Gender Studies - Exam 2 Study Guide
Look carefully at your notes from the Stonewall video and at the section on the Stonewall riots in your text. What did the riots accomplish? How was propaganda used during the 1950s and 1960s? What was the outcome of this use of propaganda?
The riots accomplish the emergence of the LGBTQQIA community in the United States of America. That gays are as strong and masculine as the straight men. More people joined groups and they continue to increase.
What is significant about the Black Lives Matter movement?
The significance of black lives matter is that it supports black people to get a new system that does not racial profile them and they say that, "we who believe in freedom know we cannot rest until justice is won".
Be able to define what white privilege and provide examples.
Advantages that white people enjoy simply because they are white. In the grocery store the Asian and Mexican are labeled as culturally instead of it being part of the grocery store.
What is the rule of masculine self-restraint?
Ancient Roman Rule of sexual conduct in which a free-born man should limit sexual activity
What did the poll of African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians on racial tension find? Lee identifies particular percentages related to these ethnic groups' understanding of racial tensions.
The poll data clearly shows that their is racial tension in the United States among the African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians. 93% is hispansics. 92% is African Americans. 73% Asian
Also, be clear about the stereotypes used to discuss Latinos and Latinas
Latinos stereotypes is perceived as a threat is America from their inner strengths. Latinas are submissive, modest, self sacrificing.
Be able to differentiate among the LGBTQQIAA
Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer Questioning Intersexual Asexual Ally
What is the bamboo ceiling?
Limitations as to how Asians are limited in the workplace to tech positions and not necessarily management positions, holding them back from potential job opportunities and advancements.
Be sure you understand (page 159 in your text and lecture) the paradox of blue-collar work erosion and increased praise for blue-collar culture.
Blue collar jobs are disappearing but at the same times they are being celebrated for hard work and labor
What is the mummy-baby relationship? Where does this take place? Why is it supported?
Modern practice in certain African countries between adolescent girls and young women in which one takes on the role of "mommy" and the other of "baby". Often emotionally and physically intimate, sometimes sexual/erotic.
Adrienne Rich talks extensively about compulsory heterosexuality. What is it? What does she mean by the lesbian continuum?
The definition of compulsory heterosexuality is to refer to the fact that economic, social, and political forces "have enforced or insured the coupling of women with men". The definition of lesbian continuum is "a range - through each woman's life and throughout history - of woman identified experience". Inclusive of homo-social bonds both sexual and nonsexual - everything from heterosexual friendship to "bonding against male tyranny" to lesbian sexual relationships.
Understand the differences between the stereotypes used in relation to African American women (Welfare queen, Matriarch, Sapphire)
Welfare queen is lazy and exploitative Matriarch is controlling and emasculating Sapphire is fiery, unapologetic, and successful
what is essentialsm? How is it used?
a fixed of unchanging property or set properties that necessarily make something or some organism what it is.
Know what is meant by total discrimination
effect of current and past discrimination
What are microaggressions? Provide an example
indirect, subtle, or unintentional discrimination against members of a marginalized group
What is meant by Hijra?
people are born male but adopt the female dress and they undergo removal of their penis and testicles in a sacrifice to the Hindu goddess Bahuchara Mata.
How much of a rise did the top 1% experience in after tax income between 1979 and 2006.
received 36% of household income and 53% for all economic gains. The increase was roughly about 17% increase.
What did Padavic and Butterfield dins are the barriers to motherhood identity for lesbian women. Know all of them.
society promotes motherhood ideology that is in law / politics, heteronormativity language norms of one mother and one father legal system has been big hurdle for same sex partners
What is queer theory?
"An approach to social and cultural study which seeks to challenge or deconstruct traditional ideas of sexuality and gender, especially the acceptance of heterosexuality as normative and the perception of a rigid dichotomy of male and female traits"
What is sexual stigma according to Gregory Herek?
"Negative regard, inferior status, and relative powerlessness that society collectively accords to any non-heterosexual behavior, identity, relationship, or community.
Be able to discuss what is meant by the Latino threat narrative.
"illegal aliens" from Latin america were flooding the United States of America with the goal of reconquering the United States of America and return it to Mexico.
What does Duneier in Sidewalk mean by "broken windows" interpretation of the streets. Does he support the analysis?
Broken windows theory is about how bad neighborhoods have no community. He does not support the analysis because he thinks that communities have broken windows are not as bad as they think they are.
Know the examples of anti-Asian sentiment presented in lecture (Chinese Exclusion Act, 1942 Executive Order 9066).
Chinese Exclusion Act is suspended the immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years and barred Chinese immigrants from naturalizing. 1942 Executive order 9066 is the military detained Japanese Americans in internment camps during WW2, they found it necessary to protect domestic espionage
What do your authors say about poverty and public school students?
Education is money, half of all public student kids come from families in poverty. 2017 census 39.7 people were in poverty
Know the difference between internalized homophobia and institutionalized homophobia.
Internalized homophobia is a homo-negative attitudes directed toward oneself. Institutionalized homophobia is a cultural ideology that is embodied in institutional practices that disadvantage sexual minority groups even in the absence of individual prejudice or discrimination. For example, the denial of same-sex marriage rights by law does not require prejudice against gay people by an individual judge who might otherwise marry a gay couple."
What did Benson find in her study of gender in Garden City, Kansas?
Lo land law migrants and how they change over time. They were middle class and took on lower status jobs.
Know how the idea of the matrix of domination is related to intersectionality
Matrix of domination occurs of several levels; personal biography, community, and social institution. This is related to intersectionality because oppression to happens within the groups.
Are masculine norms related to anti-lesbian attitudes? When and how or why not?
No masculine norms are not related to anti-lesbian attitudes, maybe anti-gay attitudes. The reason it is not because masculine males perceive gay men as a threat to patriarchal privilege and status.
Know the difference between the terms race and ethnicity and be clear about their definition (both from the text and lecture)
Race is change from society to society - signals distinctions in power and prestige Ethnicity is defined by cultural characteristics.
What is it meant by the term model minority? When is this term used?
Stereotype of Asian Americans as hard working, academically superior, and professionally successful.
What are the three findings that Pyke and Johnson find in their study of second generation Asian American women?
Strategies for "doing gender" assumptions about gender and in the mainstream and ethnic settings how they think of their gender selves
Know what Hill Collins means by the myth of the Strong Black Woman
The Black women can do it all on their own
Know the difference between the Kinsey Scale, the Klein Grid, and Storms's Scale
The Kinsey scale is a seven point scale to measure sexual orientation developed by Alfred Kinsey in which individuals are assigned ratings from exclusively heterosexual (0) to exclusively homosexual (7). The Klein Grid is a tool to measure sexual orientation developed by Fritz Klein in which seven dimensions are assessed during the past, the present, and the person's ideal: (1) sexual attraction, (2) sexual behavior, (3) sexual fantasies, (4) emotional preference, (5) social preference, (6) self-identification, and (7) heterosexual/homosexual lifestyle. The Storms's Scale is a scale that was developed by Michael D. Storms to measure sexual orientation based on the type, extent, and frequency of a person's erotic fantasies. Classifies people as relatively homosexual, bisexual, asexual, or heterosexual. Homoeroticism and heteroeroticism are independent variables, so a person can be high in both (bisexual), low in both (asexual), or high in one and low in the other (homosexual/heterosexual)
Look at the text page 157. What does it mean to say that the top 5% of the population controls 72% of the wealth?
The upper class controls most the wealth that suppose to be distributed, which makes it harder for lower class to move higher up in the society
According to Kinsman, what are the factors responsible for the emergence of the modern homosexual?
The varying ways the marriages has functioned in the West.
I described differences among Asian immigrants in education and work abilities. What are the differences between the Southeast Asians and other, earlier, Asian immigrants?
Their is pattern of settlement in the west of The United States. Indochinese is less educated than other groups. They have the youngest of the age groups.
How are issues of sovereignty and colonialism related to sexism and oppression for American Indian Women?
They like the group but they do not like the limitations of the women that singles them to one and limits them.
To what extent is having a positive lesbian or gay identity linked with feeling less stigmatized? Does this also equate to experiencing less discrimination?
They would feel like less stigmatized because they are more comfortable in their skin but it does not mean that they will experience less discrimination