g 2
Which of the following scenarios is an example of how the media can act as a linkage institution? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) A reporter interviews students and teachers after a school-wide evacuation because of a fireAA reporter interviews students and teachers after a school-wide evacuation because of a fire(Choice B) A television network airs the results of public opinion poll projecting the winner of the 2016 presidential electionBA television network airs the results of public opinion poll projecting the winner of the 2016 presidential election(Choice C) A political action committee donates money to a candidate for Senate to use for commercial advertisementsCA political action committee donates money to a candidate for Senate to use for commercial advertisements(Choice D) A political party advertises a "Rock the Vote" concert on Facebook to get people aged 18-21 to voteDA political party advertises a "Rock the Vote" concert on Facebook to get people aged 18-21 to vote
A television network airs the results of public opinion poll projecting the winner of the 2016 presidential election
Which of the following may the president do to limit the Supreme Court's power? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Veto parts of the Court's decisionAVeto parts of the Court's decision(Choice B) Appoint new justices to the Supreme CourtBAppoint new justices to the Supreme Court(Choice C) Fire and replace Supreme Court justicesCFire and replace Supreme Court justices(Choice D) Pass legislation changing the court's jurisdictionDPass legislation changing the court's jurisdiction
Appoint new justices to the Supreme Court
In Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools (1971), the Supreme Court held that schools could assign students to schools outside of their district to achieve racial balances. Which of the following cases did the Court use as precedent in their decision? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)ABrown v. Board of Education (1954)(Choice B) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)BTinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)(Choice C) Engel v. Vitale (1962)CEngel v. Vitale (1962)(Choice D) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)DGideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Which of the following statements explains how Congress can use its power of the purse to restrict presidential power? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Congress drafts and passes a federal budget that does not require presidential approval.ACongress drafts and passes a federal budget that does not require presidential approval.(Choice B) Congress determines the president's salary and can cut the president's salary based on performance.BCongress determines the president's salary and can cut the president's salary based on performance.(Choice C) Congress allocates funds for presidential campaigns and can restrict funds to the president's party.CCongress allocates funds for presidential campaigns and can restrict funds to the president's party.(Choice D) Congress can deny requests for funds to bureaucratic agencies during the budget process.DCongress can deny requests for funds to bureaucratic agencies during the budget process.
Congress can deny requests for funds to bureaucratic agencies during the budget process.
Which of the following scenarios would violate the Tenth Amendment? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Congress signing a law drafting Americans to the militaryACongress signing a law drafting Americans to the military(Choice B) Congress barring the shipment of gasolineBCongress barring the shipment of gasoline(Choice C) Congress passing a law raising the minimum driving age to 21CCongress passing a law raising the minimum driving age to 21(Choice D) Congress punishing people who do not pay their taxesDCongress punishing people who do not pay their taxes
Congress passing a law raising the minimum driving age to 21
Participatory democracy is best defined as which of the following? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Direct individual participation by citizens in political decisions that affect their daily livesADirect individual participation by citizens in political decisions that affect their daily lives(Choice B) Individual citizens electing representatives who would then articulate and fight for their interestsBIndividual citizens electing representatives who would then articulate and fight for their interests(Choice C) Limited political participation by a small group of people that make and influence political decisionsCLimited political participation by a small group of people that make and influence political decisions(Choice D) Nongovernmental interest groups influence political decisions through lobbying and donationsDNongovernmental interest groups influence political decisions through lobbying and donations
Direct individual participation by citizens in political decisions that affect their daily lives
Which of the following scenarios would likely be considered an unconstitutional use of state power under the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?
Florida passes a law denying legal counsel to suspected terrorists
In 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon stood trial in Florida, accused of robbing a pool hall. Gideon was poor and could not afford a lawyer. He requested that the court provide one for him, but Florida only provided lawyers for defendants accused of capital offenses. The Supreme Court decided to throw out the conviction because lawyers were necessary to ensure a fair trial. The Court ruled that states must provide counsel to defendants too poor to afford lawyers or they are violating the constitutional right to legal counsel. Which of the following statements best explains the impact of this decision? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) It applied the Sixth Amendment to the states through the incorporation doctrineAIt applied the Sixth Amendment to the states through the incorporation doctrine(Choice B) It enhanced the state's power to refuse to provide legal counsel in some felony casesBIt enhanced the state's power to refuse to provide legal counsel in some felony cases(Choice C) It limited the state's power to convict someone who was poor or mentally illCIt limited the state's power to convict someone who was poor or mentally ill(Choice D) It applied the Sixth Amendment to the federal government through total incorporationDIt applied the Sixth Amendment to the federal government through total incorporation
It applied the Sixth Amendment to the states through the incorporation doctrine
In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, stipulating that states must have a minimum drinking age of 21 in order to receive federal highway funding. This is an example of which of the following aspects of federal incentives? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Revenue sharingARevenue sharing(Choice B) MandatesBMandates(Choice C) Block grantsCBlock grants(Choice D) Categorical grantsDCategorical grants
Mandates
In United States v. Nixon (1974), the Supreme Court ruled that President Nixon was not exempt from a court order that required him to release White House tapes. It upheld the right of the Court to "say what the law is," as Chief Justice Warren Burger wrote in the Court's majority opinion. Which prior Supreme Court case could be cited as a precedent for the majority decision in United States v. Nixon (1974)? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Marbury v. Madison (1803)AMarbury v. Madison (1803)(Choice B) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)BMcCulloch v. Maryland (1819)(Choice C) Baker v. Carr (1962)CBaker v. Carr (1962)(Choice D) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)DGideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Which of the following is a characteristic of a reliable scientific poll? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Representative sampleARepresentative sample(Choice B) Open-ended questionsBOpen-ended questions(Choice C) Required names for all respondentsCRequired names for all respondents(Choice D, Checked) Non-randomized sampleDNon-randomized sample
Representative sample
"Amid this much-changed communication landscape, the lingering question of whether the untapped wisdom of the public should be harnessed in governmental decisions suddenly commanded a fresh look, as social media increased the capability of governments worldwide to more fully involve ordinary citizens in policymaking." -M. Barris, A. Jain, and J. Katz, The Social Media President: Barack Obama and the Politics of Political Engagement, 2013 Based on the text, which of the following statements would the authors most likely agree with? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Social media has had no effect on the president's relationship to the national constituency or CongressASocial media has had no effect on the president's relationship to the national constituency or Congress(Choice B) Social media has changed the president's relationship to Congress by involving more members of Congress in policymaking decisionsBSocial media has changed the president's relationship to Congress by involving more members of Congress in policymaking decisions(Choice C) Social media has changed the president's relationship to the national constituency by involving fewer citizens in policymaking decisionsCSocial media has changed the president's relationship to the national constituency by involving fewer citizens in policymaking decisions(Choice D) Social media has changed the president's relationship with the national constituency by involving more citizens in policymaking decisionsDSocial media has changed the president's relationship with the national constituency by involving more citizens in policymaking decisions
Social media has changed the president's relationship with the national constituency by involving more citizens in policymaking decisions
Use the passage below to answer the following question. "The mystique of inside information—"if you only knew what we know"—was a most effective way to defend the national-security monopoly and prevent democratic control of foreign policy . . . "The power to leak meant the power to tell the people what it served the government's purpose that they should know . . . "The power to withhold and the power to leak led on inexorably to the power to lie. The secrecy system instilled in the executive branch the idea that foreign policy was no one's business save its own, and the uncontrolled secrecy made it easy for lying to become routine." -Arthur Schlesinger, The Imperial Presidency, 1973 Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Government leaks ensure that corruption in the executive branch is exposedAGovernment leaks ensure that corruption in the executive branch is exposed(Choice B) Secrecy is necessary for effective government action abroadBSecrecy is necessary for effective government action abroad(Choice C) The executive branch should not control foreign policy or national securityCThe executive branch should not control foreign policy or national security(Choice D) The executive branch has too much power in implementing foreign policyDThe executive branch has too much power in implementing foreign policy
The executive branch has too much power in implementing foreign policy
Course challenge Problem Congress member Amy Santiago votes her conscience on bills that her constituents care little about, but she votes according to the wishes of her constituents on bills they care about a lot. Which model of representation do her actions embody? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) The trustee modelAThe trustee model(Choice B) The delegate modelBThe delegate model(Choice C) The politico modelCThe politico model(Choice D) The majoritarian modelDThe majoritarian model
The politico model
"National security and privacy are not mutually exclusive. They can both be accomplished through responsible intelligence gathering and careful respect for the freedoms of law-abiding Americans." A quote from Senator James Lankford of Oklahoma in response to the passage of the USA Freedom Act, 2015 Based on the text, which of the following statements would Senator Lankford most likely agree with?
The prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures are intended to ensure that citizen liberties are not superseded by the need for social order and security
CandidatePartyPopular VotesPercentage of popular votesElectoral votesPercentage of ElectoralWilliam J. ClintonDemocratic44,908,25444,908,25444, comma, 908, comma, 25443%43%43, percent37037037069%69%69, percentGeorge H.W. BushRepublican39,102,24339,102,24339, comma, 102, comma, 24337%37%37, percent16816816831%31%31, percentRoss PerotIndependent19,743,82119,743,82119, comma, 743, comma, 82119%19%19, percent0000%0%0, percent -Source: The American Presidency Project Which of the following statements describes why Ross Perot won zero electoral votes in the 1992 presidential election? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) The winner-take-all system forced a runoff between the top two candidates, and Ross Perot was the third candidateAThe winner-take-all system forced a runoff between the top two candidates, and Ross Perot was the third candidate(Choice B) The winner-take-all system awarded electoral votes to the candidate who won the most votes in that stateBThe winner-take-all system awarded electoral votes to the candidate who won the most votes in that state(Choice C) The proportional representation system awarded him the same percentage of electoral votes as what he won in the popular voteCThe proportional representation system awarded him the same percentage of electoral votes as what he won in the popular vote(Choice D) The proportional representation system only awarded electoral votes to the top two candidates who received votesDThe proportional representation system only awarded electoral votes to the top two candidates who received votes
The winner-take-all system awarded electoral votes to the candidate who won the most votes in that state
"In the First Amendment, the Founding Fathers gave the free press the protection it must have to fulfill its essential role in our democracy. The press was to serve the governed, not the governors. The Government's power to censor the press was abolished so that the press would remain forever free to censure the Government. The press was protected so that it could bare the secrets of government and inform the people. Only a free and unrestrained press can effectively expose deception in government." -Justice Hugo Black Based on the text, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?
There should be a "heavy presumption against prior restraint" of freedom of speech
Course challenge Problem "As is now well known, political parties in recent years have built databases to facilitate targeting strategies. These databases list the names and contact information for all voters in a district, along with information about their personal traits, their neighborhoods, and their history of political participation. Politicians and their campaigns use these lists to perceive the electorate. The lists help them understand who their supporters are, what issues different voters care about, and how they should present themselves to voters in their campaign appeals. This large-scale collection of data influences how politicians perceive voters, and in turn, it affects how they interact with voters." -Source: Eitan D. Hersh, Hacking the Electorate: How Campaigns Perceive Voters, 2015 Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's argument on how political parties use voter data? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) To acquire damaging information on political opponentsATo acquire damaging information on political opponents(Choice B) To discourage people from turning out to voteBTo discourage people from turning out to vote(Choice C) To determine the amount of voter fraud in an electionCTo determine the amount of voter fraud in an election(Choice D) To clarify political messages and enhance mobilization effortsDTo clarify political messages and enhance mobilization efforts
To clarify political messages and enhance mobilization efforts
Which of the following makes a correct comparison between interest groups and social movements in the United States? interest groupssocial movementsAprohibited from donating to political campaignsdraws congressional and media attention to certain issuesBresponsible for conducting research to influence policyresponsible for evaluating the success of policy implementationCacquire voters for members of Congress who share similar policy goalsdirectly influence policy through protests at the CapitolDaim to influence the formulation and implementation of policyaim to influence which problems the government prioritizes Choose 1 answer:
d
Course challenge Problem Congress passes a law reducing the amount of violence that children can be exposed to on television. Which of the following actions can the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) take to implement this measure? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Issue an executive order banning the production of violent TV showsAIssue an executive order banning the production of violent TV shows(Choice B) Refuse to air violent TV shows on their broadcast networksBRefuse to air violent TV shows on their broadcast networks(Choice C) Lobby Congress to decrease federal funding for TV networks that broadcast violent TV showsCLobby Congress to decrease federal funding for TV networks that broadcast violent TV shows(Choice D, Checked) Write guidelines about how much violence can be depicted during times children are likely to be watching TVDWrite guidelines about how much violence can be depicted during times children are likely to be watching TV
Write guidelines about how much violence can be depicted during times children are likely to be watching TV
"Winston Churchill is said to have remarked that 'Any man who is not a socialist at the age of 21 has no heart, and any man who is still a socialist at the age of 40 has no head.' The first part of the quote can be taken as saying that it is easy to favor economic equality when one is a young adult in the process of getting educated, finding a job, and beginning a career. But the second part implies that the notion of equality of income for all looks far different once one is middle aged and established in an occupation." -Source: Martin P. Wattenberg, Is Voting for Young People? 2012 Which of the following statements is most consistent with the author's argument in this passage? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) People's political ideology changes as they get olderAPeople's political ideology changes as they get older(Choice B) People's political ideology remains the same as they ageBPeople's political ideology remains the same as they age(Choice C) People's political ideology is affected by generational differences, not lifecycle effectsCPeople's political ideology is affected by generational differences, not lifecycle effects(Choice D) People's political ideology only changes after major political eventsDPeople's political ideology only changes after major political events
chagne as they age
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of conservative and liberal views concerning social policy? LiberalConservativeAThe federal government should not require an educator to teach evolution if it goes against their religious beliefsThe federal government should allow voluntary prayer in schools for all studentsBThe federal government should not restrict an individual's access to a gunThe federal government should conduct background checks for gun purchasesCThe federal government should legalize and regulate the use of marijuanaThe federal government should decriminalize marijuana and other drugsDThe federal government should allow same-sex marriageThe federal government should restrict marriage to one man and one woman Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Comparison AAComparison A(Choice B) Comparison BBComparison B(Choice C) Comparison CCComparison C(Choice D) Comparison DDComparison D Report a pro
d
Teddy Flood lives in Texas and is voting in the 2018 election. When he gets to the ballot box, he decides to do straight-ticket voting, in which he checks one box to cast a ballot for every candidate from the Democratic party. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) Prospective votingAProspective voting(Choice B) Retrospective votingBRetrospective voting(Choice C, Checked) Party-line votingCParty-line voting(Choice D) Rational choice votingDRational choice voting
party line
In 2010, the Supreme Court issued a controversial decision that struck down a federal law banning corporations and unions from donating to federal elections. Which of the following steps may Congress take to limit the Supreme Court's power? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) pass legislation changing the Court's appellate jurisdictionApass legislation changing the Court's appellate jurisdiction(Choice B) send the case back to a lower court and ignore the Supreme Court's decisionBsend the case back to a lower court and ignore the Supreme Court's decision(Choice C) exercise oversight authority over how each individual justice ruledCexercise oversight authority over how each individual justice ruled(Choice D) filibuster decisions made by the Supreme Court until Congress can pass a new lawDfilibuster decisions made by the Supreme Court until Congress can pass a new law
pass legislation changing the Court's appellate jurisdiction
Which of the following statements best illustrates the concept of issue networks? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) a formal organization in which people join and seek to influence public policy without taking on roles in governmentAa formal organization in which people join and seek to influence public policy without taking on roles in government(Choice B) the longstanding bonds between interest groups, congressional committees, and agencies in particular policy areasBthe longstanding bonds between interest groups, congressional committees, and agencies in particular policy areas(Choice C) the problem when a person not involved in an organization benefits from their fight for a collective goodCthe problem when a person not involved in an organization benefits from their fight for a collective good(Choice D, Checked) the open system of knowledgeable groups and individuals who promote competing policy perspectivesDthe open system of knowledgeable groups and individuals who promote competing policy perspectives
the open system of knowledgeable groups and individuals who promote competing policy perspectives
Bureaucratic rulemaking is best defined as which of the following? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) the practice of hiring and promoting individuals based on their qualifications and job performanceAthe practice of hiring and promoting individuals based on their qualifications and job performance(Choice B) the ability to settle debates between states and agencies on how to implement a lawBthe ability to settle debates between states and agencies on how to implement a law(Choice C) the power to make legally binding standards that all persons under the agency's authority must followCthe power to make legally binding standards that all persons under the agency's authority must follow(Choice D) the authority to decide how to implement a law and decide Congress's intention when it passed the lawDthe authority to decide how to implement a law and decide Congress's intention when it passed the law
the power to make legally binding standards that all persons under the agency's authority must follow