hand-to-head contact: in task"), neutrally and non-verbally block the slap; when self-slapping attempts have stopped for 10 - 15 seconds, and he completes a single step in the task, prompt him to sign for "break." This sentence would most likely be found in which section of a behavior reduction plan?
interventions section
A(n) ___is evoked by other verbal stimuli and the response form is more commonly considered answering, explaining, or otherwise engaging in conversation.
intraverbal
The three main components of a discrete trial training trial are (1) the antecedent, (2) the _____, and (3) the consequence
learners behavior
Aversive stimuli are things you might report that you don't like, or want to get away from. Appetitive stimuli are things you might report that you _____.
like
The individual who provides the antecedents and consequences for the speaker. AKA the mediator
listener
A common goal of ABA programing is to teach meaningful skills to our learners that lead towards greater independence. If the client can still do those learned behaviors long after we have stopped providing services or training, this is referred to as:
maintenance
If we are looking to see if results of an intervention persist across time (i.e., trained behavior continues to occur) we are focusing on:
maintenance
Sergei learned to "ask for help" instead of engaging in tantrum behavior to obtain assistance. Two months later, at a follow-up visit, Sergei continues to appropriately "ask for help" when he needs it, and he no longer tantrums. Sergei's continuing to ask for help after training has ended is an example of which of the following?
maintenance
A(n) ___is under the antecedent control of the motivating operation and the response form is commonly called asking or requesting.
mand
Requesting, asking or commanding under the control of a motivating operation, and that is reinforced by a specific reinforcer
mand
Tucker's stomach growls then he says, "Please pass the bacon", and Andrea passes him the bacon. Tucker's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
mand
Which verbal operant is evoked by a motivating operation and the consequence is the specific reinforcer requested?
mand
A behavior analyst or RBT does NOT need to report to the BACB a change in one's ____.
marital status with no change in name
If a learner can perform a skill but requires prompts to start, or to complete the skill correctly, then this skill has not been _____.
mastered
Discontinuous measures include partial interval recording, whole interval recording, and:
momentary time sampling
Mira is helping her co-worker Bryan improve his posture, and begins by taking some baseline data for him. She has a timer that vibrates every 5 minutes. When it vibrates, Mira stops what she is doing, looks at Bryan, and marks a "+" if he is sitting up straight or standing up straight. She marks a "—" if he is hunched over. She is collecting _______ data.
momentary time sampling
Type of prompt fading in which the prompt is immediately provided and then faded out as the learner responds correctly (3 words)
most to least
Preference assessment during which 3-7 items are presented simultaneously (2 words)
multiple stimulus
Hannah places a pretzel, a piece of popcorn, a grape, and a slice of tangerine in front of Dan. Dan takes the grape and eats it. Hannah removes the other food items and records Dan's selection. After Dan finishes eating the grape, Hannah places the pretzel, the popcorn, and the tangerine in front of him. This time Dan takes the popcorn. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
multiple stimulus without replacement
Preference assessment during which all items are presented on each trial and selected items are NOT returned to the array (4 words)
multiple stimulus without replacement
Susan places a puzzle, a Slinky, a toy airplane, and a squishy ball in front of Jacob. Jacob grabs the Slinky and starts playing with it. Susan removes the other items and records Jacob's response. After 30 seconds Susan takes the Slinky from Jacob then presents the same four items to him again. Once again, Jacob takes the Slinky. Susan records his selection. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
multiple-stimulus with replacement
Descriptive assessment in which the observer writes a description of the behavior and environment throughout a specific time period (2 words)
narrative recording
_____ teaching procedures often look like play as target behaviors are incorporated into activities the learner prefers.
naturalistic
Teaching skills in the natural environment away from an "artificial" setting (3 words)
naturalistic teaching procedures
A driving instructor takes away a teenager's cell phone for texting while driving. The teenager never texts while driving again. This is an example of which type of consequence?
negative punishment
A teacher deducts 5 minutes of recess time every time Joey hits someone else on the playground. Joey hits peers less and less in the future. This is an example of which type of consequence?
negative punishment
In ___, a stimulus is removed (or reduced) after a behavior and this results in the behavior happening more often in the future:
negative reinforcement
With this type of consequence, a stimulus is removed (or reduced) after a behavior and this results in the behavior happening more often in the future:
negative reinforcement
Millie has been an RBT for a few months and has just started working for a new agency. While reviewing her caseload she notices that her tight schedule with clients requires her to leave some clients' homes before the billable time is over. When she asks another RBT at the agency for advice, that RBT says it's okay because this agency lets you charge drive time as part of service delivery. Millie accepts this and charges accordingly in the future. Given this situation, is Millie behaving ethically?
no, Millie is obligated to be honest when she bills, and driving is not a behavioral service
Which common antecedent intervention for reducing problem behavior is also known as "time-based stimulus delivery" because the preferred stimulus is delivered "for free," based solely on the passage of time?
noncontingent reinforcement
After you take the BACB RBT exam, with whom would it be acceptable to discuss specific exam questions?
none of these
The cause of autism has been clearly identified as:
none; there is no known cause
Hannah places a pretzel and a piece of popcorn in front of Dan. He takes the popcorn and eats it, so Hannah removes that pretzel and records the selection on her data sheet. After Dan finishes the popcorn, Hanna places a grape and a slice of tangerine in front of Dan. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
paired-stimulus
When conducting a ___ preference assessment, the stimuli are presented two at a time until each item is presented at least once with every other item. Record which of the two items was selected and report the data as a percentage of selections.
paired-stimulus
A ratio that expresses the likelihood that some event would occur if given 100 opportunities to occur
percentage
The results of behavior or something that the behavior leaves behind that can be measured (2 words)
permanent product
This type of data collection involves measuring the results of behavior or something the behavior leaves behind.
permanent product
Which of the following should NOT be included in session notes?
personal opinions related to the client
added to the reinforcement
positive
Information about past performance that is at or above the desired level or criterion (2 words)
positive feedback
A consequence in which a specific stimulus is presented (added) or magnified (increased), and results in a decreased likelihood of that response in the future (2 words)
positive punishment
In this type of consequence, a stimulus is presented after a response and as a result, that type of response is less likely in the future:
positive punishment
Abby doesn't know how to answer a question on her worksheet. She raises her hand to get help, but her teacher is working with another student. Abby yells out, "Hey teacher, I need help!" Her teacher reprimands her for yelling and then helps Abby with her worksheet. Now Abby yells whenever she needs help. Abby is the behaver, and her shouting out is the target behavior. The teacher's reprimands have functioned as a form of:
positive reinforcement
Charlie's mom is on the phone. Charlie says, "Mom, watch this!" but his mom continues to talk on the phone. Charlie screams and hits his mom, so she puts down the phone and yells, "What do you want?" Now, whenever Charlie's mom is on the phone and he wants her attention, he screams and hits her. Charlie is the behaver, and his screaming and hitting are the behaviors of interest here. Charlie's mom yelling at him when he screams and hits is an example of:
positive reinforcement
Sage will wash his hands when prompted, "Wash your hands, Sage." Although the behavior is emitted when prompted, he never washes his hands unless he is prompted, even when his hands are dirty. What situation does this scenario describe?
prompt dependancy
Which of the following is NOT true regarding prompts?
prompts can occur either before the target response, or immediately following the target response to strengthen it
Functional assessment results indicate that Leslie's problem behavior is maintained by escape from John's task demands. How might John effectively implement noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) for Leslie's problem behavior? John could ___ every 30 minutes.
provide Leslie with a five-minute break
Serena is working on some math problems with a tutor. After she provides an incorrect answer her tutor says, "No, that's not right; please try again." Serena continues to make the same mistake on each math problem. What is the least restrictive (and most likely to be effective) way to help Serena improve her performance?
provide an effective prompt to Serena before she makes an incorrect response
An antecedent intervention in which the learner is allowed to pick various aspects of activities and tasks which can make the task more preferred or enjoyable (2 words)
provide choice
What makes task modification a potentially effective antecedent intervention for problem behavior?
reducing task difficulty reduces the EO for "escape" from task demands
The two essential components of differential reinforcement are ___ and ___.
reinforcement; extinction
When a learner is taught one response, but then other responses that were not taught occur, this is called:
response generalization
Letitia is an RBT. She has just updated her client's graphs and she notices a small decreasing trend in one of the client's problem behaviors. The most appropriate course of action would be for Letitia to: _________
review the graphed data with her supervisor
Stimuli that are pre-determined by the giver and may or may not increase the likelihood of behavior
rewards
Beth observes Kevin throughout the school day. At the end of each 30-minute interval, Beth marks on the data sheet whether the behavior did or did not occur during that time period. Which type of data collection is Beth utilizing?
scatterplot
Descriptive assessment in which data are collected using a grid to identify when behavior occurs most frequently
scatterplot
Specifies the response requirements for earning reinforcement (3 words)
schedule of reinforcement
One that is experimentally controlled, based on evidence of effectiveness, socially validated and technological (2 words)
scientific procedure
Behavior reduction procedure that consists of blocking or "masking" the sensory stimulation that the behavior typically produces (2 words)
sensory extinction
Results of a functional assessment suggest that 12-year-old Helen's banging her silverware or cup on the table is maintained by receiving food from a member of her family at a meal. Helen's family works with the RBT to implement a DRA procedure by providing Helen with food at dinner if she ___, but ignoring her if she bangs her silverware or cup on the table.
signs for food or points to her plate
One general type of discrimination training in which both the SD and SΔ stimulus conditions are presented to the learner at the same time (2 words)
simultaneous discrimination
When conducting a ___ preference assessment, place items (one at a time) in front of the learner. Record whether the learner approaches, avoids, or makes no response to the item.
single-item (approach method)
Susan puts a puzzle in front of Jacob. He takes two minutes putting it together and then stops interacting with it. Susan records the two minutes for the puzzle on the data sheet, takes away the puzzle, and then places a Slinky® in front of Jacob. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
single-item (duration method)
When conducting a ___ preference assessment, place items (one at a time) in front of the learner then record the total amount of time the learner interacts with the item (up to a maximum amount of time).
single-item (duration method)
Plan that lists what needs to be taught and how to teach it (3 words)
skill acquisition plan
Tommy is the behaver and the behavior is getting ready for dinner. Tommy is in his bedroom at his group home playing video games. A staff member announces to the residents, "Dinner will be ready in 5 minutes!" Tommy gets ready for dinner (turns off his video game, washes his hands, and goes to sit at the kitchen table). The staff member hands him a plate of food. In relation to Tommy getting ready for dinner, what is the antecedent?
staff members announcement
Gradually shifting the controlling antecedent for a response (3 words)
stimulus control transfer
Antecedent intervention in which the demand is initially presented at the lowest level of difficulty that does not cause problem behavior and then made more difficult (3 words)
stimulus fading in
If a response occurs in the presence of new antecedents, it would be an example of:
stimulus generalization
The same trained response occurs in the presence of new and untrained antecedent stimuli or in untrained environments (2 words)
stimulus generalization
S-R-S is the more technical way to describe the 3-term contingency and stands for (3 words)
stimulus response stimulus
A client may also be referred to as any of the following EXCEPT:
subject
You show the learner a circle and ask, "What shape is this?" This is an example of which type of discrimination training?
successive
A(n) ___is evoked by a non-verbal stimulus and the response form is often called naming, labeling, or describing.
tact
Andrea smells bacon frying and says, "Yummy bacon!" Andrea's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
tact
John sees a package of meat in the refrigerator and says, "There's the beef!" John's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
tact
Which verbal operant is evoked by a non-verbal stimulus and allows the speaker to identify features of his/her environment?
tact
In relation to Code element 1.07: Exploitative Relationships, the RBT should do all the following EXCEPT:
take advantage of mutually beneficial financial opportunities with clients or caregivers
In the ___ condition of a functional analysis, the type of consequence that should occur following problem behavior is access to the preferred stimulus.
tangible
In this condition of an FA the therapist provides an item following an occurrence of problem behavior
tangible
Which common function of behavior is a type of socially mediated positive reinforcement in the form of access to preferred items or activities?
tangible
"Aggression: Hitting with closed fist, slapping, kicking, or throwing hard objects (this would not include a piece of paper, but would include a book) at another person." This would be an example of which component of a behavior reduction plan?
target behavior operational definitions
All the following are potential examples of multiple relationships EXCEPT:
telling a friend about behavior analysis
What is meant by the "function" of behavior?
the effect of behavior and the reason the behavior occurs in the future
When using ___, the RBT would present several simple requests with which the learner is very likely to comply, and THEN request that the learner comply with the target non-preferred request.
the high probability request sequence (high-p)
Brendan is working on an oil painting in his art studio. It is hard for him to see his painting so he turns on a light. The smell of the mineral spirits gives Brendan a headache. Which of the following is a part of Brendan's environment?
the mineral spirits
Prompt hierarchy typically used to ensure compliance with a request (4 words)
three step guided compliance
Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of applied behavior analysis (ABA)?
Assurable: Ensures that services are covered by insurance or other adequate financial resources
In relation to Code element 6.01: Affirming Principles, an RBT has a responsibility to:
Attend trainings, team meetings, and conferences
The "cold mother" myth in relation to ASD refers to:
Autism caused by a presumed lack of parental nurturing and love for an infant/toddler
Which is NOT an RBT requirement
Bachelors Degree
which of the following is an example of reinforcement
Bella put her toys away and her dad brings her a smoothie. Now Bella always puts her toys away
All of the following are true regarding the RBT's role when reporting suspected abuse EXCEPT:
Provide as little detail as possible regarding the victim of the abuse, to avoid violating confidentiality
Which of the following is NOT an RBT duty as part of the service delivery system?
Provide non-behavioral services for clients and caregivers as needed
The first step taught when using total task chaining is:
The first step within a task analysis which the learner cannot do
Greg earns tokens for correct oral responses to teacher questions during discrete trial training (DTT). Currently his behavior plan requires the teacher to provide tokens on an FR3 schedule. Which of the following describes an accurate implementation of this plan?
The teacher provides Greg with a token after every 3rd correct response to a question during training sessions
Which of the following is NOT a reason to conduct a functional assessment of problem behavior?
To assess the clients current level of function in direct skill domains
All of the following are features of effective communication EXCEPT:
Use slang terms that are generally appropriate
Antecedent interventions help to prevent problem behavior by:
Using abolishing operations (AOs) to decrease the value of whatever reinforcer maintains the problem behavior
Which of the following is true regarding vulnerable populations?
Vulnerable populations are often more susceptible to abuse
Sean will be 18 years old in a couple of months and wants to start his RBT training, Sean should:
Wait until he is 18 years old to begin the training
An RBT is required to directly and immediately report which of the following?
Witnessing physical abuse of a child
General types of antecedents include: X=Discriminative stimuli Y=Motivating operations Z=Precursors
X and Y
In relation to Code element 2.0: Behavior Analysts' Responsibility to Clients, an RBT on a clinical case has an ethical responsibility to: X = Individuals receiving services Y = Caregivers of individuals receiving services Z = The field of Applied Behavior Analysis
X and Y
Gwynn recently changed careers and is working as an RBT after working in middle management for several years. Her Bachelor's degree is in business and she wants to make some business cards to give clients so they have her contact information. Which title should Gwynn use on her business card?
all of them
Which of these does NOT need to be documented by the RBT?
all phone conversations between the RBT and the supervisor
Feedback from a supervisor to an RBT:
allows one to improve performance
After hearing Leslie say, "Where's the beef?", John says "I think it's in the freezer in the basement." John's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
intraverbal
After hearing Tucker say, "Please pass the bacon," Andrea says "No! This is my bacon." Andrea's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
intraverbal
Which verbal operant is evoked by other verbal stimuli and the response form is considered answering, explaining, discussing, or otherwise engaging in conversation?
intraverbal
All the following are reasons to modify tasks (reduce task demands) as an antecedent intervention to address problem behavior, EXCEPT:
it can increase learner motivation to "escape" the task demand
Jan is a young child receiving behavior-analytic services at school. Which of these people would be considered a stakeholder?
jans teacher
In relation to Code element 2.05 Rights and Prerogatives of Clients, an RBT must do all of the following EXCEPT:
record all details of all meetings conducted with a client
Which of the following is a general strategy for task modification?
reduce the effort required to do the task
What are the two essential program components of an intervention based on differential reinforcement?
reinforcement and extinction
When taking permanent product data we will observe the _____ of the behavior.
results
Which of the following is an example of behavior?
saying "im depressed"
___ are brief and objective, and are typically required by insurance companies and other funding agencies.
session notes
An important first step when using incidental teaching is often for the instructor to:
set up the environment so that some preferred items and activities are readily available
What is the antecedent in the attention condition of a functional analysis?
therapist is present in the room and appears busy
Schedule during which reinforcement is withheld following instances of the target behavior
extinction
The process by which a previously reinforced behavior is weakened by withholding reinforcement
extinction
According to Code element 1.07: Exploitative Relationships, which of the following is an acceptable rule for the RBT to follow in this ethical area?
Do not engage in any personal/romantic relationship with any family member of the client for at least two years after the case has been terminated
Whose ultimate responsibility is it for an RBT to stay up to date on his/her skills?
And RBT
Which of the following is NOT a reason that doctors are diagnosing an increasing number of children with autism?
Autism is a good catch-all diagnosis for any childhood behavior problem
Petra is supervising Karina, an RBT, following a teaching session. Petra tells Karina that she followed the prompting procedures well for most of the skills, but during the matching trials, she used a physical prompt when the learner's program clearly directs the trainer to use a gestural prompt. Karina silently nods, and quickly changes the subject. Did Karina respond appropriately to the feedback?
No, she did not take notes or ask follow-up questions
Session notes are
Objective notes that are typically required by funding agencies
Which of the following statements about the RBT's responsibility to clients is NOT TRUE?
The RBT's primary ethical obligation is to whoever is paying for services
Which of the following are true of extinction? Extinction may involve: X=Withholding a consequence following behavior (e.g., withholding attention) Y=Blocking the target response altogether Z=Not removing something non-preferred that is happening prior to the response (e.g., chores)
X and Z
Which of the following is/are common in children diagnosed with ASD? X = Loss/regression in early language skills Y = Rapid blinking, and speaking at a very low volume (whispers) Z = Often engaging in repetitive or obsessive/compulsive behaviors
X and Z only
Which of the following is/are considered appropriate locations for storing client records and data? X = In a locked file cabinet Y = On a desk, inside a locked house Z = In an encrypted computer file
X and Z only
As an RBT, you are responsible for: X = Statements you make personally and professionally Y = Some statements made by others about you or the ABA-based services you provide
X only
Which part of a skill acquisition plan describes how and what to record when observing behavior?
data collection
Type of direct assessment method during which the behavior is observed in the natural environment with no manipulation of environmental variables
descriptive assessment
being worthy of respect
dignity
Information about past performance to support future performance
feedback
To communicate professionally with a stakeholder, an RBT should do all the following EXCEPT:
gossip with clients and caregivers
Which of the following does NOT require an RBT to report directly to the BACB?
hearing a story about abuse
Emily is in her living room in the afternoon, sitting on her couch. The television is on and she is watching her favorite program. Her cat jumps on her lap and begins purring. Which of the following is a part of Emily's environment?
her couch
Simone drinks three cups of black coffee in the morning. She puts on her workout clothes and goes to a nearby park to meet with some friends. She spends two hours running, doing push-ups, pull-ups, and squats. All the following variables could influence her morning workout EXCEPT:
her intrinsic motivation
X-axis on an equal-interval line graph that typically represents the passage of time (2 words)
horizontal axis
All of the following are components of a discrete trial teaching trial EXCEPT
instructor selects target behavior based on student preference
Cleo sees a sign on the vending machine that says, "This machine is out of order"; this is an S∆ condition. What kind of effect is this sign likely to have on Cleo's behavior of inserting coins into the vending machine?
makes inserting coins less likely
Georgina hasn't had anything to drink all day; this is an EO for water and is likely to have what kind of effect on Georgina's behavior of seeking water?
makes water seeking more likely
Leslie is looking in the refrigerator and says, "Where's the beef?" John hands her a package of meat and says, "It's right here." Leslie's behavior is an example of which verbal operant?
mandA(n) ___is evoked by a non-verbal stimulus and the response form is often called naming, labeling, or describing.
Which of the following is considered acceptable after taking the BACB RBT exam?
none of these
A student is learning how to put on a jacket. The teacher taps the student's right arm to indicate that the right arm goes in the arm hole first and then the teacher taps on the left arm when it is time to put the left arm in the arm hole. Tapping the student's arms is which type of response prompt?
partial physical
Physically guiding the movements of a response, but with less "help" or physical contact than the full physical prompt (less invasive) (3 words)
partial physical prompt
Calculated by dividing the number of target responses by the total number of opportunities to respond and multiplying by 100 (2 words)
percent occurence
Major change to treatment or the environment represented by a solid vertical line on a graph (2 words)
phase change
A brief label, placed at the top of a chart to identify each separate major phase of treatment (3 words)
phase change label
What is the role of the RBT in relation to Code element 1.06: Multiple Relationships and Conflicts of Interest?
politely decline
Petra's client, Harry, is playing with building blocks. Petra asks Harry to hand her the blue block, which is mixed in with blocks of many different colors. She places a blue block closer to Harry to prompt the correct response. Petra used a _____ prompt.
position
All of the following are types of behavior plans EXCEPT:
positive punishment plan
If all these stimuli function as reinforcers, which of the following would be conditioned?
praise
The "positive" in positive punishment refers to the _____ of a stimulus of after a response.
presentation
When advocating for clients, the RBT must prioritize the interests of the:
primary client
Gretel observed Hansel for 3 hours and saw Hansel engage in the target behavior, "throwing bits of food on the ground", 24 times. Gretel reports these data as Hansel "throwing bits of food on the ground" 8 times per hour. What type of continuous measure did Gretel use?
rate
Which of the following is an example of behavior?
reading the title of a book
Which of the following sections of the behavior reduction plan lists and defines the behaviors targeted for increase?
replacement behaviors
If an RBT meets someone who says they are a certified behavior analyst, but who is not certified with the BACB, they should:
report the individual to their supervisor
When receiving feedback the RBT should:
request feedback and listen intently
a single instance of behavior
response
One response is taught and then other related responses also occur without further training (2 words)
response generalization
Hannah puts a grape in front of Dan and records when he reaches for it and eats it. After he finishes the grape, Hannah puts a pretzel in front of him, but this time Dan doesn't take the pretzel. After waiting a few seconds, Hannah removes the pretzel, records the (non) response, and then places a piece of popcorn in front of Dan. Which type of preference assessment is being described in this scenario?
single-item (approach method)
This type of reinforcement requires that another person provides the reinforcer, contingent on the target response.
socially mediated
What is the behavioral function being tested for in the demand condition?
socially mediated negative reinforcement in the form of task removal
Gestural (movement), position (proximity) and redundancy of antecedent stimuli are all _________ prompts.
stimulus
If we teach a learner to say "alligator" when we show them a picture of an alligator and later they say "alligator" when they see a real gator at the zoo without having been trained to do so, this is an example of ____________ generalization
stimulus
Statement by a consumer promoting the quality of a product or service
testimonial
A large sign in the therapy rooms reads, "Be sure to clean the room after sessions." After the session, a therapist reads the sign and begins straightening the room. The large sign is a ________ prompt
verbal prompt
States what response measure was used to measure the target response (3 words)
vertical axis label
Which of the following is NOT included in the steps to receiving feedback?
wait for supervisor to initiate feedback
Lina is taking data by recording a "+" if and only if the target behavior occurs throughout the entire interval. Which type of data is Lina taking?
whole interval recording
In ABA, "extinction" involves:
withholding of reinforcement after a response
In relation to Code element 4.10: Avoiding Harmful Reinforcers, the RBT must do all the following EXCEPT:
If your supervisor has selected potentially harmful reinforcers for your learner, refuse to use those items during your session
Number of sections in the Code
10
Identify the most likely behavioral term that applies, based on the described effect: Behavior is less likely in the future.
Punishment
Which of the following describes the RBT's role in relation to Code element 1.01: Reliance on Scientific Knowledge?
collect data
Method that enhances DTT by moving quickly from one trial to the next (3 words)
fast paced instruction
Which of these is a requirement for the RBT credential?
A criminal background check
An environmental event/condition that abolishes the value of a consequence (2 words)
Abolishing Operation (AO)
If all these stimuli function as reinforcers, which of the following would be unconditioned?
candy
Taking advantage of naturally occurring teaching opportunities that arise in the natural environment
capturing
Jezebel has reason to suspect that Julian, another RBT, has violated an ethical Code. The first thing Jezebel should do is:
Determine if there is potential of harm to the client
It is important to conduct a functional assessment of problem behavior to:
Determine the function of the target behavior and which treatment is likely to be effective
According to Code element 10.05, the RBT is responsible for all of the following, except:
Providing RBT training to others, but only after being credentialed by the BACB as an RBT
Objective language is
Based on facts
to suppress
abate
A stimulus prompt that accentuates features (such as the size, shape, or color) of a stimulus to promote the correct response (4 words)
redundancy of antecedent stimuli
Behavior reduction procedure that consists of withholding escape (2 words)
escape extinction
"The Code" provides ____ rules for BACB certified and registered individuals.
ethical
You are listening to the radio and hear the announcer say, "The first 3 callers will each win $1,000." Which effect is this likely to have on the behavior of calling the radio station?
evocative
Jeremy is using forward chaining to teach Ruby how to make macaroni and cheese (her favorite snack). The first step that Jeremy teaches Ruby to do independently is most likely to be which of the following?
filling a pot with water to boil
According to Code element 2.06 Maintaining Confidentiality, an RBT:
must keep all clients, notes and records secure
Which elements of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts apply to RBTs?
Any element with an "RBT" after its title
Our Professional and Ethical Compliance Code defines "client" as:
Any recipient or beneficiary of the professional services provided by a behavior analyst
According to Code element 1.04 the RBT has a responsibility to:
Encourage honest reporting by other RBTs
Number of elements in the ethics Code
72
ABA focuses on:
meaningful change
Behavior that can only be observed by the individual doing the behavior. AKA single observer behavior.
private
Which of the following is NOT a potential form of verbal behavior?
self-injury
A general term in ABA for something unpleasant or non-preferred
aversive
Why is it important to conduct preference assessments?
to find out what the client likes
Behavior change system that includes conditioned reinforcers that can be exchanged for backup reinforcers (2 words)
token economy
Tia has gotten the opportunity to help her supervisor give a talk to a support group for adults with autism and related disabilities on the topic of "time-management skills." Tia asks her supervisor if they can also talk to this group about the specific services offered by the agency for whom they both work. Which of the following response from her supervisor would be most correct?
"Our basic contact information may be placed on the initial slide, but otherwise, we cannot use this talk to solicit business in person."
Rega, an RBT, is hanging out with his mom and some of her friends. His mom is bragging about Rega and says "He's so great at his job! He helps kids with special needs learn to talk and play. The work he does pretty much cures their autism." Which of his mother's statements should Rega correct?
"The work he does pretty much cures their autism."
Kamal is Sabina's RBT. Kamal asks Sabina to work on a math worksheet. After 4 minutes Sabina begins to work on the first question. She works for 10 minutes, stops to go use the restroom for 3 minutes, returns to work and begins immediately, and completes her math worksheet in 15 more minutes. What was the latency of Sabina's "working on the math worksheet" behavior?
4 minutes
Leah asks Lucas to fold his clothes. Three minutes later he begins folding. He folds clothes for 30 minutes and gets through 12 pieces. Lucas asks for a break and doodles for 10 minutes. He then folds the other 12 pieces in 15 minutes. What was the total duration of Lucas' clothes folding behavior?
45 minutes
According to the CDC, currently 1 out of every _____ children born in the United States is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
68
On his day off, Michael watched TV from 9am until 2pm, when he turned off the TV and went to the store. Michael came back in at 3:15pm, immediately turned on the TV, and watched until 5:15pm. He did not watch any more TV that day. What was the total duration of Michael's TV watching that day?
7 hours
The Code states that it is generally understood that unless otherwise specified by law, records of behavior analysis services are retained for a period of at least ______ .
7 years
Which of the following would be an appropriate source for a treatment approach that an RBT might be asked to use by their supervisor?
A peer-reviewed journal article
Being truthful and honest, as described in Code element 1.04, includes which of the following?
Always reporting accurately when billing
Which is an example of an RBT with a potential multiple relationship?
An RBT invites his client's brother to go to the boxing gym after work
Which of the following must be reported to the BACB in a timely manner?
An alcohol dependence which could affect the ability to effectively practice
Tony is an RBT working with Jason, a three-year-old child. One day, while observing Jason in his home, Tony accidentally overhears Jason's father, Paulo, talking on the telephone. Tony hears Paulo say, "You know, we have a man named Tony, a BCBA, working with Jason, and he really seems to be helping a lot." Which of the following should Tony do?
Apologize for having overheard, but clarify to Paulo that he, Tony, is actually an RBT, not a BCBA
Which of the following is an example of maintenance?
Brita is taught to make change for various bills at work, and still accurately makes change at work months later without additional training
Which of the follow Is a subjective description
Brooke was sad today and didn't do well
What is the role of the RBT in relation to Behavioral Skills Training (BST)?
Collect data on stakeholder performance during the rehearsal step
Punishment is a(n) ____ that ____ probability of behavior.
Consequence; Decreases the future
Through establishing, promoting, and disseminating professional standards, the BACB's primary mission is to protect which of the following:
Consumers of behavior-analytic services
Behavior reduction procedure in which the functional reinforcer is delivered if the problem behavior does not occur for a specified time period
DRO
When an RBT discovers that an individual is claiming to possess a credential related to service delivery of behavior-analytic services that they do not in fact have (e.g., a credential as an RBT, BCBA, or State License to practice behavior analysis), the RBT must take one or more of the following actions, EXCEPT:
Do nothing; the credentialing body is responsible for uncovering violations
When implementing this procedure, the functional reinforcer must be withheld every time the behavior occurs
EXT
An environmental event/condition that establishes the value of a consequence (2 words)
Establishing Operation (EO)
Experimental assessment conducted in an analog setting that evaluates the controlling variable of problem behavior (2 words)
FA
A type of DRA where a communication response is taught to replace the problem behavior
FCT
Why is graphing and visual analysis of data important in behavior analysis
Graphs with accurate data allow us to solve problems more efficiently
In behavior analysis, visual analysis of graphed data is important because:
Graphs with accurate data provide useful tools to solve problems
When maintaining records the RBT should ensure that:
Hard copies of records are kept in a securely locked location
Which of the following is TRUE about the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts?
It is an enforceable document Code elements in the Professional and Ethical Compliance
An environmental event/condition that alters the value of some stimulus as a consequence (2 words)
Motivation Operations (MO)
Which of the following pieces of client information is not considered confidential and can therefore be shared freely with anyone?
None
Which of the following is an acceptable action to be taken by someone preparing to take the BACB RBT exam?
Participate in reliable exam prep courses that offer mock RBT exams
Which is the following should NOT be included in session notes
Personal opinions related to team members
A client's caregiver gives you a gift card to your favorite restaurant to show their appreciation for all your hard work. What would be the most appropriate course of action?
Politely decline the gift and explain to the client that it would be a violation of our ethics code to accept it
BACB credentialed individual whose role typically includes the delivery of services/treatment under the direction of a bachelor's or master's level supervisor
RBT
the more technical way to describe the 3-term (ABC) contingency is:
SRS
To communicate professionally with stakeholders, an RBT should:
Show respect for clients and caregivers
During incidental teaching if the learner initiates some response with an item or activity the therapist should:
Show them another way to interact with that item or activity
The BACB provides all the of the following EXCEPT:
Supervision towards becoming an RBT
Sean, an RBT, has spent his entire career working with children under the age of 5 on language acquisition. If Sean wants to work with older adults with autism, he should:
Talk to his supervisor about getting trained and supervised on working with older adults
You are driving and see a flashing sign that says "Caution, Work Zone. All speeding fines will be doubled." This will likely have which effect on speeding behavior?
abative
The results of a functional assessment indicate that Kevin's problem behavior is maintained by access to Jeanne's attention. How might Jeanne implement a noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) procedure to help address Kevin's problem behavior? Jeanne provides Kevin attention _________.
about every five minutes or so, independent of his behavior
Following an instance of problem behavior in the tangible condition of a functional analysis the therapist should provide:
access to the preferred stimulus
Code element 1.05: Professional and Scientific Relationships specifies that the RBT should:
always treat others as you would want to be treated
Behaviors that are problematic because they occur too much (2 words)
behavioral excess
An RBT should do all of the following during a behavioral emergency EXCEPT:
call 911 first
According to the Compliance Code, "any recipient or beneficiary of the professional services provided by a behavior analyst" would be defined as a ________.
client
As an RBT, your primary responsibility is to operate in the best interest of the _______.
client
When we watch and record all instances of a behavior, we are taking data using which type of measure?
continuous
Eric is an RBT assisting in a functional analysis by serving as the therapist in some sessions. Eric and his BCBA supervisor are running a functional analysis session on Emily's screeching behavior. During the session, Emily's favorite toys, activities, and foods are available. While Emily is playing, Eric provides her with frequent attention. When Emily screeches, Eric doesn't do anything differently. Which functional analysis condition is described in this scenario?
control/play
John is an RBT, assisting in a functional analysis session on Adam's hand-flapping behavior. In the current arrangement, Adam's favorite toys and edible items are available and the RBT interacts with Adam frequently. When Adam engages in hand-flapping, the RBT does not do anything differently (ignores the behavior). Which functional analysis condition is described in this scenario?
control/play
Corey is a teenager receiving behavior-analytic services at an agency. All these individuals are considered stakeholders EXCEPT:
corey's mailman
Holly's client Carol is capable of answering a range of questions about herself and her wants and needs. However, whenever they are in public, and a service person (e.g., a cashier, store clerk, etc.) asks Carol a question, Holly steps in and answers the question before Carol has a chance to respond. Holly's behavior shows a lack of respect for her client's _____.
dignity
Category of a functional assessment during which information is gathered about the target behavior by observing the behavior occur in real time (2 words)
direct assessment
A systematic preference assessment during which approach or duration-based measures are used to determine preferred items. Types include free operant, single item, paired choice and multiple stimulus (3 words)
direct preference assessment
Hilda is running late for school. She runs out of her room and is nearly to the door when she sees her mom pointing to her lunch box. Hilda says, "Thank you," grabs her lunch box, and makes it to the bus stop just in time. Which of the following is the prompt that evoked Hilda's behavior of taking the lunch box?
her mom pointing
Naturalistic teaching procedure that includes learner-initiated teaching trials, followed by naturally occurring reinforcement consequences (2 words)
incidental teaching
Fiona is teaching Sammy to put on a T-shirt. The steps for the task analysis are: 1. Pick up shirt by the bottom edge 2. Place head through head hole 3. Place right arm through right armhole 4. Place left arm through left armhole 5. Pull shirt down by the bottom edge The behavior plan indicates that this will be taught using backward chaining. Therefore Fiona will teach picking up the shirt by the bottom edge _____.
last
In backward chaining you start by training the learner to correctly complete the _____ step of the chain.
last
Behavior can be counted or times and is therefore:____
measurable
Cydney the RBT collects data on David's "motor stereotypy" (i.e., he rapidly rocks back and forth). Throughout the teaching session, a timer beeps every 60 seconds. When it does, Cydney stops to look at David, and records whether or not he is engaging in motor stereotypy right then. This is an example of:
momentary time sampling
MSWO stands for (4 words)
multiple stimulus without replacement
Tyrone engages in hand flapping. The RBT is asked to collect data on hand flapping using partial interval recording. Briefly describe when the RBT should record a "+" (occurrence).
only after the first time the behavior occurs during the interval
Objective language is NOT characterized by a focus on ________.
opinions and impressions
Which of these terms would not be appropriate to use when referring to a client?
organism
In the past when Zoe cried loudly, Don would give his phone to her so she could play with her favorite app. This seemed to work to calm her down, but Zoe's crying was slowly getting louder and more frequent. Starting last month, when Zoe cries, Don puts his phone away where she can't reach it. Since then, Zoe's crying has been decreasing in rate, duration, and volume. What procedure does Don appear to be using to reduce Zoe's crying?
tangible extinction
A behavior reduction plan includes:
target behaviors to be increased and decreased
A learner has mastered many steps in a task, but still has difficulty completing certain steps, which are spread intermittently throughout the task. The most appropriate chaining procedure to use to help the learner master the task is known as ________ chaining.
total task
Stimuli that function (act) as reinforcers (strengthen behavior) without prior learning (2 words)
unconditioned reinforcers
All the following are general strategies for task modification EXCEPT:
use escape extinction
According to Code element 1.05: Professional and Scientific Relationships, when providing services, the RBT should NOT:
use technical jargon
Sheldon is an RBT who has been asked to take data on Tyrone's task engagement in class using 30-second intervals. Sheldon marks a "+" whenever Tyrone works on classwork for the entire 30 second interval. However, Tyrone gets a "—" if he is not working at the beginning of the interval, or if he clearly stops working at any moment during the interval. What type of data is Sheldon collecting?
whole interval recording
Which of the following may occur if an RBT does not communicate important information to their supervisor?
the client stops learning new skills
Which of the following stakeholder questions would it be appropriate for an RBT to answer? A caregiver asks:
I hear behavior analysts talk about extinction. What does it mean?
Code elements in the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code that are relevant to the RBT can be found by:
Identifying those Code elements with a red text "RBT" next to the element title
What is the role of the RBT in relation to Code element 4.10: Avoiding Harmful Reinforcers?
If your supervisor has selected potentially harmful reinforcers for your learner, consult with your supervisor about finding other options
All of the following are goals of early intervention, EXCEPT:
they are all goals (language skills; decrease need for future services' training to caregivers)
Code element related to Compliance with BACB Supervision and Coursework Standards
10.05
Leah asks Lucas to fold his clothes. After 3 minutes, he begins folding. He folds clothes for 30 minutes and gets through 15 pieces. Lucas asks for a break and doodles for 10 minutes. He then begins folding again, and folds 10 pieces in 20 minutes. What was the latency of Lucas's "clothes folding" behavior?
3 minutes
When an RBT has a change of name or address, the BACB must be contacted within _____ days.
30
A type of prompt fading procedure in which a pause is added between the instruction and when the prompt is delivered (2 words)
time delay
Prompts help our learners do all the following EXCEPT:
Appropriately perform the prompted behavior with less fluency
If a family member that is not the primary caregiver requests information on a client and their progress the RBT should:
Ask their supervisor before sharing any confidential information
Which of the following are protected by Code element 10.03 Confidentiality and BACB Intellectual Property, and should not be shared with others?
BACB RBT exam questions
In relation to Code element 10.01 Truthful and accurate information provided to the BACB, RBTs should:
Check for accuracy before submitting any documents to the BACB
A functional assessment has determined that Roger bangs the school desk for attention about every 3 minutes on average. Now, after every two minutes that Roger has not banged the desk, the teacher engages with him with social interaction. If he bangs the desk, the teacher resets the timer, and will come back to give him social attention only after he has gone two full minutes without banging. This is an example of which differential reinforcement procedure?
DRO
A teaching procedure in which learning trials are presented in quick succession, with each trial having a clear beginning and end (3 words or 3 letters)
DTT
When participating in a Behavioral Skills Training (BST), the RBT would be responsible for doing all the following EXCEPT:
Designing a BST training for a stakeholder during the planning step
One year after Jason's initial RBT training, Jason realizes that he has not scheduled his required annual competency assessment with his supervisor. Jason emails his supervisor and asks him to check off the necessary observations on the annual competency assessment so that he may meet the deadline. This is:
Inappropriate: The supervisor must directly observe/evaluate each element before checking it off
Leona and Carly are both RBTs. While cleaning up after a session, Carly tells Leona that in the morning she saw a client's caregiver grab the client so roughly that visible marks were left. Carly also says that the client has been brought to session with other such marks in the past, and she's not sure what to do. What is Leona's responsibility?
Inform Carly that she is ethically obligated and required by the Code to report the event
According to Code element 10.01, Truthful and accurate information provided to the BACB, the RBT is responsible for all of the following, EXCEPT:
Listing their "group supervision" hours as "one-to-one supervision" to comply with BACB standards
Which of the following is an example of reinforcement?
Lola takes out the trash at her office and her friend at work smiles and says, "Thanks Lola!" Now Lola takes out the trash in her office every day.
Observer records a response as having occurred only if it occurs at the end of the interval (when the timer goes off) (3 words)
MTS
Dallas is a BCBA who owns an agency. Her daughter, Madison, works at the agency and is training to become an RBT. Heidi, the only other BCBA at the agency, directly supervises Madison. When Heidi resigns, Dallas is left in charge of supervising all the RBTs - and RBTs in training, including Madison. What should happen now?
Madison can seek supervision elsewhere from another BCBA, or must suspend her training until Dallas hires another BCBA.
MSW stands for (4 words)
Multiple stimulus with replacement
a consequence is:
a Stimulus that follows a response
to bring forth
evoke
Which of the following is a discontinuous measure?
momentary time sample
Living by clear rules and guidelines for conduct regarding our profession (2 words)
professional boundaries
Timothy lives in a group home for adults with intellectual disabilities. He goes to work every day and his boss tells the RBT he does well at his job. One night his roommate is sick and keeps him awake for a long time. The next day Timothy comes home and tells his RBT that his boss gave him a bad report that day. Which of the following should the RBT include in the session notes?
timothy did not get much sleep the night before
What is the primary role of the speaker in Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior?
to engage in a verbal response
It is important to conduct preference assessments for all the following reasons EXCEPT:
to find out what the client avoids
What are possible contributors to the increase in an autism diagnosis? X= Broader diagnosing criteria Y= Poor parenting Z= MMR vaccinations
x only
which of the following is a consequence for Akela's behavior?
Akels asks for a napkin and mom gives her one
Johnna observes Claire in her classroom. Each time Claire engages in problem behavior, Johnna notes what events occurred right before and right after the instance of problem behavior. Which type of data collection is Johnna utilizing?
ABC data collection
When you have had a full meal, the value of food is reduced. You are less likely to seek or eat food at that moment. Having eaten a full meal is best conceptualized as which of the following in relation to "eating more food" behavior?
AO
In relation to Code element 1.06: Multiple Relationships and Conflicts of Interest, the RBT should do all the following EXCEPT:
Accept gifts from clients as long as they worth less than $100
Ed is an RBT and has been tracking Jay's hitting other clients in the group home. After 30 days, the behavior program seems to be going very well: Jay's average daily rate of hitting has decreased by 50%. However, one day Jay's hitting dramatically increases (due to a major fight in the home) then significantly decreases again the following day. Which of the following would be an appropriate course of action for Ed to take?
Contact his supervisor to discuss the incident and the spike in Jay's hitting
Due to a past history of reinforcement in its presence, it "signals" the availability of reinforcement for a specific response (2 words)
Discriminative Stimulus (SD)
Which of the following is a proper way for an RBT to communicate with ones supervisor regarding data
Discuss data issues face to face typically in private
What is the role of the RBT in training stakeholders?
collect data on stakeholders performance
