FSE-215 Mid Term Study Guide (FSE)

The sealing method usually utilized by burial vaults manufactured of solid copper.

Air seal

Not usually found in concrete.

Air seal burial vault

A wooden tray with a cardboard covering.

Air tray

Made of cardboard, pressed-wood, composition material or pouches of canvas or 'other material'.

Alternative Container

A receptical that is "in the shape of man" would most likely be: - Wide and the shoulders and more narrow at the head and at the foot. (Anthropomorphic)

Anthropomorphic receptacle

"Anthropomorphic" would be a term that best describes a: - Coffin.

Anthropomorphic term

Which of these hardware types serves as a bridge between the bar and the lug? - The arm.

Bridge hardware

a twilled, napped, woolen or worsted fabric with a smooth, lusterous face and dense texture; a fabric usually made of cotton, silk, or rayon woven in a plain or rib weave with a soft semi-gloss finish.

Broadcloth

How does one create the casket metal known as bronze? - By combining copper, tin, and zinc.

Bronze casket metal

Most burial recepticals sold by funeral homes in the US today are: - Caskets.

Burial receptacles in US

All burial vaults are considered outer burial containers.

Burial vaults

Which of these types more closely resembles cardboard in its composition? - Fiberboard.

Cardboard-like composition

The main difference between a casket bed and a casket mattress is that - mattress is removable (1 piece) - bed is not.

Casket bed vs mattress

The "body" of the casket refers to - The bottom of the casket.

Casket body

Grouping of any of the above mentioned interiors together in one casket.

Casket interior styles - Combination interiors

A form created by placing the lining material on a metal form, adding weights, steaming the material and then attaching it to a suitable upholstery material.

Casket interior styles - Crushed

A combination of a tailored interior with one or more other styles of interior for effect.

Casket interior styles - Semi-Tailored

A style in which the material is drawn or gathered in parallel fashion in a particular sewing process.

Casket interior styles - Shirred

A tightly drawn form of casket interior.

Casket interior styles - Tailored

A style created by placing a padding material between a lining material and backing material, with subsequent stitches taken, forming small raised puffs.

Casket interior styles - Tufted

Can be increased in increments of three inches or six inches.

Casket length increments

You observe that your deceased mother-in-law's casket has the words "16 gauge" written on the base molding of the foot end of the casket. You immediately draw the conclusion that her casket is made from what material?

Casket material

This casket opening style allows for a single or double style: - Hinged cap.

Casket opening style

Vary according to inside measurements of length and width, usually increasing in 3" and 2" increments.

Casket sizes and dimensions

The term 'casket' comes from the root word: - Casse.

Casket term origin

Which of these caskets cannot be brushed? - Solid Mahogany.

Casket that cannot be brushed

A casket is rectangular-shaped and more aesthetically pleasing, while a coffin is anthropoidal in shape and bulkier.

Casket vs. coffin

consists of molten metal that has been poured into a mold, cooled and removed.

Cast hardware

A material that is not a typical primary burial vault material.

Cement

Such as epoxy and other cements used for closure.

Chemical compounds

Increase in length by six inches.

Children's caskets length increments

The 'priest' or 'clergy' casket is a variation of what opening style? - Perfection FULL couch.

Clergy casket opening style

What is so special about a 'priest' or 'clergy' casket? - The top is removed from the casket; allowing viewing on both sides.

Clergy casket special feature

Cloth-covered caskets can be classified as smooth or _____________. - Embossed.

Cloth-covered caskets classification

A coffin ______ the same article as a casket. - Is not

Coffin vs Casket

Satisfies air shipping regulations and consists of a particle board box with a cardboard tray.

Combination case (Combo pack)

Which of these types of copper is the most common used in casket construction today? - Wrought copper.

Common copper in casket construction

The material used to make a sectional box.

Concrete

If a wood comes from a coniferous tree, that tree- Is cone-bearing

Coniferous tree

In which of these methods of producing a copper casket is the molds of a casket submerged in a copper ionic solution; thereby allowing the creation of a casket within the molds of the casket? Later, the mold is broken away, leaving the casket for finishing.

Copper casket production method

How does one make a casket material known as copper? - You can't- it's a natural element.

Copper material

a soft, white, wool-like fiber enclosing the seeds of the cotton plant; the delicate seed hairs consist of a single long cell, with a thick cellulose cell wall.

Cotton

a thin crinkled material of silk, rayon, cotton or wool containing a simulated leather-like design.

Crepe

"A thin, crinkled cloth containing rayon", best describes: - Crepe.

Crinkled cloth description

Caused by the growth of fungi in the wood tissue, usually associated with moisture.

Decay of wood

What is the term that describes the wood that is derived from a leaf-bearing tree? - Deciduous

Deciduous

This part of the hardware grouping may be found on a casket for decoration, or to add structural integrity, or not be found on a casket at all.

Decorative hardware

Particle board is made from wood chips & shavings glued & pressed; plywood is thin layers of wood glued & pressed together; fiberboard is wood & other plant fibers pressed into sheets; pressed board is smooth pasteboard or heavy paper used in a press.

Differences between wood products

When the funeral director stays in the selection room with the family at all times.

Direct counseling

A heavy durable fabric with a short thick velvety nap on one side; a woven cloth with a suede-like appearance with a nap less than 1/18th of an inch.

Doeskin

a heavy durable cotton fabric with a short (1/8th inch or less), thick, velvety nap on one side; woven cloth with a suede-like appearance.

Doeskin or moleskin

Usually produced in plastic.

Double seal burial vaults

Has a separate inner sealer within a larger casket.

Double walled glass sealer

Determined by whether it will be placed in a vault or mausoleum.

Durability of wood caskets

Which of these would be the most durable and longlasting ferrous casket? - Stainless steel.

Durable ferrous casket

A casket display method that groups 3-4 caskets together.

Educational grouping

What does "embossed" mean when speaking of cloth-covered caskets? - Designs that are raised above the cloth's surface.

Embossed cloth meaning

Locked or secured from the foot end of a casket using a key or crank.

End lock casket

Prevents the entrance of water into the vault using a rubber gasket between the container and the end.

End seal burial vault

Thin wood veneer adhered to a thick, inexpensive plywood; vinyl - man-made or artificial laminate.

Examples of laminate caskets

a very fine shaving of wood. Makes the wood into little curly-Q's.

Excelsior (wood wool)

"Extreme oxidation" would be an applicable term for which one of these casket metals: - Iron

Extreme oxidation

What common element or material is shared among all ferrous caskets? - Iron

Ferrous caskets

a stiff pasteboard; compilation of rough paper and paste.

Fiberboard (cardboard)

Burns cooler and is high in blues.

Fluorescent lighting

Coating steel with zinc would constitute this process.

Galvanizing

Used to describe almost all caskets with a gasket, resists the entry of unwanted gravesite substances.

Gasketed casket

Which of these are you NOT likely to find in a gasketed format? - Single hinged cap.

Gasketed format

Some casket companies supply a metal inner liner that fits inside of a standard wood shell.

Gasketing a hardwood casket

Made of rubber and located along the top body molding flange of the casket shell.

Gaskets

While looking at a hardwood casket at a visitation, you notice that the lines of the grain pattern are not close together. You correctly deduct that the not-so-close grain pattern makes this casket wood a/an _____.

Grain pattern in hardwood

Not considered a burial vault.

Grave liner

Which of these hardware parts actually connects the hardware to the side of the casket?

Hardware connection

Which of these is not a hardwood? (oak, maple, mahogany, poplar, walnut, pecan, birch & cherry)

Hardwood

Cannot be hermetically sealed because wood is porous and would burn during fusion.

Hardwood casket sealing

Generally speaking, hardwoods are ______ resistant than softwoods. - More

Hardwoods vs Softwoods

Hardwoods are heavier, more expensive and close-grained resistant wood; softwoods are lighter and more easily cut.

Hardwoods vs. softwoods

Sealed by heat, welding, or fusion; completely airtight.

Hermetically sealed

In the regular half couch casket, what part of the casket is hinged so that it may fold down for viewing?

Hinged part of casket

Incandescent lighting.

Illumination caused by a heated filament

Burns hotter and is high in yellows.

Incandescent lighting

Available in virtually every material, gauge, style, and closing method as adult caskets.

Infant/child caskets

Which of these interior styles appears to have small "puffs" in the cloth, and may or may not have a button or stitch in the "puff"?

Interior style with puffs

The total amount of goods offered by the funeral home for resale to the public. This can include caskets, urns, vaults, head panels, corners, clothing, bookmarkers, and prayer cards.

Inventory

What type of laminate has layers of wood glued together so that each layer has grains at a right angle to the layer above or below it?

Laminate type

A simple latch securing the cap to the body of the casket.

Latch closure

Each lid in a perfection half couch casket has a lever that can be moved from left to right to secure each lid.

Lever lock casket

Lignin is primarily seen to- Helps hold the material (wood cells) together like glue.

Lignin

made from flax, this material is noted for its strength, coolness and luster (unfortunately it wrinkles very badly, too).

Linen

a fabric woven to look like linen.

Linen weave

Expensive due to scarcity & location where they grow.

Mahogany and walnut

This material is actually pressed paper in a sheet form.

Masselin

a finish used on casket exteriors that is free of gloss; dull, and lusterless; no shine or gloss.

Matte or flat finish

The sum of a group of figures divided by the number of units.

Mean

The middle number when numbers are arranged in increasing values.

Median

A gasket-sealed container that can be inserted into a casket or shipping container.

Metal/Ziegler case

Twelve.

Minimum number of caskets in stock

The number that occurs most frequently in a listing of numbers.

Mode

a synthetic or natural organic material shaped when soft and then hardened.

Plastic

refers to a method of molding plastic by injecting molten plastic into a die.

Plastic Extrusion Molding

a woven cloth with a nap exceeding 1/8th inch.

Plush (high pile)

a surface made smooth and glossy usually by friction; brought to a highly developed, finished or refined state; burnished.

Polished or gloss finish

a soft, lightweight thermoplastic that has a high resistance to chemicals.

Polyethylene foam

Confirms the family's selections to prevent mistakes.

Post-selection counseling

This premium fabric is described as one of silk, cotton, or possibly rayon with a nap: - Velvet.

Premium fabric description

Implying that buying one will keep a decedent preserved for a longer period of time, which isn't true.

Protective casket

One-fourth of the casket sales when arranged in median order.

Quartile

DIVIDE into FOUR A division of the total into four intervals, each one representing one fourth of the total.

Quartiles

The upper and lower limits of a series of numbers.

Range

To help prevent grave robbery.

Reason for invention of burial vaults

Incandescent lighting.

Recommended lighting for casket selection rooms

In which of these types of copper is a copper shell submerged in a copper ionic solution in order to reinforce the copper shell?

Reinforced copper shell

A type of hardwood.

Salix

A fabric type that is woven to have a glossy or lustrous front or face, and a dull back.

Satin

has less luster than semi-gloss.

Satin finish

Means nothing gets in and nothing gets out of a casket, applicable to hermetic sealing caskets and glass sealer caskets.

Sealing casket

Consists of slabs of unfinished concrete placed around the casket.

Sectional box

Constructed from many different species of wood; sometimes referred to as salix or willow.

Select hardwood

What does the term "selected hardwood" actually mean? - The casket is manufactured using different species of wood.

Selected hardwood

low luster.

Semi-gloss finish

Paper rendered into strips.

Shredded paper

Locked from the front of the casket using a key or crank.

Side (front) lock casket

hinge the head section to the back side of the ogee.

Single hinged cap caskets

Has a section of glass or metal held by a metal frame, placed on a rubber gasket.

Single walled glass sealer

The "slip head panel" is a variation of the _______ opening style. - Single hinged cap.

Slip head panel

Which of these is not a softwood? (pine, redwood, cedar, spruce & cypress) - Maple

Softwood

A type of casket material.

Solid Oak

polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic fiber that can be woven into fabrics.

Spun polyester

A casket shell type that is probably the easiest to create or produce.

Square cornered

Your casket supplier offers two types of stainless steel, namely 300 series and 400 series. You want the better of the two. Which one is the better? - 300 series.

Stainless steel types

is less expensive and has been made by pressing hardware out of metal with a hydraulic press.

Stamped hardware

7, 10, & 12 gauge.

Standard gauges in metal burial vaults

30"X____"

Standard size of adult burial vault

Most oversize caskets do not fit into standard size outer burial containers if over 25 inches in width.

Standard size outer burial containers

What do "stiffeners" actually do? - Make the bottom more structurally sound.

Stiffeners function

A metal post-like part that protrudes from the underside of the ogee and inserts into an opening in the top body molding.

Strike pin

The focal part of the interior which fills the inside of the crown, sometimes bordered by the roll (cove).

The Gimp

In measuring the THICKNESS of a FERROUS casket, the lower the number, the ________ the casket metal. - Thinner

Thickness of ferrous casket

In measuring the THICKNESS of a NON-FERROUS casket metal, the higher the number, the _______ the casket metal. - Thicker

Thickness of non-ferrous casket metal

A screw-like fastener used on hinged cap-style caskets.

Threaded fasteners

Which of these is represented by a tightly stretched or smooth appearance?

Tightly stretched appearance

Prevents the entrance of water into the vault through the use of adhesive and a tongue and groove.

Top seal burial vault

Conebearing; do not shed leaves annually; less resistant than hardwoods; and lighter.

Traits of coniferous trees

Annually shedding of leaves; heavy, close grained and more resistant than softwoods.

Traits of deciduous trees

An enclosure to protect the casket during transport.

Transfer container

a textile weave in which threads are crossed over one another to give an appearance of parallel diagonal lines.

Twill weave

Which of these types of copper was considered to be the "ultimate" copper casket ever produced? - Copper deposit.

Ultimate copper casket

Which of these would be the ultimate hardwood? - Mahogany

Ultimate hardwood

What is considered to be the ultimate interior style? - Tufted.

Ultimate interior style

a fabric of silk, cotton and possibly rayon with a thick, soft pile or nap. Available as either 'transparent velvet' or 'dull-pile' this material is typically found in more costly caskets.

Velvet

A casket truck has brought your funeral home two caskets, a pecan casket and pine casket, weighing a total of 500 lbs. The first casket you remove from the truck weighs 200 lbs, so you deduct that the casket that is still on the truck is the _____.

Weight deduction from casket truck

Judging the differences between the WEIGHTS of two ferrous metal casket thicknesses, the casket with the higher number represents the casket with the _______ metal.

Weight of ferrous metal casket

Client families that purchase wood caskets usually do so because of: - Its warmth, beauty, and craftsmanship.

Wood caskets

Which of these presents a wrinkled look which is produced by being sewn on a multiple needled sewing machine?

Wrinkled look production

lining attached to the undersurface of the foot panel of the casket and/or a component part of the throw, which extends downward into the body of the casket.

apron

Part of the casket handle that attaches the bar to the lug.

arm

A single handle in which the lug, arm and bar are combined in one unit.

bail handle

Part of the casket handle, attached to the lug or arm, which is grasped by the casket bearer.

bar

molding along the lower most edge of the body panels.

base molding

A bed is permanently attached to the shell of the casket, whereas a mattress must be placed inside a casket.

bed

portion of the casket shell containing the top body molding, body panel, base molding and casket bottom.

body

material which drapes the inside perimeter of the body of the casket.

body lining

The sides and ends of a casket shell are called the body panels.

body panels

the top most part of the casket shell, including the ogee, crown, pie and header.

cap

The distance from the floor to the bottom of a casket in a display room should be three inches off of the floor for the first casket; on a double display this height should be twenty-four inches.

casket display height

a device, which two or three caskets are placed one on top of the other for display in a display room.

casket rack

One is best- two are tolerated.

casket selection room

Merchandisers state that the room size should be based on the number of caskets; 40-60 feet per unit displayed.

casket selection room size

the stand or support upon which a casket rests in the selection room. It should be sturdy and also attractive.

casket stand

wheeled collapsible support for the casket, used in the funeral home, church, or other location when moving a casket. Offered in a variety of colors to match the caskets.

church truck

The 'clergy' casket, though very much like the perfection full couch casket, is different in the respect that the cap and ogee are formed as one complete, unhinged section and can, therefore, be removed entirely.

clergy casket

displayed only offer an outside view of the casket and not the interior. The casket needs to be opened to give an overall view.

closed caskets

placing caskets in the selection room in the order of increasing or decreasing value.

consecutive method

Another term for permanent handle hardware.

continuous bar

optional part of the hardware that is attached to the four corners of the body panel.

corner

the uppermost part of the cap, extending from rim to rim; everything above the rim.

crown

three or four caskets utilized to educate the selecting party regarding the elements of casket construction.

demonstration method

Illumination directly shining on an object; advantages include lower cost and familiarity, while disadvantages include less layout flexibility, reflective glare, and harsh shadows.

direct lighting

Made by uniting superimposed layers of different materials.

laminate

ferrous, non-ferrous, and synthetic materials such as Polystyrene, ABS material, stainless steel, copper, bronze, and asphalt.

lining materials

Part of the casket handle that is attached to the casket body.

lug

Concrete, metal, wood, polymers and fiberglass.

materials for outer burial containers

Conversely, a mattress has a zipper that allows access to the stuffing to allow for rearrangement and/or removal.

mattress

interior cloth which covers the mattress or bedding material.

mattress cover

early casket manufacturers hired tinsmiths to finish caskets and, to these tinsmiths, a metal gutter was called an ogee. The section of the casket lid between the panel and the lid molding resembles a gutter and, therefore, was named an ogee.

ogee

the turned under edge of the ogee.

ogee flange

any container which is designed for placement in the grave around the casket, including, but not limited to, containers commonly known as burial vaults, grave boxes, and grave liners.

outer burial container

does not have the 'center cut' and allows for viewing the deceased in full-length. An optional blanket may cover the deceased from the waist down.

perfection full couch

has the ogee and cap formed as one piece, which is then cut crosswise (one half to three inches from the center and toward the foot) to form two halves. The foot section can be raised with the head section to allow for casketing, however, it is then lowered and the deceased is viewed from the waist up only.

perfection half couch casket

Non-movable handle that extends around the casket; held in place by lugs.

permanent handle

does not give a detailed look of the casket and can sometimes be very misleading.

photograph

wedge-shaped portion of the cap at each end of the crown.

pie/fishtail

cloth bag filled with soft material used to support the head and possibly the feet of the deceased.

pillows (head & foot)

items that a funeral director would cover with the family after their casket selection would be the outer burial container, any special casket corners or keepsakes if wanted by the family.

post-selection room procedures

when a funeral director discusses the number of caskets on display, the price range, the reason behind the price range, the type of caskets and state and federal disclosures.

pre-selection room procedure

A hardware production method of lesser expense whereby the casket hardware sections are pressed out on a hydraulic press.

pressed hardware production method

Methods of closure may include air sealing, top sealing, end sealing, and double sealing.

protective outer burial containers

Head and foot ogees are hinged individually to the top body molding allowing each ogee to drop down after the head section has been raised.

regular half-couch

"S" shaped molding that is a component part of the casket cap.

rim

a component part of a casket which lines the rim and surrounds the cap panel.

roll (cove, puffing)

Another term for 'puffing'.

roll or cove

A sectional box consists of slabs of unfinished concrete placed around the casket.

sectional box

can also project an overall appearance of how the full casket actually looks.

sectional casket

the component parts that compose the cap and the body of the casket.

shell

The slip head panel is a variation of the single hinged cap casket.

single hinged cap casket

Used primarily for indigents or sometimes as an orthodox Jewish casket, the wood 'slip head panel' or 'slip top' casket's head section is held in place not by a hinge, but by two dowel pins.

slip head panel casket

86" in length, 30" in width and 24 ¼" in center height (except for the domed vault, which is 30").

standard size of an outer burial container

elongated indentations that have been pressed into the sheet of metal that is used as the bottom of the casket shell.

stiffeners

A moveable casket handle with a hinged arm; can be full-length, individual or single.

swing bar

an aesthetic covering for the foot cap or inner foot panel of the casket.

throw (overthrow, overlay)

decorative part of the casket handle that covers the exposed ends of the bar.

tip

a molding along the uppermost edge of the body panels.

top body molding

the horizontal portion of the top body molding where the gasket is placed on gasketed protective caskets.

top body molding flange

Probably the viewing from both sides of the casket, since most other caskets allow viewing only from the deceased's right side.

viewing from both sides

Each pallbearer has his/her own bar to grasp and the handle pivots or swings outwardly.

individual swing bar hardware

"Permanent handle" or "continuous bar" hardware is a variation of ______ hardware. - Full-length stationary.

Permanent handle

The underside of the ogee would be called the _______. - Ogee flange.

Ogee flange

What is the position of the ogee (on the head end) in the open hinged cap casket? - The ogee is separate from the cap, and is hinged, so it folded down while the cap was raised.

Ogee position in open hinged cap

What is the position of the ogee in the open perfection couch casket? - It was connected in one piece with the cap, therefore it was raised for viewing.

Ogee position in perfection couch

Another term for the "ogee" is the: - Rim.

Ogee term

Which of these burial recepticals was the oldest? (historically) - Coffins

Oldest burial receptacle

Linked to the French word 'Casse', meaning a chest of valuable possessions.

Origin of the word 'casket'

Not all outer burial containers are considered burial vaults.

Outer burial containers

Increase in width by 2 inches for wood caskets.

Oversize caskets

What part of the hardware grouping do the pallbearers actually grasp? - Bar.

Pallbearers grasp

when the funeral director stays in the room with the family.

direct presentation

The head and foot sections of the cap are hinged individually to the back of the ogee and both must be raised for casketing.

double hinged caskets

The earth load measures approximately 4000 pounds.

earth load

This aesthetic covering for the top body molding would be used with the perfection half-couch.

extendover

the illumination produced by a tubular electric discharge lamp; advantages include longer lifespan and less heat output compared to incandescent lighting.

fluorescent lighting

The illumination that an object receives when one candle is held one foot away from the object.

foot candle

When viewing a body laid out in a perfection full couch casket or in a double hinged cap casket.

foot pillow in a casket

Extends all of the way from head-to-foot and does not swing or pivot outwardly.

full-length stationary hardware

Extends all of the way from head-to-foot and swings or pivots outwardly.

full-length swing hardware

If a casket is gasketed, the gasket would be situated directly atop the top body molding flange of the casket shell.

gasket

found on cut-top casketed caskets; an integral part of the foot panel header on gasketed caskets; the function is to hold the transverse gasket to seal the space between the head and foot caps.

gasket channel

a strip of metal, plastic, or cloth that is attached to the inside of the panel, covering the area at which point the roll is anchored.

gimp

an outer enclosure consisting of a body and one or two-piece lid.

grave box

In most areas the top of the outer enclosure should lie 18-24 inches below the surface of the ground.

grave depth

An outer container of concrete, wood, or plastic that offers weight bearing qualities for the earth above, but is without sealing qualities.

grave liner

In most cases, the head panel would be on my left and the foot panel on my right.

head panel position

portion of the casket interior covering the hinges that attach the casket cap to the casket body; usually extends from the roll and becomes a part of the body lining.

hinge cover (skirt)

Ninety to one hundred foot candles of illumination measured at approximately pillow height on a displayed casket is the optimum.

illumination in casket selection room

the illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament; it is not very energy efficient but is commonly used in homes.

incandescent lighting

the illumination resulting from reflection off of another surface-usually the ceiling; advantages include creating a soft environment suitable for viewing, while disadvantages include being less energy effective and adding little contrast.

indirect lighting

when after his or her presentation they leave the family alone to make their choice.

indirect presentation

Each pallbearer has his/her own bar to grasp and the handle does not pivot or swing outwardly.

individual stationary hardware