french revolution

According to the historian, Robespierre said, "You have to kill the king so the revolution can live." What does this sentence mean? What does this reveal about the extent French revolutionaries were willing to go to achieve their goals?

In order for the revolution to happen, the King needs to die. The King may still be able to convince his followers to help him, so he must die. It will symbolize the end of the absolute monarchy

How might the Tennis Court Oath have moved France closer to a revolution?

King's power was weakened and he was forced to recognize the National Assembly

How did King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette respond to these changes? Why?

Louis XVI and Maire Antionette responded to these changes by attempting to flee in disguises

Which Enlightenment philosopher most influenced this document? What is his idea called?

Montesquieu and his idea was called checks and balances and separation of powers

Who overthrew the Directory?

Napoleon Bonaparte

Why did Napoleon declare himself emperor of France in 1804?

Napoleon declared himself emperor of France in response to the assasination plot against him by the Bourbons Going against him would be a sin and he doesn't want any threats to his power.

What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe?

Social Contract, direct democracy

4. When the National Assembly creates a law, who has the power to approve it?

The King has the power to approve it.

What was their goal?

The goal was to create a new national constitution and make the King recognize the National Assembly

What was happening in France in the late 1700s that made Napoleon Bonaparte's coup successful?

There was so much chaos and discord during the late 1700s that because Napoleon was such an accomplished and loved military leader, he could overthrow the government

did these changes support the ideals of the French Revolution or betray them? Explain.

These changes betrayed the ideas of the revolution because it goes against what was originally being fought for

Why did the women (and men) march from Paris to Versailles?

They became angry because the people were starving, and the King was having a party. Once they left the palace, the mob brought all the flour with him. Louis mocked the revolution by throwing the flag on the ground and stepping on it.

Why were European monarchs concerned in 1792?

They were concerned that the revolutionists would inspire other countries to rebel against the monarchy

what were King Louis XVI and his family forced to do as a result of the march?

They were forced to move to Paris so they would not be murdered by the crowd and the royal family could be manipulated by those there

Why did the Committee of Public Safety form?

To defend France against internal and external enemies. Want to eliminate any opposition people may have about the revolution

What was the purpose of the Reign of Terror?

To kill anyone who opposed the revolution. To make sure no one will go against them and rid the country of the absolute monarchy, while becoming a tyrant and doing the same thing the monarchs did

what was the estates general?

a general meeting where representatives from the French estates (the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners) gathered

what was the reign of terror?

a period from 1793 until 1794 when the Committee of Public Safety suspended rights leading to wide-scale repression. During this time, those suspected of being an enemy were executed by guillotine

what did the revolutionaries want?

ability to voice their opinions and actually have people listen to them they wanted to be equal to the other estates and have more representation different type of government that is not an absolute monarchy they wanted to have lower taxes where people could afford to pay them

What were the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?

address the conflict and instability in Europe create a peace plan that would create long-term stability for Europe

what did the Constitution of 1795 say?

attempted to separate powers and limit the power of any one man

what did the constitution of 1791 do?

established a limited monarchy

What did Voltaire believe?

freedom of speech

How might the Estates General have moved France closer to a revolution?

many problems were not addressed since the last meeting was in 1614 third estate had more people but the same number of representatives with less power than the other two

what did Olympe de Gouges' The Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen say?

men and women are entitled to equal rights

what problems was France facing in the late 1700s?

the monarchy was in need of money, so taxes were raised. The commoners who could not afford to pay the newly heavied taxes became infuriated, rioting and eventually storming the palace.

what does Robespierre realize?

the people need a leader so he steps up

Which event marked the end of the old monarchy?

the storming of Bastille fortress by the revolutionists on July 14, 1789

How might the National Assembly have moved France closer to a revolution?

the third estate (97% of the population) breaks away from France

which groups suffered the most during the Reign of Terror?

the upper estates suffered the most due to their smaller population

in what ways was this new monarchy not responsive to the goals of the French Revolution?

there was still a monarchy

Why did the third estate form the National Assembly?

they did not want to be overruled and they wanted to have more of a say

what changes did robespierre make?

wanted to hold meetings every week in order to be updated and be sure the committee is staying on track took away the freedoms of the press, so nothing can be said against him natural rights are taken away anyone convicted of a major crime such as treason is sentenced ti death

How did Louis XVIII's form of government differ from the previous monarchy?

was a constitutional monarchy, where the King's power is limited

why was he defeated?

was not prepared for the coldness at the battle of waterloo in russia

what was the directory like?

weak

how many people were killed in the september massacre?

1,600

what was created after the execution of robespierre?

Constitution of 1795

What did the Constitution of 1791 accomplish for the French revolutionaries?

Created a new monarchy with a limited monarchy instead of an absolute monarchy

what did he appoint himself?

France's "first consul" through the Constitution of 1799 which gave Bonaparte complete power

5. According to the Constitution of 1791, what role does the King have in the government?

The King's role in the government is the executive power to enforce and approve laws

Why did the revolutionary French government declare war on European monarchs?

They declared war so they would not have to wait and could attack first

what was the french revolution?

a rebellion of French people against their king in 1789

what was the constitution called?

charter of 1814

what nation was critical of the massacre?

england, calling the french hypocritical

what was it inspired by?

enlightenment ideas

what did the directory do?

functioned as the head of the government

what happened after napoleon was defeated again?

he was exiled

On January 28, 1793, what is decided about King Louis XVI?

he will be executed for treason

What problems did the National Convention face?

how to deal with suspected traitors

what did the decree abolishing the feudal system do?

inform the king and the people of france that the third estate will no longer abide by their unfair laws

Why was the Storming of the Bastille a turning point in French history?

it was when the people defied the king and won

why was the bastille stormed?

it was where the gunpowder was stored, aaaaaaaaaaa and it was a symbol of royal power this showed that they would not be able to get rid of the National Assembly

Who was Maximilien Robespierre?

lead the reign of terror

what was france like under napoleon?

limited freedom of speech instability due to wars

who was the first ruler of the restored monarchy?

louis xviii

why was the estates general called into session?

midst of the social, political, and economic issues to discuss the problems that France faced

what did john locke believe in?

natural rights

what type of revolution was it?

political

What caused the Napoleonic Wars?

problems left from the revolution, such as the monarchs fears of being overthrown. The revolutionists feared they would try and help Louis XVI so they acted, and the wars have been going on since

what is his first act as the new leader?

put the king on trial

what were the outcomes of the Congress of Vienna?

restoration of old boundaries of Europe the larger powers would resize in order to balance powers.

Why was monarchy restored in France in 1815?

safest and easiest choice to make

What did Baron de Montesquieu believe?

separation of powers

what did the people begin to question?

social hierarchy

what did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen say?

state the natural rights of the people

how might these wars which lasted over a decade impact Europe?

taxes increased and the third estate had to pay so much tax. Not cheap and not free

what was created through it?

the directory

How did this problem impact how revolutionary leaders began to treat suspected traitors within France?

the leaders would disagree on how to deal with them

What was the tennis court oath?

the meeting of the national assembly at a tennis court

In what ways was this new monarchy responsive to the complaints of those who supported the French Revolution?

the monarch's power became limited by the constitution