Geology 1030 Quiz 3
What is the category, potential environment, and description of Bioclastic limestone?
Biogenic - composed of large shell fragments, fizzes with acid - found offshore, on beaches, & marine environments
What is the category, potential environment, and description of Bituminous coal?
Biogenic - dark gray/black in color, smooth/sooty feeling - found in swamp, tropical environment
What are clastic sediments?
Form from weathering, erosion, deposition, and lithification. They are composed of pre-existing rock which can be identified by their dominant grain size
What are the grain categories for clastic rocks in order from largest to smallest?
Gravel Sand Silt Clay
What are biogenic sediments?
Often need a microscope to see the remains of plants and animals. Composed of shells and shell fragments
Define deposition
When sediments are deposited in a new location
What is the category, potential environment, and description of Sandstone?
Clastic - dominant grain is sand but need a lens to see - found in coastal plain, beach, sand dunes
What is the category, potential environment, and description of Conglomerate?
Clastic - dominant grain of gravel that is moderately to well rounded and can see with eyes - found in the mountains
What is the category, potential environment, and description of Breccia?
Clastic - dominant grain of gravel that is poorly rounded and can see with eyes - found in the mountains
What are chemical sediments?
Produced from chemical reactions that can be identified by their crystalline appearance. One particular mineral will dominate.
Define lithification
Transforming the layers of sediment into a solid, sedimentary rock
Define weathering
breakdown of pre-existing rocks due to physical and chemical weathering
Define erosion
transporting sediments to a new location which requires energy