Gen Bio Chapter 11 - Human Organization Quiz

In which direction does a nerve impulse usually move?

dendrite → cell body → axon

Muscles are connected to bones by

tendons

Which is NOT a correct association? (a). adhesion junctions—skin (b). adhesion junctions—bladder (c). gap junctions—stomach (d). tight junctions—intestines (e). tight junctions—bladder

(c). gap junctions—stomach

Which organ is NOT part of the digestive system? (a). kidneys (b). mouth (c). esophagus (d). large intestine (e). pancreas

(a). Kidneys

Which feature(s) helps distinguish the subcutaneous layer from the epidermis and dermis? (a). The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue. (b). The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and contains various sensory receptors. (c). The epidermis is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue. (d). The subcutaneous layer is composed of fibrous connective tissue, such as collagen and elastic fibers. (e). The subcutaneous layer contains melanocytes which will give skin its' pigmentation.

(a). The subcutaneous layer is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue.

A tight junction forms an impermeable barrier between two cells. (a). True (b). False

(a). True

What is the main reason for the presence of a pimple? (a). all of these are reasons for the presence of a pimple (b). increased production of sebum (c). increased levels of hormones (d). the presence of Propionibacterium acnes (e). inflammatory response

(a). all of these are reasons for the presence of a pimple

Why would it make sense to have the birthing process controlled by a positive feedback loop? (a). because there is a definite cutoff point to be reached (b). because birth is a positive experience (c). because there is no sensor involved (d). because there is no stimulus involved (e). because there is a fluctuation of hormones above and below the level necessary to induce birth

(a). because there is a definite cutoff point to be reached

Some very important persons such as Japanese Emperor Hirohito and China's Premier Zhou Enlai were kept alive during their last days by many transfusions of blood. Without knowing further details of their ailments, which of the following functions most likely provided the most significant contribution to keeping them alive? (a). oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying capacity (b). supplement of hormone levels (c). provision of organic nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and fats (d). provision of albumin and fibrinogen (e). provision of immune antibodies

(a). oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying capacity

Which is NOT a true statement about the blood component? (a). Red blood cells provide the major transport for oxygen. (b). Blood contains a matrix of collagen fibers made by cells. (c). Platelets are not complete cells. (d). White blood cells either engulf disease organisms or form antibodies for immunity. (e). Plasma makes up slightly over half of human blood volume to provide a liquid in which blood solids can flow.

(b) Blood contains a matrix of collagen fibers made by cells.

A home heating system is an example of a positive feedback mechanism. (a). True (b). False

(b). False

The endocrine system is the only system that is involved in coordinating and regulating the functioning of all the body's other systems. (a). True (b). False

(b). False

When you drink coffee, which is more acidic than you bloodstream, the pH of your blood drops. (a). True (b). False

(b). False

Which of the following statements is FALSE about homeostasis? (a). Homeostasis is controlled by hormones. (b). Homeostasis is primarily controlled by the circulatory system. (c). Homeostasis holds fluctuations near to the body's average levels. (d). Homeostasis requires coordination between internal organs. (e). Homeostasis is often controlled by negative feedback.

(b). Homeostasis is primarily controlled by the circulatory system.

Usually it is not possible to penetrate inside a body cavity without cutting through protective tissues. However, sperm reach the egg via the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes (oviducts). Without crossing any epidermal barrier, the sperm can find itself inside which body cavity? (a). thoracic (b). pelvic (c). pericardial (d). dorsal (e). pleural

(b). Pelvic

The type of membrane that covers the heart is called a (a). mucous membrane. (b). serous membrane. (c). basement membrane. (d). pleural membrane. (e). plasma membrane.

(b). Serous membrane

Which is NOT a correct description of body cavity partitioning? (a). The meninges protect and isolate the brain and spinal cord. (b). The diaphragm separates the pericardial cavity from the thoracic cavity. (c). The cranial cavity contains the brain. (d). The intestines must share space with the liver and stomach in the abdominal cavity. (e). Reproductive organs are in the pelvic cavity or an extension of it.

(b). The diaphragm separates the pericardial cavity from the thoracic cavity.

Epithelial tissue can be modified to (a). store fat. (b). perform absorption. (c). receive stimuli. (d). move body parts. (e). carry impulses.

(b). perform absorption.

Which of the following is matched to the INCORRECT body system? (a). helps control pH of body fluids—urinary system (b). protects against disease and infections—cardiovascular system (c). produces body heat—muscular system (d). helps regulate metabolism—endocrine system (e). produces blood cells—skeletal system

(b). protects against disease and infections—cardiovascular system

What tissue is found in pads between the vertebrae? (a). Bone (b). Elastic cartilage (c). Fibrocartilage (d). Hyaline cartilage (e). Stratified squamous epithelial tissue

(c). Fibrocartilage

Which type of junction permits small molecules to pass between two cells? (a). desmosome (b). tight junction (c). gap junction (d). intercalated disk (e). cross junction

(c). Gap Junction

Which are cell fragments that help initiate blood clotting? (a). Erythrocytes (b). Leukocytes (c). Platelets (d). Osteocytes (e). Fibroblasts

(c). Platelets

Which is a correct description of muscle tissues? (a). Cardiac muscle is found in the heart, blood vessels, and nerves leading to the heart. (b). Smooth muscle is voluntary and represented by most skeletal muscles. (c). Skeletal muscle cells are often striated or banded where actin and myosin filaments overlap. (d). Smooth muscle cells contain many nuclei because many cells fused into one fiber. (e). Skeletal muscle cells are branched and tangled and bound end-to-end at intercalated disks.

(c). Skeletal muscle cells are often striated or banded where actin and myosin filaments overlap.

What is the numerical relationship of neuroglial cells compared to neurons? (a). Because they are big, one neuroglial cell can serve many neurons so there are about nine neurons for every neuroglial cell. (b). There are about an equal number of both; each neuron has a companion neuroglial cell. (c). There are about 9 neuroglial cells for every neuron. (d). The numbers vary widely from animal to animal and depend on how large the animal is. (e). Brain volume is made of approximately two thirds neurons and one third neuroglial cells.

(c). There are about 9 neuroglial cells for every neuron.

The disruption of homeostasis can lead to what type of disease that can be life-threatening, but usually occurs and is resolved quickly? (a). chronic (b). systemic (c). acute (d). localized (e). simple

(c). acute

Name the tissue in which the cells are separated by a liquid. (a). cartilage (b). nerve (c). blood (d). muscle (e). bone

(c). blood

Bone (a). is made of only a hard matrix of inorganic (mainly calcium) salts. (b). lacks the collagen fibers found in cartilage. (c). is laden with blood vessels and canaliculi to deliver nutrients. (d). is built by bone cells called osteons. (e). is formed by concentric rings of bone cells in canaliculi.

(c). is laden with blood vessels and canaliculi to deliver nutrients.

Which of the following associations is NOT correct? (a). collagen—white fibers (b). elastin—yellow fibers (c). large matrix—epithelial tissue (d). muscle—contraction (e). nerve—impulse conduction

(c). large matrix—epithelial tissue

Which of the following tissues is INCORRECTLY matched with a function? (a). epithelial—capillary lining (b). connective—storage of fat (c). muscle—protection from pathogens (d). nervous—integration of data (e). connective—production of blood cells

(c). muscle—protection from pathogens

Collagenous and elastic fibers are found in what type of tissue? (a). Epithelial (b). Muscle (c). Nerve (d). Connective (e). Simple Squamous

(d). Connective

Which type of tissue has cube-shaped cells and lines kidney tubules? (a). Hyaline cartilage (b). Nerve tissue (c). Columnar epithelium (d). Cuboidal epithelium (e). Squamous epithelium

(d). Cuboidal epithelium

Which is NOT a correct description of cartilage? (a). Hyaline cartilage is white and translucent and found at the ends of long bones. (b). Hyaline cartilage contains only very fine collagen fibers. (c). Fibrocartilage contains strong collagen fibers. (d). Fibrocartilage forms the nose. (e). Elastic cartilage forms the flexible outer ear.

(d). Fibrocartilage forms the nose.

Dendrites and an axon are parts of a(n) (a). epithelial cell. (b). muscle cell. (c). reproductive cell. (d). neuron. (e). cartilage cell.

(d). Neuron.

During a medical test for spinal meningitis the physician orders a "spinal tap". What cavity would he be removing the fluid from? (a). thoracic (b). abdominal (c). pericardial (d). dorsal (e). pleural

(d). dorsal

Glands that secrete their products into ducts are classified as (a). serous glands. (b). mucous glands. (c). endocrine glands. (d). exocrine glands. (e). salivary glands.

(d). exocrine glands.

Which function is NOT correctly matched to its type of tissue? (a). Adipose tissue stores fat. (b). Reticular connective tissue produces blood cells. (c). Connective tissues bind organs together and provide support and protection. (d). Loose fibrous connective tissue encloses internal organs including muscles. (e). Dense connective tissue is muscle that contracts.

(e). Dense connective tissue is muscle that contracts.

Which type of tissue contains cells close together and connected to a basement membrane? (a). Hyaline cartilage (b). Elastic cartilage (c). Muscle tissue (d). Nerve tissue (e). Epithelial tissue

(e). Epithelial tissue

Which of the following function would not be lost or seriously compromised if someone suffered a severe burn over most of their body? (a). prevention of heat and water loss (b). prevention of massive and continuous infection from invasion by external bacteria, viruses, and parasites (c). production of sweat that evaporates and cools the body when it is overheating (d). protection of muscle and other surface tissues from abrasion and pain (e). exchange of gases

(e). exchange of gases

If you wash your skin and hair many times a day, you will soon have dry skin that cracks and bleeds because you have removed the _____ secreted by ______ that is necessary to keep the skin supple. (a). salty sweat; sweat glands (b). pili; erectors (c). lymph; lymphatic ducts (d). sebum; sweat glands (e). sebum; oil glands

(e). sebum; oil glands

To which system do the kidneys and bladder belong?

Urinary