Funeral Pathology 1.2

Phlegmon

A spreading diffuse inflammatory process with formation of suppurative/purulent exudate or pus. This is the result of acute purulent inflammation which is due to bacterial infection.

Allergies

A state of hypersensitivity to foreign substances or allergens.

Symptoms

A subjective indication of the presence of disease, such as pain, itching, or nausea.

Exacerbation

A sudden increase in the severity of a disease.

pathological atrophy

A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to disease

physiological atrophy

A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to injury or lack of use

Aplasia

Absence of a body part.

Cellular level

According to the doctrine of cellular pathology, where do diseases begin?

Lesion

An area of structural damage as the result of disease.

Polydactylism

An excess number of fingers or toes.

Hyperplasia

An increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the number of cells in that part.

Signs

An objective indication of the presence of disease, such as heat, redness or swelling.

Communicable

Another word for contagious

Interferon

Anti viral protein that fights off viruses that attack the cells of the body

Iatrogenic

Any adverse condition induced in a patient as a result of the effects of a treatment given by a doctor.

Acquired

Any disease obtained after birth.

Organic disease

Any structural change for the normal human body

Complications

Any unfavorable condition which occurs during a disease.

Infectious agents

Bacteria, molds, yeasts, protozoa, viruses

Mechanical

Barriers which serve as stationary protection for other body parts

Vascular nevus

Birth mark usually purplish in color

Antibodies

Body's natural medication to fight bacterial attacks

Gout

Buildup of uric acid in the joints, causing arthritis

Exogenous pigmentation

Carotinemia, usually seen in infants who eat yellow baby foods, is an example of

Gall stone

Cholelith

Amyloid disease

Degeneration of organs or tissues as a result of the deposition of amyloid, a starch-like substance produced during certain metabolic disorders.

Chemical agents

Drugs and poisons

Phagocytosis

Engulfment of pathogens by cells

Lysozyme

Enzyme that attacks and destroys invading microbes

Hardened fecal material

Fecalith

moist

Gangrene that has turned putrefactive because of the presence of saprophytic bacteria

dry

Gangrene with no bacteria present

Anasarca

Generalized massive edema in subcutaneous tissue.

Physical agents

Heat, cold, electricity, x-ray

Hypoplasia

Incomplete development of a body part.

hypertrophy

Increase in the size of a body part due to an increase in the size of the cells in that part.

Endogenous pigmentation

Melanosis, freckles, albinism, and leukoderma are examples of

gas gangrene

Necrosis and putrefaction of tissue as a result of the invasion by a gas producing bacillus, especially Clostridium perfringens.

Nosocomical

One acquired in a hospital or health care facility.

Epidemic

One affecting a large number of people in the same area at one time.

Febrile

One characterized by fever.

Chronic

One of relatively slow onset and long duration.

Fulminant

One of severe and sudden onset, which often proves fatal.

Functional disease

One which does not show recognizable lesions.

Endemic

One which is always present to some degree in a given area.

Contagious

One which is easily transmittable from person to person.

Age, race, nutrition, gender, occupation, environment, emotional, economic status, heredity

Predisposing conditions

Kidney stone

Renal calculi

Phocomelia

A congenital condition in which the proximal portions of the limbs are poorly developed or absent.

Spina bifida

A congenital defect in which the inferior portion of the spinal column fails to properly form, resulting in a herniation of the contents of the spinal cavity; congenital fissure of the spinal column.

Intoxication

A disease caused by a poisonous or toxic substance.

Infectious

A disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

Acute

A disease of rapid onset and short duration.

Idiopathic

A disease of unknown cause

Occupational

A disease related to one's working conditions.

Deficiency

A disease resulting from the lack of some essential element in body metabolism, such as the lack of a dietary vitamin.

Recurrent

A disease which has a tendency to return at intervals; it shows alternating increases and decreases in its symptoms.

Pandemic

A disease which is epidemic in many areas at the same time, possibly worldwide.

Hereditary

A disease which is passed on from parents to offspring as a result of a genetic defect

Congenital

A disease which is present at birth.

Sporadic

A disease which occurs occasionally in a given area.

Cleft palate/lip

A fissure in the palate/lip

Downs syndrome

A genetic disorder characterized by various degrees of mental retardation, a dwarfed physique, and other characteristic cranial and facial abnormalities.

Remission

A let-up in the severity of a disease.

Prognosis

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease.

Inflammation

A protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli and to initiate the healing process.

Oscillating cilia

Serve as a broom to sweep microbes out of the body

Gastric juices

Serve as an initial barriers for food coming into the stomach to prevent microbes from coming in

Reflex actions

Sneezing, coughing, diarrhea, vomiting, blinking, moving your hand from a hot stove

Fever

The body's way to try to turn up the heat on microbes that have entered the body

Anastomosis

The branching of blood vessels that allows blood to arrive at a body part via an alternative path, in the event that the main path is blocked

Metaplasia

The change of tissue from one form to another (e.g. the formation of a scar from normal epithelial tissue)

caseous necrosis

The characteristic form of necrosis associated with tuberculosis, resembling a soft, cheesy mass.

Disease

The condition in which the structure and function of the body is impaired as a result of injury to the tissues; any abnormal structure or function occurring in the body

Amelia

The congenital absence of one or more limbs.

Diagnosis

The identification of a disease.

Color blindness

The inability to distinguish colors

Pathogenesis

The origin and development of a disease.

Infestation

The presence in or on the body of macroscopic organisms, such as lice or fleas.

Mortality rate

The rate of death in a given population

Morbidity rate

The rate of illness in a given population (usually attributed to a specific illness)

Prevalence

Total number of cases of the risk factor in the population at a given time

Necrosis

Trauma, interference with blood supply, extreme temperatures, chemical agents, and loss of nerve supply are all causes of

Stone in the bladder

Vesical calculi

Virchow

discovery of the doctrine of cellular pathology?

humors

once believed to be the basic fluids of the body

Drug Class of heroin

opiate

Drug Class of cocaine

stimulant

Trauma

the process or event leading to an injury