Fundamentals of Nursing Care Chapter 35 Medication Administration-Questions

A patient is taking a medication to lower cholesterol. You know that the patient needs more teaching about the medication when he says:

"I will take my medicine each morning with grapefruit juice."

The trade name of a drug is also referred to as the:

1. Brand name 2. Generic name

The patient you are caring for has been placed on warfarin (Coumadin) to prevent blood clots. Which teaching will you provide?

1. Do not take aspirin or products containing aspirin while you are taking coumadin. 2. Report excessive bruising or bleeding from the gums, eyes, kidneys, intestines, or vagina.

Schedule II drugs

1. Have a high potential for abuse 2. Must be counted and accounted for 3. Include Morphine, codeine, oxycodone, and meperidine 4. Must be kept under double lock

Which is true of the PDR?

1. It contains colored pictures of many drugs in the Product Identification Section. 2. It contains medication chemical composition, indications for use, contraindications, warnings, routes, and administration guidelines.

You are preparing the administer a Schedule II drug. What special considerations are necessary?

1. It is kept under double lock or with limited access in a computerized medication cabinet. 2. The remaining medications must be counted. 3. The count must match the total in the record book. 4. If kept in a computerized medication cabinet, the count is automatically totaled by the computer.

What would happen if a nurse was caught diverting drugs?

1. Nurse could face arrest and criminal charges. 2. The nurse would be referred to a program where he or she could get help.

What factors can contribute to the risk for a nurse to develop a drug abuse problem?

1. Nurses deal with high work-related stress. 2. Nurses have easy access to drugs.

List the six rights of medication administration.

1. Right Medication 2. Right dose 3. Right route 4. Right patient 5. Right Date & Time 6. Right documentation

You are caring for a patient who has an order for an IV antibiotic. When you hang the second bag, the patient goes into an anaphylactic reaction. Which actions will you expect to perform.

1. Stop the medication immediately 2. Follow the facility policy for responding to anaphylaxis 3. Increase the IV fluids to help increase the BP 4. Obtain IV epinephrine in case it is needed

You are preparing to give medications to your assigned patient in clinical. The orders are for eight different medications, a nitroglycerin patch, and an insulin injection. What will your instructor expect you to know about these medications before you administer them?

1. The classification of each medication 2. The desired effect of each medication 3. THe name of the physician who ordered each medication 4. Laboratory values to be checked before giving any of the medications 5. Vital signs to be checked before giving any of the medications

Which patient is most likely to have a drug reaction?

A ptient with kidney failure who is on dialysis

A 46-year-old female patient developed swelling of the tongue and throat after taking a new antibiotic. She went to the ER because she was having difficulty breathing. Which drug effect has occurred?

A severe adverse effect.

Which of the following is an example of an over-the-counter medication?

Acetaminophen (tylenol)

You are administering medication to a child. How can you ensure that you have a calculated the correct dose before you administer it?

Ask another nurse to check your calculations and verify that it is the correct dose.

What signs will you check for before administering anti-inflammatory medications?

Assess for signs of bleeding ulcers such as tarry stools, especially in the elderly.

What assessment will you make before administering laxatives and stool softeners to your patients?

Assess the need for giving stool softeners or laxative if the patient is having liquid or frequent stools, hold the medicine

Before administering any antihypertensive medication, you will first:

Check the patient's blood pressure to ensure that it is not too low.

You are caring for a patient taking digoxin for congestive heart failure. During your shift, the patient complains of nausea. What will you do before giving his next dose of digoxin?

Check the patient's digoxin level on the chart to determine that it is not elevated.

If a patient is taking numerous medications, how can you be sure that you have them all when you are preparing them?

Count the number of medications to be administered on the medication administration record (MAR) and count the number of medicines you are taking to the room. Verify that the numbers match.

A patient with pneumonia is allergic to cephalosporin antibiotics. He tells you that he breaks out in a rash and itches if he takes it. The physician has prescribed cefazolin for him because it is one of the few antibiotics that will kill the bacteria cultured from his sputum. What will you do?

Hold the medicine and contact the physician

Under what circumstances would you hold these medications?

If the blood pressure or pulse is low

Why are elderly patients at greater risk for development of drug toxicity?

Impaired liver and kidney function, causing the drug to build up in the blood.

You are administering medications to your assigned patients. Just as you enter a female patient's room with the prepared medicines in a cup, the patient enters the bathroom for a shower. You then get an urgent call to another patient's room what will you do?

Interrupt the patient's shower preparations long enough to give her the medications and ensure that she has swallowed them

A patient tells you that he is allergic to a muscle relaxer because it makes him sleep all day. You know that this is a common side effect of this medication. What action will you take?

Record it as an allergy in the chart with an explanation of the reaction.

The oral route of medication administration includes:

Sublingual and buccal medicine

What are signs that a patient is receiving too much of an anticoagulant medication?

Tarry stools, bleeding gums, bleeding from the rectum or vagina, nosebleeds, elevated blood levels

A patient is taking Lipitor for high cholesterol level. What patient teaching will you provide regarding interaction of this medication with foods, beverages, and supplements?

Teach the patient to avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice because it can interfere with drug absorption, leading to increased blood levels and increased adverse effects.

you patient is taking Lasix 40 mg PO as a diuretic. When you checked, the patient's potassium level was low, at 3.3. You held the Lasix and notified the PA with the laboratory results. The PA then said to give the Lasix and also ordered a potassium supplement, K-tab, 20 mg to be given to this patient bid. How does this order resolve your concern?

The potassium supplement will replace the potassium that is being removed by the lasix

A pharmaceutical company has developed a new medicine that was costly to create. How will the company be compensated for the cost of their research and development?

They will be allowed to sell the medication with no competition for approximately 10 years.

Identify the three times to check the medication, dose, route, and patient to ensure that you are administering the medication safely.

a. As you remove the medication from the cart, bin, or PYXIS b. PRIOR to placing it in the medication cup and returning the container to the drawer. c. At the bedside, before opening the medication.

When you administer an antihypertensive medication at a dose within normal ranges, the patient's blood pressure drops to 84/60. This is a/an:

adverse effect

The drug name that is assigned and is not owned by the pharmaceutical company that develops the drug is the

generic name

What will you check before administering antiarrhythmic medications to your patients?

vital signs