Geog 202 Final

Which statement is true regarding the religious geography of South Asia?

A predominately Hindu India is flanked by Muslim Pakistan and Bangladesh.

Which of the following is the organization that has done the most to give Southeast Asia regional coherence and to reduce geopolitical problems in the region?

ASEAN

Why is extremely intensive farming practiced in Japan?

Agriculture must share Japan's limited lowlands with cities and suburbs.

According to your textbook, which of the following South Asian countries is the poorest as evaluated by several development measures?

Bangladesh

South Asia recently surpassed East Asia as the world's most populated region. According to your textbook, which of the following South Asian countries would rank among the world's 10 most populated countries?

Bangladesh India Pakistan

Considered part of insular Southeast Asia, Malaysia is split between the mainland Malay Peninsula and what island?

Borneo

Following independence from British rule in 1947, South Asia was partitioned into two separate countries: India and Pakistan. Which of the following statements best explains why these new countries' boundaries were drawn the way they were?

Boundaries were drawn in a way that would create one Hindu-majority country and one Muslim-majority country.

In the 1700s, European colonialists took advantage of political and military turmoil throughout South Asia. The most successful exploitation was by a private organization that acted as an arm of its government. What was the name of this organization?

British East India Company

Which two countries were once French colonies?

Cambodia and Vietnam

Invaluable forests throughout Southeast Asia have been destroyed over the past 50 years. Which of the following countries is the main importer of Southeast Asian wood products?

China

Which two countries in East Asia are sparring over the right to control the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands?

China and Japan

What ethnic group immigrated into Southeast Asia (peaking in the 19th century) where they now form a large urban minority?

Chinese

Which of the following energy sources supplies the bulk of China's energy needs?

Coal

The rapid economic expansion in China has benefitted which region of China the most?

Coastal cities and provinces have experienced the bulk of economic growth.

What has been the main force driving deforestation in Malaysia?

Commercial logging for export

Where do most South Asians live?

Compact rural villages

In South Asia, the two largest religions found are Hindu and Islam. Which of the following is NOT one of the other religions found in the region?

Confucianism

What is the objective of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)?

Encourage geopolitical cooperation and regional unity

South Asia's linguistic geography is diverse, but one language serves as the chief integrating language in the domain. What is this "neutral" language?

English

What is the language that is most often used in the East Asia region between nationals of different countries, such as business meetings between Chinese, Japanese, and Korean firms?

English

Which of the following statements is true regarding agricultural practices in East Asian countries?

Farming practices are extremely intensive and constrained to lowlands.

Where would you most likely find "hutments" in Mumbai?

Formerly busy sidewalks or along busy roadways

The first major external influence on Southeast Asia was the arrival and establishment of which of the following?

Hindu kingdoms roughly 2,000 years ago

Which of the following groups was/were behind the formation of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)?

Hindu nationalists

What is the name for Muslims that speak Mandarin Chinese?

Hui

Which nation of Southeast Asia is situated in a zone where earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions all pose a major risk?

Indonesia

Which of the following provides irrigation waters to Pakistan's deserts?

Indus

What is the primary reason that insular Southeast Asia has numerous volcanoes?

Insular Southeast Asia lies along the intersection of several tectonic plates.

Which of the following statements is true about Taiwan?

It is still extensively forested. It is often hit by typhoons in early autumn. It is an island about the size of Maryland. It is mountainous in the east with lowlands in the west.

Which of the following statements regarding the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in China is NOT true?

It likely worsens air pollution in the area.

How do urbanization patterns differ between South Korea and Japan?

Japan's urban population tends to be clustered together in megalopolises, whereas South Korea's urban population lives in a single primate city.

From many perspectives, the Japanese appear to form one of the world's most homogenous peoples. Which of the following are distinct from this understanding of Japanese, ethnically, linguistically, or in other ways?

Japanese of Korean descent Ainu Ryukyu

During the mid-1970s, millions of Cambodians were killed by a brutal regime led by a radical Communist group called _________.

Khmer Rouge

Though many of the world's primary cities usually suffer from housing problems and pollution, which two Southeast Asian cities have stayed remarkably free of slums and pollution?

Kuala Lumpur and Singapore

In the last decade, several Southeast Asian countries have shown interest in, and made a territorial claim to, both the Spratly and Paracel Islands in the South China Sea. What is it about these two sets of islands that makes them so attractive?

Large amounts of untapped oil may exist below the islands.

Language is an important part of Southeast Asia's cultural geography. What was the common trade language, or lingua franca, throughout insular Southeast Asia?

Malay

Which of the following statements regarding the result of the South Asian Partition in 1947 is true?

Millions of people fled their homelands and moved across borders throughout South Asia.

What is the dominant climate factor for most of South Asia?

Monsoon

Which of the following is a true statement regarding the Chinese Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

Most SEZs have been opened in Chinese coastal regions.

Juche, or "self-reliance," is the official state ideology of which country in East Asia?

North Korea

What is the main reason economic development has largely failed in North Korea?

North Korea remained devoted to a state-led economy that rejected globalization

Although volcanic soils are extremely fertile, most of insular Southeast Asia has relatively infertile rainforest soils. Which of the following statements regarding island rainforest soils is true?

Nutrients are locked up in the vegetation itself. Nutrients are washed out of the soils by incessant rains. Nutrients for agriculture must rely on constant field rotation or heavy application of fertilizers.

Which of the following statements regarding the Kashmir Valley is/are true?

Pakistan and India periodically war with each other over control of Jammu and Kashmir. Some Muslim militants want Kashmir to become an independent country of its own. Kashmir was once South Asia's premier tourist destination but is now battle-scarred. Primarily Muslim Kashmir is flanked by mainly Hindu Jammu in the south and Tibetan Buddhist Ladakh in the northeast.

The coastal areas of mainland southeast Asia and the Philippines are highly vulnerable to tropical cyclones, known as typhoons. In 2013, which of the following countries experienced the strongest storm in its recorded history, with Typhoon Haiyan killing or harming 14 million people?

Philippines

Which of the following statements regarding South Asia is NOT true?

Population growth and overcrowding have been well controlled by South Asian countries.

The eastern half of the island of Timor was once a colonial possession of which of the following European powers?

Portugal

What geographical solution has the government of Indonesia experimented with in its attempt to reduce the population density of the most populated parts of the country?

Relocating people from densely populated areas to less populated parts of the country

Which of the following is required to engage in successful, sustainable swidden agriculture?

Rugged uplands with low population densities.

As a legacy of British colonialism in India, most national-level communication is conducted in English. Which of the following language families is NOT one of the non-English languages of India?

Semitic

Japanese culture is most closely identified with which religious tradition?

Shinto

Recent demographic changes throughout Southeast Asia include dramatic declines in fertility, which is considered a good thing in nearly every country. Which country in the region has a government that actively promotes childbearing?

Singapore

Why do geographers often classify Singapore as the entrepôt to Southeast Asia?

Singapore is a place where goods are imported, stored, and then transshipped to Southeast Asian countries and to other parts of the world.

According to your textbook, where in the East Asia region do Christians make up as much as 30% of the population?

South Korea

Christianity in South Asia is represented by a number of Christian sects, including which of the following?

Syrian Christian Church Baptist Christians Roman Catholic Christians

Which is the only country in Southeast Asia to have never been subjected to European colonial rule?

Thailand

Buddhism (Theravada or Mahayana) is the dominant religion in which trio of nations?

Thailand, Burma (Myanmar) and Cambodia

Which of the following is NOT one of South Asia's four physical subregions?

Thar Desert

What was the major consequence of the "opium wars"?

The Chinese were defeated and by the end of the 19th century foreign powers had carved out spheres of influence within a weakened China.

What financial organization in Bangladesh has helped lift millions of women out of poverty.

The Grameen Bank

Where does Southeast Asia's largest concentration of people live?

The Indonesian island of Java

Why might future economic conditions change in Laos?

The Laotian government is developing hydropower.

Which Southeast Asian country is the most susceptible to typhoons?

The Philippines

The Sikh faith is primarily found where in South Asia?

The Punjab region near the modern boundary between India and Pakistan.

How has religion and language shaped the tense political geography of Sri Lanka?

The Tamil Tigers waged a civil war against the largely Buddhist government of Sri Lanka before they were decisively defeated in 2009.

Which of the following is false regarding South Asia's physical environment?

The Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats form the northern boundary of South Asia and are the highest mountains in the region

The primary result of the Vietnam War was

The defeat of the U.S. backed South Vietnamese state and the reunification of the country under the leadership of North Vietnam and the communists.

Where is orographic rainfall most common in South Asia?

The foothills of the Himalayas and the Ghats

The historical roots of the ongoing ethnic violence in Kashmir can be traced to which of the following events?

The partition of South Asia

Which of the following statements is true about the soil from the Loess Plateau?

The soil is prone to erosion. The soil was deposited during the last Ice Age. The soil is agriculturally productive.

The most linguistically diverse region of East Asia is

The southern region of China

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the regional geography of economic development in India?

The wealthier areas are located in the south and west, and the poorer areas are in the north and east.

Which of the following best describes the geopolitical state of the Korean Peninsula?

There is a division of Korea at the 38th parallel into Communist North Korea and non-Communist South Korea

Although East Asia has a relatively large population, which of the following is true regarding recent changes in its birthrates?

They have plummeted.

Which of the following East Asian cities is one of the largest in the region?

Tokyo

Which of the following statements apply/applies to Goa, India?

Tourists come from Europe. Film festivals draw large crowds.

Which of the following poses the biggest threat to the North China Plain?

Tsunamis

Which of the following is the term that describes the ancient fourfold social hierarchy of the Hindu world, which has persisted today as India's caste system?

Varna

Which region of East Asia is underpopulated?

Western China

Which of the following is not cited as a reason why there are male-biased sex ratios across South Asia?

Widespread poverty which is equally shared across all of South Asia

Which river valley effectively divides China into northern and southern areas?

Yangtze

Poverty is extreme and widespread in Pakistan, partly because of the country's dense population. How many of the country's children are malnourished?

nearly 50 percent

Which of the following was NOT one of the things that initially attracted European colonial powers to Southeast Asia?

oil

What is the term for the increased precipitation that results from uplifting and cooling of moist air over mountains?

orographic rainfall

Which crops are cultivated in the northern part of the Japanese island of Honshu?

potatoes rice vegetables fruit

How does Japan maintain a relatively clean environment?

strict air and water pollution laws a highly efficient public transportation system exportation of highly polluting activities to other countries

According to your textbook, which of the following South Asian countries is the most prosperous in the region?

the Maldives

Cold War geopolitics strongly influenced the development of modern East Asia. Which of the following is a legacy of such Cold War geopolitics?

the maintenance of U.S. military bases in Japan the status of Taiwan as an autonomous province of China a division of Korea into communist North and capitalist South

What was the Chinese government's short-term objective in creating Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

to attract foreign investment to increase export production

What is the term for Indonesia's policy for relocating people from densely populated areas to those that are more lightly populated?

transmigration

Which of the following agricultural and settlement patterns is a sustainable form of agriculture but is increasingly being threatened by higher population densities?

upland swidden systems

In what year did China become a communist state?

1949

In India, roughly how many metropolitan areas have more than 1 million inhabitants?

50

What types of practices did the Green Revolution introduce to South Asia?

agricultural techniques involving high-yield crop varieties and heavy use of industrial fertilizers and pesticides

Confucianism significantly influenced cultural development in China and Korea. Which of the following is NOT a main characteristic of Confucian philosophy?

belief in a supreme being

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of East Asian urban systems?

bustees (hutments)

What are the two terms for squatter settlements of temporary, and often illegal, housing found in the cities of India?

bustees and hutments

Which of the following best describe(s) the Green Revolution in South Asia?

crops lacking natural resistance to diseases and insects use of large quantities of industrial fertilizers high-yield crop strains of wheat and rice

In terms of physical geography, North Korea has all of the following natural advantages over South Korea EXCEPT _________.

larger lowlands for agricultural productivity

Why has Burma remained one of the least-developed Southeast Asian countries?

ethnic and political conflict

East Asia's writing systems differ from others worldwide because they are based on each character representing an idea, rather than a sound. What is this called?

ideographic writing