forensic investigation quiz study guides

What is the number of left index finger in modified Henry system fingerprint classification?

7

if the angle of impact is ----, the resulting bloodstain generally will be circular in shape

90 degrees

The book of the Austrian forensic scientist ...."Criminal Investigation", written in 1893 is considered the first textbook in forensic science and he started a journal named "Kriminilogie" which is still published.

Gross

Which of the below is correct? a. We should use the term "probability" instead of "identification" when presenting fingerprints evidence b. We should use the term "identification" instead of "probability" when presenting fingerprints evidence c. We shoold use neither the term "probability" nor "identification" when presenting fingerprints evidence d. None of the above

a

Which of the below is correct? a. Written and photographic documentation records the condition of the scene as first observed. b. Written and photographic documentation is supposed to be done by forensic scientists at the lab. c. Written and photographic documentation should be done after evidence collection. d. All of the above

a

in general, which of the below are the longest lasting parts of the body aft6er death

bones and teeth

Which of the below is NOT a result of conducting a scene walk-through? a. It provides the investigator(s) in charge with an overview of the entire scene b. It provides the first opportunity to identify valuable and/or fragile evidence c. It provides the investigator (s) to collect and pack the fragile evidence d. It provides the investigator(s) to determine initial investigative procedures

c

We may use the evidence to prove the innocence by .......... evidence

exculpatory

According to the principles of ethics in forensic science, forensic scientists must.........

follow laws. follow code of ethics. follow rule of evidence

the application of science to the law or criminal justice system is the definition of

forensic scientist

----- is among the most common types of private sector investigations

forensic toxicology, DNA, and litigation disputes

which of the following is one of the types of samples gathered after death to be analyzed by forensic toxicologists

gastric contents, vitreous humor, and bile and liver

most of the earliest forensic scientists were European and ------ (meaning that they worked in several forensic disciplines)

generalists

a death needs to be considered a(n) ---- in order to be a subject to an autopsy

questionable death, equivocal death, questioned death

The goal of crime scene investigation is the reconstruction of the crime scene (learning the true crimescene story), while the objective(s) is/are ................ evidence.

recognize preserve collect

What is the percentage of having "error rate of zero" in forensic investigation?

0%

According to forensic guidelines, what is the minimum number of minutiae (characteristics of fingerprints) matches required to consider two fingerprints to be from the same finger?

12

.. is what ASCLD stands for.

American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors

......... is what ASCLD stands for.

American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors

........... step of ACE-V includes preliminary assessment such as the quality and orientation of the unknown latent print to determine whether it is suitable for comparison or not.

Analysis

What does AFIS stand for?

Automated Fingerprint Identification System

... is a French forensic scientist and he worked on fingerprints, firearms, and hair analysis

Balthazard

...... is an English forensic scientist who created the first classification system of fingerprints, and his book named "Finger Prints", which written in 1892, is still considered primary reference in the field. He is also well-known by the ratio of 1/64.000.000 (the probability of two people having exactly same fingerprints)

Balthazard

....... is a French forensic scientist and he worked on fingerprints, firearms, and hair analysis

Balthazard

The French forensic scientist he didn't use left hand fingerprint... worked on body measurement, including write hand fingerprint, but

Bertillon

the French forensic scientist ---- worked on body measurements, including right-hand fingerprint, but he did not use left-hand fingerprints

Bertillon

........ is one of the things you should do to be a successful forensic investigator

Besides getting certified and accredited, learning continuously Developing and maintaining contact with digital, network, and investigative professionals Joining both public and private computer training and discussion user groups

what does BPA stand for

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

the ---- book printed in 1247 is considered the oldest forensic science related document

Chinese

......... step of ACE-V involves examination of the found and the known print and potential sources in terms of class characteristics (such as loop, whorl, arch, and location & appearance of minutiae).

Comparison

What are the principles of ethics in forensic science?

Forensic Investigators are expected work according to their code of ethics (written & unwritten) Proper, acceptable, and honest behaviors and results expected Behaviors and results should never be affected by "Prosecutorial Bias"

........ is an English forensic scientist who created the first classification system of fingerprints,and his book named "Finger Prints", which written in 1892, is still considered primary reference inthe field.

Galton

----- the American forensic scientist was interested in forensic firearm examination and fire arm examiners still use "comparison scope" using methods pioneered by him

Goddard

......., the American forensic scientist, was interested in forensic firearm examination, and firearm examiners still use "comparison scope" using methods pioneered by him.

Goddard

If an evidence can NOT be considered admissible, there may be

Hearsay unexpert testimony misleading

what is the ISO standard for testing and calibrating Laboratories in general

ISO 17025

what is the ISO standard for forensic science

ISO 21043

What does IAFIS stand for?

Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System

ISO stands for

International Organization for Standardization

----- exchange principle (every contact leaves a trace) means: every contact between a person and another person and a person and a place results in the transfer of materials between them

Locard

The French forensic scientist...... worked on microscopic and trace evidence and he established a forensic laboratory in Lyon, France

Locard

Who is responsible for monitoring the log, ensuring that the log is filled out thoroughly, andanyone entering the scene has a stated purpose there?

Log officer

in 1836, a Scottish chemist, James ----, published one of the first reliable tests for arsenic in tissues. The ---- test relied on simple chemistry but represented a huge breakthrough

Marsh

what does MDI stand for

Medicolegal Death Investigator

The Spanish forensic scientist ... worked on forensic chemistry and forensic toxicology. His testimony in an arsenic poisoning case in 1839 was one of the earliest examples of sound scientific testimony by a recognized scientific expert in a court of law

Orfila

What is the first responsibility of first responding officer to the crime scene?

Securing and Preserving the crime scene

What does "V" in "ACE-V", the scientific methodology used to classify fingerprint patterns, stand for?

Verification

What is the biggest challenge for crime scene investigators? a) To determine what is reliable evidence in the crime scene b) To reach to the crime scene as soon as possible c) To spend to much time in the crime scene d) All of the above

a) To determine what is reliable evidence in the crime scene

Which of the below is correct? a) Written and photographic documentation records the condition of the scene as firstobserved. b) Written and photographic documentation is supposed to be done by forensic scientists at thelab. c) Written and photographic documentation should be done after evidence collection. d) All of the above

a) Written and photographic documentation records the condition of the scene as firstobserved.

after a set of skeletal remains is determines human, which of the following can also be determined by forensic anthropologists

age, gender, population or ancestry

When conducting a scene walk-through, we should ............. . a) Prepare preliminary documentation (e.g., notes, rough sketches) of the scene as observed b) Identify and protect fragile and/or perishable evidence (e.g., consider climatic conditions,crowds/hostile environment) c) Ensure that all evidence that may be compromised is immediately documented, photographed,and collected d) All of the above

all

Which of the below is a part of "rule of evidence"? a) relevant b) admissible c) reliable d) all

all

Which of the below is a result of conducting a scene walk-through? a) It provides the investigator(s) in charge with an overview of the entire scene b) It provides the first opportunity to identify valuable and/or fragile evidence c) It provides the investigator(s) to determine initial investigative procedures

all are correct

Which of the below is an outcome of a good conducted scene assessment? a) Development of a plan for the coordinated identification b. Planning for the collection, and preservation of physical evidence C . Setting a plan for the identification of witnesses a. All of the above

all of the above

Which of the below is correct about IAFIS? a. FBI made the criminal database of known fingerprint cards available to other law enforcement agencies b. IAFIS is based on the national criminal database maintained by the FBI of all the 10-print cards received from all over the country that examiners can search unknown latent impressions c. IAFIS has been very successful in developing leads and sometimes solving cold cases so far. All of the above

all of the above

Which of the below is correct about trustworthiness of fingerprints? a Fingerprint collected from crime scenes may only show a portion of a fingerprint. b. Quality of the fingerprints collected from crime scenes may be poor. c. Human beings dealing with fingerprint job are open to errors and mistakes. d. All of the above

all of the above

One of the objectives of crime scene investigation is NOT the ........ the evidence.

analyze

---- (prior to death), ------ (at or around time of death), ----- (after death)

antemortem, perimortem, postmortem

Log information of the crime scene should include .....

arrival date &time who entered CS departure date &time

---- death is caused by interference with the oxygenation of the brain and it overlaps the other causes of death

asphyxia

Which of the below is NOT one of the questions we need to answer during the "evaluation" step of ACE-V, the scientific methodology frequently used to classify fingerprint patterns? a. Are there any conformities (meaningful matches) between the found and the known print? b. Is the quality and of the unknown latent print suitable for comparison? c. Is there a sufficient number of minutiae to identify the unique correlation? d. All of the above

b

which of the following is not a latent prints development

biological

Which of the below is one of the principal applications of AFIS? a. Searching large files for the presence of a 10-print set of prints (taken from a person). b. Searching large files for single prints, usually developed latent fingerprints from crime scenes. c. Both a and b are correct. d. None of the above is correct.

c

What is the only thing consistent about a crime scene? a) Location of the crime scene b) Number of the crime scene investigators c) Principles of the crime scene d) All of the above

c) Principles of the crime scene

which of the below is sufficient enough to decide death

cessation of brain

First arriving officer to the crime scene should NOT.. a. ensure that there is no immediate threat to other responders; scan area for sights, sounds, and smells that may present danger to personnel (e.g., hazardous materials such as gasoline etc.) b. contact the appropriate personnel & agency prior to entering the scene if the situation involves a hidden drug laboratory, biological weapons, or radiological & chemical threats. c. approach the scene in a manner designed to reduce risk of harm to officers) while maximizing the safety of victims, witnesses, and others in the area. collect the evidence after properly documenting and photographing the crime scene

collect the evidence after properly documenting and photographing the crime scene

Crime Scene Reconstruction technology is based on LiDAR (light detection and ranging), and the equipment includes a laser, a scanner, and a GPS device that can record location a) laser b) scanner c) GPS device d) all

d

Recovering a good quality fingerprint impression at a crime scene as a physical evidence and searching it through AFIS does NOT mean that the person can easily be identified by database searches. Which of the below is NOT one of the reasons for this fact? a. There is no one single database in which all fingerprints exist. b. Latent fingerprints collected at crime scenes often only show a portion of a fingerprint, and the quality of that print may be poor. c. Database does not include everyone's fingerprints. If a suspect has not been fingerprinted, her/his prints are not in any database and thus would never be evaluated as part of any search. d. All of the above are among the reasons of the fact mentioned.

d

Which of the below is NOT a date and time indicator through initial walkthrough? a. dates on milk cartons b. items that should have been hot or cold, but are at room temperature c. newspapers d. condition of housekeeping

d

Which of the below is a correct for the sketching the crime scene? a. One critical aspect of sketching is obtaining and recording accurate measurements. b. One critical reason for doing a sketch is to locate objects in space. c. There are two basic types: (1) preliminary or rough sketch and (2) final sketch with measurements. d. All of the above are correct.

d

dIf an evidence can NOT be considered reliable, there may be a. witness's history of lying to the police. b. threatened or reward offered to the witness. c. close relationship between the witness and the accused. d. All of the above.

d

Which of the below is NOT an outcome of a good conducted scene assessment? a) Development of a plan for the coordinated identification b) Planning for the collection, and preservation of physical evidence c) Setting a plan for the identification of witnesses d) Securing and preserving the crime scene

d) Securing and preserving the crime scene

Which of the below is NOT a date and time indicator through initial walkthrough? a) dates on milk cartons b) items that should have been hot or cold, but are at room temperature c) newspapers d) condition of housekeeping

d) condition of housekeeping

First arriving officer to the crime scene shou

ensure that there is no immediate threat to other responders; scan area for sights, sounds, andsmells that may present danger to personnel (e.g., hazardous materials such as gasoline etc.) contact the appropriate personnel & agency prior to entering the scene if the situation involves ahidden drug laboratory, biological weapons, or radiological & chemical threats approach the scene in a manner designed to reduce risk of harm to officer(s) while maximizing thesafety of victims, witnesses, and others in the area

In case of proving of disproving something important in the trial, the evidence can be considered

having a probative value

which of the below has an affect on the shape of the bloodstain pattern

height, physical nature of the surface, volume of the drop

First responding officer to the crime scene should NOT. a. make initial observations (look, listen, smell) to assess the scene and ensure officer safety before proceeding b. help the victim(s) who need urgent help c. remain alert and attentive. Assume the crime is ongoing unless proven otherwise d. treat the location as a crime scene unless proven otherwise

help the victim(s) who need urgent help

exposure to water temperature bear 0 degrees C (32 degrees F) will result in death from ----- in a few minutes

hypothermia

When conducting a scene walk-through, we should .....

identify valuable and/or fragile evidence avoid contaminating the scene by using the established path of entry consider whether personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used

We may use the evidence to prove the guilty by .......... evidence

inculpatory

what is rigor mortis

its the stiffening of the muscles that occurs following death

First responding officer to the crime scene shoud

make initial observations (look, listen, smell) to assess the scene and ensure officer safetybefore proceeding remain alert and attentive. Assume the crime is ongoing unless proven otherwise treat the location as a crime scene unless proven otherwise

First arriving officer to the crime scene should

note or log dispatch information (e.g., address/location, time, date, and type of call, etc.) be aware of any person(s) or vehicle(s) leaving the crime scene approach the scene cautiously, scan the entire area and note any possible secondary crime scenes

bone damage w/ no signs of healing, which apparently occurred when the bone was still fresh (and for which a telphonomic cause of death can be ruled out) is described as ----

perimortem trauma

the fourth amendment of the US constitution protects everyone rights to be secure in their ----- from search and seizure

person, residence, and property

testimonial evidence may have problems related to

physical capabilities, credibility, environmental effects

The goal of crime scene investigation is the.. of the crime scene (learning the true crime scene story).

reconstruction

If there is a logical connection between the evidence and the fact (evidence is regarding the fact) the evidence can be considered

relevant

According to the rules of evidence, evidence should be

relevant admissible reliable

physical evidence should be

relevant, well preserved, and free from interference

We can define the crime scene according to ..

size type condition

Once the report is generated and the case is settled evidence may be ...

stored returned disposed

blood, whether a single drop or large volume, is held together by ----, which is defined as the force that pulls the surface molecules of a liquid toward its interior, decreasing the surface area and causing the liquid to resist penetration

surface tension

what is cause of death

the cause of death is the disease or injury that started the lethal chain of events that led to death

Which of the below is correct? a) Written and photographic documentation records the condition of the scene as first observed b) Written and photographic documentation provides a permanent record c) Written and photographic documentation freezes the time

they are all correct

If an identification is made between tow fingerprints, the conclusion must be ............ by peer review of another qualified fingerprint examiner. This ensures the proper application of the objective scientific method and confirms the results of the first examiner.

verified

excessive ----- intake can cause a condition called hyponatremia which dilutes the blood to the point that the concentration of sodium (Na) drops below safe levels and can lead to coma and death

water

If an evidence can NOT be considered reliable, there may be

witness's history of lying to the police threatened or reward offered to the witness close relationship between the witness and the accused

the ----- refers to substances that are foreign to the body. Arsenic is a ---- bc it does not occur naturally in our system.

xenobiotic