Geology 1301 Chapter 4
Which one of the following applies to a valley glacier that lengthens (extends its terminus downslope) over a period of many years?
Accumulation exceeds wastage.
Fan-shaped cones deposited at the mouth of a canyon in a desert are known as _____________.
Alluvial fans
What is the largest type of glacier?
An ice sheet
Where is the world's largest ice sheet located today?
Antarctica
________ are erosional features produced by valley/(alpine) glaciers.
Cirques
Desert pavement is the result of ________.
Deflation
A fiord is a ________.
Drowned glacial trough
Desert streams that carry water only in response to specific episodes of rainfall are said to be ____________.
Ephemeral
Which of the following are features of a desert environment?
Ephemeral stream
A(n) ________ represents a former meltwater channel or tunnel in glacial ice that was filled with sand and gravel.
Esker
How does the glacial budget affect the advance of a glacier?
Glaciers advance when the budget is unbalanced and accumulation is greater than wastage.
________ is an irregular, usually thin till layer laid down by a retreating glacier.
Ground moraine
A(n) ________ is likely to host a waterfall or steep rapids today.
Hanging valley
Glaciers are part of two of Earth's basic cycles: the ____________ cycle and the ____________ cycle.
Hydrologic; rock
Where does a glacier begin?
In a cirque
Which of the following statements regarding inselbergs in desert landscapes is true?
Inselbergs are erosional remnants of the underlying bedrock that are nearly covered by desert deposits in the late stage in the development of mountainous desert landscapes.
A ________ forms when a block of ice is buried in drift and subsequently melts creating a pit.
Kettle
The leeward slope of a dune is called the ____________ face.
Slip
Which of the following statements is the best explanation for the occurrence of the Great Basin Desert in the western United States?
The Great Basin Desert exists because it is a rain shadow desert.
A ________ cross-valley profile is typical of canyons and valleys eroded and deepened by alpine or valley glaciers.
U
Which of the following features is created by glacial erosion?
U-shaped valleys
What are the different types of glaciers?
Valley or alpine, ice sheets, and piedmont or coalescing.
What type of material makes up loess deposits?
Windblown silt
What is the term for a glacial lake formed in a depression as the result of the burial of a large piece of ice in an outwash plain that later melted?
a kettle lake
Inselbergs are ________.
bedrock hills in a highly eroded desert landscape
Which process occurs where a glacier enters the sea?
calving
Which one of the following is the one best measure of the wetness or dryness of a region?
difference between annual precipitation and evaporation potential
Which glacial feature indicates the maximum extent of a glacier?
end (terminal) moraine
Which one of the following is NOT true of glaciers?
exist only in the Northern Hemisphere
Which of the following glacial features is not composed of stratified drift?
ground moraine
The term "glacial drift" ________.
means any sediments of glacial origin
Which of the following features is a landform created by glacial deposition?
moraine
Where will a rain-shadow desert form?
on the downwind side of a mountain
Abrasion and plucking generally involve what part of a glacier?
the basal, sliding zone
All of the following statements concerning dry lands are true except ________.
wind is the dominant agent of erosion and sediment transport
When alluvial fans enlarge and coalesce in the Basin and Range mountain desert environment, what feature do they form?
A bajada
Which one of the following statements about sand dunes is correct?
A dune migrates in the direction of to which the slip face slopes.
What type of topography would you expect from a dry, fault-originated basin and range region, in old-age stage, millions of years after faulting has stopped?
Mostly flat lands
What is the main process responsible for erosion in arid climates?
Running Water
