Genetics Lab Quizzes 1-5

A fruitfly is found to have the genotype AaBbHHKk. How many different gamete genotypes could this fly produce? a) 4 b) 8 c) 16 d) 24

b) 8

You cross a 1000 homozygous black bodied fly w/ a 1000 homozygous wild type fly through the F2 generation. The results of you F2 cross are: 228 Black bodied flies 720 Wild type flies You anticipate a 3:1 ratio. In completing a chi-square calculation, what would be you EXPECTED values?

Expected value for Black bodied flies: 237 Expected value for Wild type flies: 711

T/F 2:1 is a "signature: ratio for the Incomplete Mode of Inheritance.

False

Match each of the following "signature" ratios w/ the Mode of Inheritance. Recessive Lethal = Incomplete Dominant = Dominant/Recessive =

Recessive Lethal = 2:1 Incomplete Dominant = 1:2:1 Dominant/Recessive = 3:1

Diploid organisms have ___________________ possible genotypes at each locus. a) 2 b) 1 c) 4 d) 3

d) 3

Which of the following crosses is the most useful for solving a 3-point mapping problem? a) AABbCc x aaBbcc b) AaBbCc x AaBbCc c) aabbcc x aabbcc d) AaBaCc x aabbcc

d) AaBaCc x aabbcc

wild, wild, wild: 340 wild, singed, wild: 93 wild, wild, sable: 4 wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 scalloped, wild, sable: 83 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 total: 946 The distance between the locus for singed (g) and the locus for scalloped (c) is ________________ map units?

27.38 MU

In fruit flies, bristle shape is found to be incompletely dominant with bent bristled flies being heterozygous. For eye color, orange is dominant over wild in a simple Mendelian fashion. Assume that two bent bristled, orange eyed flies (standard F1 cross) are mated, how many of their 560 progeny would you expect to be bent bristled, oranged eyed?

210

In a recent survey of students in General Genetics, 236 identified themselves are female and 222 as male. Use Chi-Squared analysis to determine if this sample fits an expected ratio of 1:1. The Observed Chi-Squared calculated from these data is ____? a) 3.84 b) 0.43 c) 0.22 d) 13.56

b) 0.43

A fruitfly is found to have the genotype AaBbCc. How many different gamete genotypes could this fly produce? a) 4 b) 8 c) 16 d) 24

b) 8

A person w/ the phenotype of AB for blood type has the genotype AB. What is the relationship between the A allele and B allele? a) dominant/recessive b) co-dominant c) incompletely dominant d) additive

b) co-dominant

What type of dominance is demonstrated by the progeny expressing the phenotype of both parents? a) recessive b) incomplete dominance c) complete dominance d) codominance

d) codominance

For the Mendelian option, the Fly Colony program is designed so that the F1 progeny are all heterozygotes. This results stimulates exactly what happens if we were crossing real flies and occurs because one Parent is ________________ dominant while the other is selected to be _____________ recessive. a) homozygous/heterozygous b) heterozygous/homozygous c) heterozygous/heterozygous d) homozygous/homozygous

d) homozygous/homozygous

Three loci are found to be located (linked) on Chromosome 2 in fruit flies. At locus 1, wild is dominant over scalloped (a). For locus 2, wild is dominant over singed (b) and for locus 3, wild is dominant over sable (c). Assume that a standard linkage cross is made and the following progeny are produced: wild, wild, wild: 340 wild, singed, wild: 93 wild, wild, sable: 4 wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 scalloped, wild, sable: 83 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 total: 946 Which phenotypes are the parental (P1) phenotypes? Which phenotypes are the double crossover (DCO) phenotypes? Which phenotypes are the single crossover (SCO1 & SCO2) phenotypes?

parental: wild, wild, wild: 340 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 DCO: wild, wild, sable: 4 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 SCO1: wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 SCO2: wild, singed, wild: 93 scalloped, wild, sable: 83

In fruit flies, bristle shape is found to be incompletely dominant with wild being homozygous (+,+), mildly bent being heterozygous (+,b) and fully bent bristles flies being homozygous (b,b). For mandible size, wild type is heterozygous (+,m), short is homozygous (+,+) and long is homozygous (m,m). Assume that two mildly bristled, wild mandible flies (standard F1 cross) are mated, how many of their 500 progeny would you expect to be mildly bristled, wild mandible?

125

In fruit flies, bristle shape is found to be incompletely dominant with wild being homozygous (+,+), mild being heterozygous (+,b) and bent bristles being homozygous (b,b). For eye color, orange is dominant over wild in a simple Mendelian fashion. Assume that two mild bristled, orange eyed flies (standard F1 cross) are mated, how many of their 720 progeny would you expect to be wild bristled, orange eyed?

135...

wild, wild, wild: 340 wild, singed, wild: 93 wild, wild, sable: 4 wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 scalloped, wild, sable: 83 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 total: 946 The distance between the locus for singed (g) and the locus for sable (b) is ________________ map units?

19.77 MU

In fruit flies, bristle shape is found to be incompletely dominant with wild being homozygous (+,+), mildly bent being heterozygous (+,b) and fully bent bristles being homozygous (b,b). For eye color, orange is dominant over wild in a simple Mendelian fashion. Assume that two mildly bristled, orange eyed flies (standard F1 cross) are mated, how many of their 560 progeny would you expect to be bent bristled, wild eyed?

35

wild, wild, wild: 340 wild, singed, wild: 93 wild, wild, sable: 4 wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 scalloped, wild, sable: 83 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 total: 946 The distance between the locus for scalloped (c) and the locus for sable (b) is ________________ map units?

7.61 MU

In fruit flies, bristle shape is found to be incompletely dominant with wild being homozygous (+,+), mild being heterozygous (+,b) and bent bristles flies being homozygous (b,b). For mandible size, wild type is heterozygous (+,m), short is homozygous (+,+) and long is homozygous (m,m). Assume that two mild bristled, wild mandible flies (standard F1 cross) are mated, how many of their 560 progeny would you expect to be bent bristled, wild mandible?

70

Assume that allele A is dominant to a, & B is dominant to b. Match each of the following crosses w/ the expected phenotypic ratio. AaBb x aabb = Aabb x AaBb = AaBb x AaBb =

AaBb x aabb = 1:1:1:1 Aabb x AaBb = 3:1:3:1 AaBb x AaBb = 9:3:3:1

T/F Imagine you are conducting an experiment where you hypothesize that apples weigh more than bananas on average. After calculating the weight of 100 apples and 100 bananas you find the average weight of apples is 200 grams & the average weight of bananas is 100 grams. You conduct a statistical test and find this difference is significant according to the test. You have proven that apples weigh more than bananas and this is now a scientific fact.

False

T/F The most useful cross for solving a 3-point mapping problem is the Trihybrid Recessive Backcross.

True

T/F The degrees of freedom is calculated by subtracting 1 from the number of phenotypic classes.

True

A fruitfly is found to have the genotype FFGGHhRR. How many different gamete genotypes could this fly produce? a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 16

a) 2

In peas, Round seeds are dominant over Wrinkled, and Yellow is dominant over Green. A wrinkled, yellow (aaBb) plant is crossed with a round, yellow(AaBb) plant and a large number of offspring are produced. Given the results below, calculate the overall Chi-Squared (observed) value for these data. Hint: You will first need to determine the expected Phenotypic ratio for this cross. Offspring Phenotypes 397 Wrinkled, Yellow 68 Wrinkled, Green 261 Round, Yellow 90 Round, Green a) 46.43 b) 1.48 c) 4.23 d) 7.68

a) 46.43

In fruit flies 2N = a) 8 b) 6 c) 4 d) 2

a) 8

In a dihybrid cross, if 2 heterozygotes (for both genes) are crossed once, what will be the expected phenotypic ratios? (In the following order: dom for both traits: dom for the first trait recessive for the second: recessive for the first dom for the second: recessive for both traits) a) 9:3:3:1 b) 1:2:2:1 c) 1:1:1:1 d) 16:4:4:1

a) 9:3:3:1

Which of Mendel's Big Six crosses yield only one phenotype? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a) P1 b) dominant backcross c) F1 d) Pure a e) recessive backcross f) Pure A

a) P1 b) dominant backcross d) Pure a f) Pure A

Which chromosome pair functions as the sex chromosomes in fruit flies? a) Pair 1 b) Pair 2 c) Pair 3 d) Pair 4

a) Pair 1

In fruitflies, Wild Eye is dominant over Sepia eye. Wild Wing is dominant over Rough Wing. Using the Electronic Fly Colony you select the following Parental cross: Sepia, Wild Male x Wild, Rough Female Select the 2 genotypes that would produce these phenotypes. a) aaBB male b) AAbb female c) AABB male d) aabb female

a) aaBB male b) AAbb female

__________________ Ratios can be produced from two or more Segregation Ratios. a) assortment b) product c) dominant d) recessive

a) assortment

The primary cross that we will use throughout this lab to examine linkage is the ___________________. a) dihybrid recessive backcross b) dihybrid dominant backcross c) standard F1 dihybrid cross

a) dihybrid recessive backcross

An allele is: a) one of several possible forms of a gene b) another word for a gene c) a heterozygous genotype d) position of a gene/mutation

a) one of several possible forms of a gene

What do you call a physical expression of a gene? a) phenotype b) genotype c) homolog

a) phenotype

Mendel's principle that states that only one of two alleles for a particular gene is distributed into each gamete is called The Law of ___________________. a) segregation b) independent assortment c) separation d) distribution

a) segregation

The Fly Colony module used this week has a major difference from the previous weeks. Once you select a F1 offspring to use as an F2 parent, the program automatically selects the other parent to be a ______________ ___________ ____________ genotype. This choice assures that the expected final assortment ratio will always be 1:1:1:1. a) dihybrid double dominant b) dihybrid double recessive c) dihybrid heterozygote

b) dihybrid double recessive

wild, wild, wild: 340 wild, singed, wild: 93 wild, wild, sable: 4 wild, singed, sable: 24 scalloped, wild, wild: 37 scalloped, singed, wild: 7 scalloped, wild, sable: 83 scalloped, singed, sable: 358 total: 946 scalloped (c), singed (g), sable (b) The order of the three loci is: a) c-g-b b) g-b-c c) b-c-g

b) g-b-c

Linkage is considered to be a violation of Mendel's Principle of _____________________ a) acquired characteristics b) independent assortment c) dominance d) segregation

b) independent assortment

You cross 1000 fruit flies w/ the genotype Aa and obtain the following results: AA: 219 Aa: 511 What mode of inheritance best fits these results? a) sex-linked b) lethal alleles c) medellian dominance d) not enough information to determine

b) lethal alleles

A sex-linked trait is expressed more often in __________________. a) adults b) males c) mutants d) females

b) males

A locus is found that controls body color. The gray allele at this locus also acts as a recessive lethal. The term given in cases such as this, when one locus affects multiple traits, is _________________. a) dominant b) pleiotrophy c) co-dominant d) recessive

b) pleiotrophy

You have performed a dihybrid recessive backcross, and find that you do NOT get a 1:1:1:1 ratio. This means: a) the genes are NOT linked, they are on the same chromosome b) the genes are linked, they are on the same chromosome c) the genes are linked, they are on different chromosomes d) the genes are NOT linked, they are on different chromosomes

b) the genes are linked, they are on the same chromosome

When each parent has one mutant allele and one wild type allele, the configuration is referred to as ____________________. a) cis or coupled b) trans or repulsed c) complementation d) simple mendelian

b) trans or repulsed

Linkage occurs because: a) two genes are physically close together on the chromosome, therefore always recombine in the same way b) two genes are physically close together on the chromosome, therefore are unlikely to do recombination c) chromosome arms can get twisted together and do not separate correctly during meiosis

b) two genes are physically close together on the chromosome, therefore are unlikely to do recombination

A fruitfly is found to have the genotype AaBbCCDdEe. How many different gamete genotypes could this fly produce? a) 4 b) 8 c) 16 d) 24

c) 16

A somatic cell of a male fruit fly has how many autosomes? a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8

c) 6

In peas, Round seeds are dominant over Wrinkled, and Yellow is dominant over Green. A wrinkled, yellow (aaBb) plant is crossed with a round, yellow(AaBb) plant and a large number of offspring are produced. Given the results below, calculate the overall Chi-Squared (observed) value for these data. Hint: You will first need to determine the expected Phenotypic ratio for this cross. Offspring Phenotypes 250 Wrinkled, Yellow 150 Wrinkled, Green 250 Round, Yellow 150 Round, Green a) 46.43 b) 4.23 c) 66.67 d) 7.68

c) 66.67

In fruitflies, Wild Eye is dominant over Sepia eye. Wild Wing is dominant over Rough Wing. Using the Electronic Fly Colony you select the following Parental cross: Wild, Wild Male x Sepia, Rough Female Select the 2 genotypes that would produce these phenotypes. a) aaBB male b) AAbb female c) AABB male d) aabb female

c) AABB male d) aabb female

Assortment Ratios can be produced from two or more Segregation Ratios using the _______________ Rule. a) division b) subtraction c) multiplication d) addition

c) multiplication

The basic dominant/recessive relationship is also commonly referred to as ______________________ a) common type b) incomplete dominance c) simple mendelian d) codominance

c) simple mendelian

The "standard" phenotype for a trait is referred to as _________________. a) common type b) normal c) wild type

c) wild type