Geography IB- Option E: Leisure, Tourism and Sport Case Studies
Brazilian Serie A- Distribution
- Majority of the stadiums are along the coast of Brazil - Concentration in the South East - Clusters: São Paulo (4) and in Rio de Janeiro (4) -- Anomalies: stadium in Goiânia and Belo Horizonte (inland) - Three teams located in the North East; Salvador, Recife and Fortaleza
Brazilian Serie A- Flamengo's support in Manaus
- Manaus: majority of the population supports southern glamour clubs, including Flamengo, which dominate the TV and radio broadcasting - The Amazon: Flamengo is one of the most popular teams. - Flamengo was the world champion in the 1980s perhaps attracting even more fans who wanted to support the winning team - TV and radio broadcasts of South and South East teams have a better quality than the broadcast of the other teams - Early years of football, Flamengo won frequently, becoming more appealing to the public. - Some fans that cheer the team on purely because they are passionate - Many of Flamengo's fans are from Manaus - the team goes to the Manaus stadium in order to play near its supporters - large sphere of influence became evident in the semifinals of the Carioca Championship in 2016 - Vasco x Flamengo, 44 thousand people were drawn to the Manaus stadium, breaking the public record of the stadium.
Brazilian Serie A- Recent winners and most successful clubs
- Palmeiras: most successful team in history (won the cup 10 times and winning twice only in the last 5 years, runner up 4 times) - Santos: won 8 times and was runner up 7 times (second most successful club) It was also runner up in 2016 and was in third place in 2017 - Corinthians: third most successful (won 7 times and was runner up 3 times) It won twice in the last five years - A common denominator in the three most successful teams in history: all from São Paulo
Brazilian Serie A- SP & RJ
- Rio de Janeiro state GDP per capita in 2014: R$40,767.26 - Rio de Janeiro city population 2016: 6.45 million - Sao Paulo state GDP per capita in 2014: R$42,197.87 - Sao Paulo city population 2019: 12.18 million
Glastonbury- Site Factors
- Rural site (360 hectares- 21 different landowners contributed): urban area wouldn't have space required - Small population to avoid disruption of large population: nearest town (Glastonbury) has a population of less than 10,000 people - Limitations: not near a major transport route (nearest highway is 27 km away) and congestion on narrow rural roads is an issue during festival weekends - Complications: soil erosion (soil needs to recover after the festival), every few years there is a "fallow" year where the festival doesn't take place (2012,2018), there is pressure to find new location
Case study of one national sports league
Brazilian Serie A - Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (Brasileirão) - Brazilian professional league for men's football clubs - Country's main football competition: April to December - 20 teams are part of the Série A competition - Throughout the season each team plays each other twice, one home game and one away game. - - There is a total of 38 games.
Glastonbury- Positive Impacts
Economic: - about 100 people employed for the festival permanently - 2017: festival spent over US$ 8 million with local companies - 2007 study: average person spent about US$ 180 on site and same in local area - Raises US$ 1.35 million for charity Social: - Each year there is a 'health focus' (ex. 2015 was blood donation leading to increase in blood stock in area) - Attracts tourists (2007: over 700 journalists from around the world) Environmental: - Renewable energy can be used (Green Fields coordinators camp a 1.5kW solar unit has been used for energy
Case study of one festival in a rural location, its site factors and geographic impacts
Glastonbury Music Festival - 5 day festival of contemporary performing arts - Location: Worthy Farm, Pilton, Somerset, England - End of June (every two years) - about 175,000 people - 1st one: 19 Sept. 1970
Glastonbury- Negative Impacts
Social: - Crime (low, but 188 reported crimes- 2017, 71 people arrested- 2017, 40 people arrested- 2016) Environmental: - Physical soil degradation from trampling (land needs a year off and every six years a 'fallow' year) - High energy consumption (over 120 generators) - 2/3 of visitors arrive by car (congestion and air pollution) - Noise pollution (some claim festival can be heard over 8 km away)