GEOG 1001, exam 1, LSU Richardson
formal
A climate region of the world is a _________ region.
toponym
A name of a place, or place-name, is referred to as a:
literacy, life expectancy, infant mortality
A number of social scientists suggest that we should measure more than wealth in our assessment of development. What else should we access to economic growth?
functional
A public school district in the United States is a _________ region.
perceptual region
A region that people may imagine to exist, such as "Dixie", is a:
10%
According to a 2008 European Commission study, what percentage of the world's population is more than 2 days' travel time from a city of 50,000 people or more?
true
All maps are distorted in area size or direction or both. They are all inaccurate. (T/F)
digital divide
Although people in remote locations have gained connection through Internet access and mobile phone usage, there is a notable disparity between the average bandwidth and accessibility, creating what is referred to as the:
above 40
Approximately, how many landlocked countries are in the world?
agricultural, industrial, service
As a country or area develops, the nature of the economy changes or progresses through a series of stages. Select the correct order of these stages:
the US
As a percentage of GNI, which of the following countries contributes the most total dollars in foreign aid?
participation
Besides being problematic in its own right, top-down development often experienced a lack of ________ that inhibited the longer-term sustainability of programs because local people had little interest in maintaining projects they did not initiate or request.
remote sensing
Collecting data for research or mapping by using instruments that are far from the area of study is called:
it had a global reach
Colonizers focused on gaining lands to establish large-scale agricultural production in the Americas and to establish trading posts for the Atlantic slave trade in Africa and ports for the spice trade in Asia. What best describes this trading system?
relationships
Development ideas that emphasize structure, or the global framework under which countries operate, say that the ______ between countries are as or more important than internal policies for deterring the future development of a country.
false
Due to every sovereign state having a vote, the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) tend to be more democratic than the UN. (T/F)
Atlantic
During the Age of Exploration, stretching from the 1400s to the 1900s, which of the following regions was the focal point for global trade and exchange of culture?
true
Fieldwork and field studies are still critical to research by geographers in the 21st century. (T/F)
Africa and Asia
Following WWII, many formerly colonized countries became independent states. Where was the greatest concentration of these countries?
space
Geography is the study of people, place, environment, and:
Japanese
Globalization included colonial empires such as the Ottoman in Southwest Asia, the French in the Margheb, and the ________ in the Pacific.
manufactured goods, slaves, commodities (cotton, tobacco, rice, etc.)
Identify the correct trade flow in the triangular trading system amongst Europe--> Africa--> the Americas--> Europe, which ultimately helped establish the foundations of the capitalized world economy.
United Nations
In 1945, following the world wars, this organization had 51 member countries; in 2015, membership has grown to 193 members.
need for resources and tribute
In early history (dating back to the Greeks and Romans), the primary purpose or reason for colonialism was:
in response to a significant increase in gasoline prices
In general, Americans change their behavior by increasing their use of public transportation and purchasing more fuel-efficient vehicles:
physical
Interpreting the impact off tectonic activity on the landforms of East Africa would probably be the work of a ______ geographer.
expensive
Landlocked countries face particular exporting problems because both time and money are required to cross country borders, making transportation:
site and situation
Local factors have a significant influence on a place; 2 geographic terms that describe these local factors are:
small scale
Map that shows a whole area (ex. a map of a city)
large scale
Map that shows more detail (ex. a map of a neighborhood)
territory
Modern colonialism began in 15th century Europe. It was different from the Roman or any other preceding empire because the focus in this modern era was specifically on gaining:
Australia and New Zealand
Most developed countries are located in the Northern Hemisphere. Which of the following are notable exceptions?
true
Nations within countries are not granted representation in the UN, making it difficult for these groups to gain independence. Some examples include the Kurds of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria; the Tibetans of China; or the Basques of Spain and France.
longitude and latitude
One method of finding absolute location on a map is by using:
concentric (like a bulls-eye)
One way geographers have thought about scale is by using ______ circles to represent the finest resolution of scale, from the individual at the center out to the global scale.
Spain-1500s; the Netherlands-1600s; Great Britain-1700s and 1800s; and the United States- 1900s
Political scientists outlined 4 hegemons between 1500 and 2000. Select the correct match of country and century below.
thematic
Relative locations of places are shown on what type of map?
human constructs
Research in new regional geography sees regions as:
inexpensive oil prices
Suburbs, large roads, limited sidewalks, and a near lack of public transportation characterize the US. These aspects are largely the result of:
human geography
The 2 major fields of study within geography are physical geography and:
Lorenz
The 45 degree line of the ________ curve represents perfect equality, where equal portions of the population control equal amount of income.
true
The Opium War (1839-1842) between Great Britain and China originated when the Chinese banned opium sales in China due to public health concerns. However, Britain's main concern was the huge trade deficit it was running with China. (T/F)
true
The World Bank was initially created to provide loans for reconstruction and development following WWII. (T/F)
gross national income (GNI)
The ________ per capita is the most widely accepted way of measuring wealth by countries in the world today because the statistic tries to account for the flow of wealth in our globalized world.
both socioeconomic and political
The divide between the Global North (developed countries) and the Global South (developing countries) is a _______ categorization between wealthy and poorer countries.
level of education
The effects of global climate change will be distributed unevenly across the planet. Which of the following is not a factor contributing to the vulnerability of a group of people?
Spain and Portugal
The first wave of colonialism was sparked by these European colonial powers.
anthropocene
The influence of human behavior on earth since the Industrial Revolution in the late 1700s is so significant that it constitutes a new geological era called the:
expansion
The map of world religions demonstrates the role of ___________ diffusion of ideas.
what a place is like
The perception of place refers to a way people construct their ideas about:
environment
The physical context of the earth refers to:
glocalization
The process of a company adapting its product to meet the demands of local culture is known as:
urban hierarchies
The relative importance of cities over smaller towns and rural areas is referred to as:
hierarchical diffusion
The spread of Christianity from its hearth in Jerusalem to people and lands along the northern Mediterranean Sea is a good example of:
regional geography
The study of oxisols in the tropics is an example of research and understanding in:
cultural landscape
The terraced rice fields of Ifugao Province in the Philippines is an example of:
place
The uniqueness of a location and its shaping refers to:
cultural
The visible imprint of people on the surface of the earth is seen in the _____ landscape.
reference
There are 2 basic types of maps: thematic maps and _________ maps.
economies were focused on tourism
There were 2 waves of colonialism between 1500 and 1975. Which of the following is not true of the 1st wave (1500-1825)?
the United Nations (UN)
To "maintain international peace and security," "to develop friendly relations among nations," to "achieve international cooperations" in order to solve economic and social problems, and to "be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends," was the mission statement for this organization following WWII.
enhance connectivity for some communities while marginalizing others
Transportation networks may be intentionally designed to:
precipitation
Using physical geography to define world regions, a geographer may use:
historical spatial interaction
We can see places that were tied together and places that were not, by studying:
space
What do abstract connections and constructs of time, distance, and relations refer to?
modifiable areal unit problem
What does MAUP stand for?
European powers arbitrarily divided the world's second-largest continent among themselves.
What does the term "Scramble for Africa" refer to?
industrialization
What fueled the 2nd wave of colonization in the 2nd half of the 19th century?
formal region
What is an area of land distinguished by either cultural or physical traits or criteria?
by sea
What is the cheapest method to transport heavy goods and materials?
spatial interaction
What is the degree of contact between people and places?
Haiti
What is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere?
The Security Council's decisions are some of the most politicized.
What is the practical result of the UN Security Council being dominated by only 5 countries (the US, France, the UK, China, and Russia) with permanent seats and veto power?
Human Development Index (HDI)
What tool assesses life expectancy, literacy, years of schooling, and per capita GNI?
Chile
Which country has the highest Gross National Income (GNI) in South America?
climate and landforms
Which of the following could a physical geographer study?
hub-and-spoke system
Which of the following describes a type of transportation network where a few large, central nodes are connected to smaller points?
globalization
Which of the following describes the process of heightening interactions, increasing interdependence, and deepening relations across country boundaries?
time-space compression
Which of the following describes the process that accelerates the experience of time and reduces the significance of distance in information technology networks?
China
Which of the following is a good example of a country that moved from the periphery to the semi-periphery as it increasingly engaged in manufacturing and became a major global exporter, as exemplified by the heavy freight traffic in Hong Kong Harbor?
hegemon
Which of the following is a term often used by geographers to describe the dominance of one state on the global stage?
states (countries) play an increasingly significant role in world trade.
Which of the following is not consistent with strong globalization?
International Reserve Bank
Which of the following is not one of the 3 financial institutions that came into existence as a result of the Bretton Woods conference at the close of WWII?
it would have been worse if the country had not enacted tough building codes in 1985.
Which of the following is not true about the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010?
the Tibetan Plateau
Which of the following is the most remote place in the world (in terms of the number of people who live far from a city of 50,000 or more)?
backwash effect
Which of the following is the negative impact on a region from economic growth in another region?
world-systems theory
Which of the following offers a geography for dependency theory by depicting the world in terms of the core, semi-periphery, and periphery?
Luxembourg and Switzerland
Which of the following pairs are 2 of the wealthiest countries in the world that are also landlocked?
China has grown as a global epicenter of manufacturing, and its entrepreneurs are some of the biggest investors in the world.
Why do some scholars think China will supersede the US as the dominant world superpower?
Per capita
_______ (or per person) basis allows comparisons between countries regardless of population size.
Thinking geographically
_______ means considering and understanding the context of what is going on in the world.
Cartography
__________ is the sub discipline of geography concerned with the construction of maps.