Funds - IV Therapy and Blood Administration

-I am hypotonic. -I am often an initial hydrating fluid. -I am also utilized to test kidney function (fluid challenge). -I must be used cautiously with edematous clients with cardiac, renal or hepatic disease. -I can lead to cellular edema or water intoxication. -I may cause increased ICP in CVA, head trauma or neurosurgical patients. -I am ______________________.

-I am 0.45 NS.

-I am utilized for severe dilutional hyponatremia (water intoxication). -I MUST be administered slowly and carefully to prevent pulmonary edema. -The maximum rate of infusion is 200 mL over 4 hours (50 mL/hr). -A client must be observed constantly when I am administered. -An infiltration can cause trauma to surrounding tissues. -I must be administered in a large vein. -I am ______________________. -I am a(n) ____________________ fluid.

-I am 3% NS. -I am a hypertonic fluid.

-I am isotonic in the bag but hypotonic in the bloodstream in a non-diabetic client. -I provide calories for energy. -I cause K+ to shift from extracellular fluid to the intracellular compartment. -I am utilized for dehydration. -Insulin can be added to me to treat hyperkalemia. -I am ______________________.

-I am D5W

-I am the IV fluid that is most like blood. -I am indicated in severe vomiting, diarrhea, diuresis, or any time electrolyte replacement is essential (like post-op or with burns). -It is important to observe the client for circulatory overload when I am administered. -I am contraindicated in liver disease due to the lactate I contain (which can lead to lactic acidosis). -I have less Na and more electrolytes than NS, but sill relatively high in Na. -I am ______________________. -I am a(n) ____________________ fluid.

-I am Lactated Ringer's. -I am an isotonic solution.

-I can cause dangerous hypernatremia and hyperchloremia which can lead to acidosis. -I am utilized with blood administration. -I must be administered with caution in clients with chronic renal failure as I can cause volume overload. -I am ______________________. -I am a(n) ____________________ fluid.

-I am NS. -I am an isotonic solution.

A client involved in a motor vehicle crash presents to the emergency department with severe internal bleeding. The client is severely hypotensive and unresponsive. The nurse anticipates that which intravenous (IV) solution will most likely be prescribed to increase intravascular volume, replace immediate blood loss volume, and increase blood pressure? A. 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringers B. 0.33% Sodium Choride C. 0.225% Sodium Chloride D. 0.45% Sodium Chloride

A. 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringers

The nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells to a client. Which type of IV fluid should be used to facilitate the infusion of blood for this client? A. Lactated Ringer's B. Normal saline C. Dextrose 5% and water D. Dextrose 5% and normal saline

B. Normal saline

The hospitalist orders an IV of D5NS to run at 125 ml/hour. What type of fluid is this? A.Hypotonic B.Isotonic C.Hypertonic D. Colloid

C.Hypertonic

Two hours after the IV is started, Mr. Lewis complains of pain at the insertion site. The nurse assesses the site and notes that it is cool to the touch around the site and is edematous. The nurse tries to obtain a blood return and does not get any return. This indicates what type of problem, and what action should he take?

Infiltration. Stop the IV fluids, remove the IV

While assessing a patient who is on intravenous therapy, the nurse notices infiltration at the intravenous site. Which nursing intervention would best help the patient? a. Stopping the intravenous infusion b. Massaging the intravenous site gently c. Reducing the intravenous infusion rate d. Applying a cool compress to the intravenous site

a. Stopping the intravenous infusion

The nurse observes weight gain, edema, hypertension, and distended neck veins in a patient who is on fluid replacement therapy. What could be the reason behind this condition in the patient? a. The intravenous solution is infusing too fast b. The level of the fluid bag has been lowered c. The intravenous sites of administration have been rotated d. The patient was placed in high fowler's position

a. The intravenous solution is infusing too fast

The nurse determines that a client is having a transfusion reaction. After the nurse stops the transfusion, which action should immediately be taken next? a. Remove the IV b. Run a solution of 5% dextrose in water c. Run Normal Saline solution to keep open the vein d. Obtain a culture of the tip of the catheter device removed from the client

c. Run Normal Saline solution to keep open the vein