Fundamentals of nursing Unit 8 Ch 2

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?

General systems theory

The nurse researcher is aware that the type of variable that can be manipulated in a study is which type of variable?

Independent

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

The student nurse is combing through various medical websites searching for information to answer a research question for a class assignment. Which note(s) would indicate the nurse is referencing a reputable website? Select all that apply. -Need to find sponsor -Dr. J.C. lead investigator -Author's email address -List of references -Site reviewed last year

-List of references -Author's email address -Site reviewed last year

Which events in the history of nursing research occurred in the 1970s and 1980s? Select all that apply. -The National Institute of Nursing Research came into existence. -The nursing process was studied. -Primary client care led to research investigating outcomes and quality of care. -Research was focused on clinical practice, including clinical interventions. -Concerns of nursing education involved student-learning experiences and clinical evaluation.

-The nursing process was studied. -Concerns of nursing education involved student-learning experiences and clinical evaluation. -Research was focused on clinical practice, including clinical interventions. -Primary client care led to research investigating outcomes and quality of care.

A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?

A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?

A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading?

Abstract

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?

Authoritative knowledge

A nurse researcher who plans to collect and analyze data for the purpose of creating a new theory should select which type of research?

Basic Research

A nursing theorist studies health care systems in communities. Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of these systems?

Boundaries separate health care systems both from each other and from the environment.

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

Chromium supplements

Which is true of concepts?

Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and the relationships among them.

When the nurse researcher informs the participant that the participant's identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's:

Confidentiality

A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"?

Decrease infection rates

The process of considering an idea as a whole and then dividing it into smaller, more specific ideas is which?

Deductive reasoning

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?

Developmental theory

The nurse is reading about nursing theorists for a class. The theory reveals the following, "Individuals who use self-care to sustain life and health, to recover from disease or injury, or to cope with its effects." Which individual developed this theory?

Dorothea Orem

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change

A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?

Experimental research

A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?

Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?

Nursing research

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?

Nursing theory

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

Person

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

Preventing skin breakdown

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?

Qualitative

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

Qualitative research

When a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection of narrative data and the analyses would select which of the following methods of research?

Qualitative research

Following the identification of a researchable problem, what must the nurse do?

Select literature relevant to the problem.

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?

Undergoing the informed consent process with the client

When describing how to formulate a hypothesis, which item would a nurse researcher identify as the focus of the study?

Variables

A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?

Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

adults.

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to:

promote research for health promotion.

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.