Gerentology GNC
A nurse is planning care for a group of older adult clients in an assisted-living facility. Which of the following health-promoting behaviors should the nurse plan in order to help these clients increase endurance and maintain muscle strength?
Regular exercise program
A nurse managing an adult daycare is developing treatment plans for older adult clients. Which of the following therapeutic strategies should the nurse use to help the clients achieve Erikson's developmental task for this age group?
Reminiscence therapy
A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine hydrochloride to an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take prior to administration?
Review the medical record for a history of glaucoma
A nurse at a long-term care facility is providing teaching to a group of adolescents who are new volunteers. The nurse should explain that older adult clients are most likely to exhibit a decrease in which of the following?
Short-term memory
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has moderate hearing loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to enhance communication?
Speak at a moderate rate
A nurse at a long-term care facility is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Use photographs as memory triggers
A nurse is teaching a group of healthy older adult clients about health screenings after age 50 years. Which of the following health screenings should the nurse recommend for annual completion?
Visual acuity
A nurse is teaching a group of older adult clients about dietary needs. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?
You should consume 1,200 mg of calcium daily."
What is sacropenia?
age related loss of muscle mass and strength
stages of grief
denial anger bargaining depression acceptance
What is Paget's disease?
disordered skeletal remodeling in focal areas of the bone
What is glaucoma?
increased intraocular pressure
In older adults Furosemide can cause?
ototoxicity
What is aspiration pneumonia?
pneumonia following aspiration of vomitus
What is PSA?
prostate-specific antigen
A nurse is conducting an in-service training session for a group of assistive personnel about the basic needs of older adult clients. Which of the following statements about this population should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Deep sleep is decreased."
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports that he has just retired and expresses feelings of loneliness due to the loss of daily interactions with coworkers. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?
"Do you know about the local senior citizen group?"
A nurse at a long-term care facility is teaching an older adult client about ambulating with a quad-cane. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Hold the cane in the hand on the stronger side of your body."
A community health nurse is conducting an initial home visit for an older adult client. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as indicative of a health alteration?
"I have not had a bowel movement in 5 days."
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been losing weight about ways to improve his nutritional intake. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I should add grated cheese to sauces and vegetables."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled to start taking finasteride. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I should see a decrease in my PSA levels."
A nurse is teaching a healthy older adult client who has chronic constipation about establishing a bowel-retraining program. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Increase the fiber content of your diet."
A nurse is admitting an older adult client who has urinary incontinence and smells strongly of urine. The client's partner, who has been caring for her at home, apologizes and seems embarrassed about the unpleasant smell. Which of the following responses should the nurse offer?
"It must be difficult to care for someone who has incontinence."
A nurse at a long-term care facility hears an assistive personnel (AP) talking with an older adult client who has dementia with periods of confusion. Which of the following statements should indicate that the AP requires further teaching?
"It's almost time for your appointment. Let me do your hair for you and brush your teeth."
A nurse is providing teaching to an older adult client who has osteoarthritis of the right hip and lower lumbar vertebrae. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"To relieve the pressure on my hip, I can use a cane while ambulating."
A nurse is providing discharge instructions about calcium supplements to an older adult female client who has osteoporosis and recently underwent a repair of a fracture in her right hip. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
"You should take your calcium supplement with a large glass of water."
A nurse is teaching the son of an older female client how to care for his mother, who is home-bound. Which of the following signs of possible acute illness should the nurse instruct the family member to report to the care provider?
Abrupt decrease in the ability to perform ADLs
A nurse is teaching a group of older adults. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as relating to Erikson's expected developmental task for this age group?
Accepting the possibility of the need for long-term care
A nurse is conducting an admission assessment for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to collect subjective data?
Allow sufficient time for the client to respond to the questions
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports feeling anxious about financial concerns and having difficulty sleeping for several months. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a factor in the client's sleep pattern?
Anxiety can cause disturbed sleep patterns.
A nurse at a long-term care facility is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and wanders at night. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Assign the client to a room closer to the nurse's station.
A home-health nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is using a fentanyl transdermal patch for pain control. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when caring for this client?
Avoid using a heating pad on the area with the patch
What does finasteride treat?
BPH
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a terminal illness. The client tells the nurse, "I just want to live 1 more month so I can see my grandchild get married." Which of the following Kübler-Ross stages of grief is this client experiencing?
Bargaining
A nurse is discussing medication administration for an older adult client with a newly licensed nurse. Due to physiological changes of aging, older adult clients may need dosage adjustments because of an increase in which of the following parameters?
Body fat
A nurse is teaching a newly hired assistive personnel about helping older adult clients with activities of daily living (ADLs). Which of the following is the most common factor that affects a client's performance of ADLs?
Chronic physical disability
A nurse is admitting an older adult client who fell at home 3 days ago. The client has a fractured hip, malnutrition, and dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values noted on admission should indicate prolonged malnutrition to the nurse?
Decreased albumin
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging places the client at risk of pneumonia?
Decreased number of cilia
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following physiological changes can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes?
Decreased sensitivity to the circulating insulin
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who states he is homeless. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as comorbidities for this client?
Dementia and tuberculosis
A nurse in the clinic is assessing an older adult client for the second time in a week. The client reports a decreased energy level, insomnia, and anorexia. The client's diagnostic tests are within the expected reference ranges. For which of the following conditions should the nurse screen the client?
Depression
A home health nurse is visiting an older adult client who has anemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to increase the client's iron intake?
Dried fruit
A nurse is teaching an older adult client about methods to improve sleep. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Go to bed at the same time every night."
An older adult client in a cardiac clinic asks the nurse how the cardiovascular system changes with aging. The nurse's explanation should include which of the following alterations?
Hypotension when standing up
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has gout and refuses to eat. The client's provider has authorized the client's family to bring food from home. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend that the client avoid?
Lentil soup
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is having a stroke. After assessing the client's airway, breathing, and circulation, which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority?
Level of consciousness
A nurse is caring for a client who is using a continuous passive motion (CPM) device following a right total knee replacement. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when applying the CPM device?
Line up the frame joints of the CPM device with the client's knee
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is expressing feelings of grief and longing for his earlier life. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Listen attentively and allow the client to talk about the past
A nurse is performing skin assessments for a group of older adult clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a benign, age-related skin change commonly seen in this population?
Liver spots
A nurse is transferring an older adult client who has right-sided weakness from a bed to a wheelchair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote a safe transfer?
Maintain a straight back and bend at the knees.
A nurse at an assisted living center is conducting an orientation session for a group of newly hired assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include regarding clients who are hearing impaired?
Maintain eye contact with the client
A nurse is planning care for an older adult client following abdominal surgery for a bowel obstruction. Which of the following pieces of information about pain management should the nurse consider when planning care?
Older adult clients are sensitive to the analgesic effect of opiates.
A nurse is assessing several clients. The nurse should understand that adjusting to free time and finding happiness is an important developmental task for which of the following age groups?
Older adults
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a hip fracture and rates his pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Oxycodone/acetaminophen
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Provide finger foods for the client
A nurse working in a community health center is completing an assessment of an older adult female client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a priority?
Rales heard in the bases of the lungs
A nurse is teaching a group of older adult female clients who are postmenopausal about dietary requirements. Which of the following statements about the role of folic acid should the nurse make?
"Adequate folic acid intake is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease."
A nurse is reviewing exercise safety with a group of older adult clients. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
"Drink water prior to, during, and after each exercise session."
A nurse is teaching a group of clients at a senior center about the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Extended periods of immobility increase your risk of osteoporosis."
A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
"Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."
During a team meeting, a staff nurse recommends placing a client, who is confused and wanders during the night, in restraints. Which of the following responses about the use of restraints should the nurse manager make?
"Restraints are used to prevent harm to clients and others."
An older adult client tells a nurse at a health fair, "I am always forgetting things. I can't even remember where I parked my car! Do you think I have Alzheimer's disease?" Which of the following is a therapeutic response by the nurse?
"That must be very upsetting. Can you tell me about your forgetfulness?"
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who asks why she has developed greater difficulty sleeping as she ages. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?
"The body rhythms that control the sleep-wake cycle weaken a bit with aging."
What are the lung sounds? - Rales?
- bubbling - cracking - caused by fluids/mucus in air passages
what is esophageal achalasia?
- damaged esophagus nerves. - Paralyzed esophagus - dilated over time - lose ability to squeeze food into stomach.
What are the lung sounds? - Wheezing?
- high-pitched whistling - sighing sound - during expiration
A nurse in an assisted living facility is assessing an older adult client who moved in 3 months ago following the death of his partner. The client reports awakening early in the morning and admits feeling very sad. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following types of grief?
Acute grief
A nurse is completing medication reconciliation for an older adult client who is receiving multiple medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?
Ask the client about any over-the-counter medications she is taking
A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and refuses to take her morning antihypertensive medication. The client is oriented to name and place and is able to perform ADLs with minimal supervision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Ask the client to express her reasons for refusing the medication and document the event.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client after a recent stroke who has a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). For which of the following disorders should the nurse plan to monitor this client?
Aspiration pneumonia
A nurse is administering intermittent IV antibiotic therapy for a client who has Alzheimer's disease. The client repeatedly attempts to remove the IV access line during the medication administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Assign an assistive personnel to remain with the client during the medication administration.
A nurse is assessing an older adult client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following findings is an expected part of the aging process?
Decreased creatinine clearance
A nurse is monitoring the blood pressure of an older adult client. The nurse should understand that which of the following age-related changes can contribute to an increase in systolic blood pressure among older adults?
Decreased elasticity of the blood vessels
A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging can affect medication dosing for this client?
Decreased gastric motility
A nurse is teaching a group of unit nurses about cardiac function in older adult clients. Which of the following changes in cardiac function should the nurse include as a result of the normal aging process?
Decreased rate of blood filling the left ventricle
A nurse is assessing an older adult client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Decreased spinal column movement
A community health nurse is assessing an older adult client who lives alone. Although the client is able to answer all questions appropriately, the client has a decreased attention span, expresses feelings of overwhelming sadness, and has a low energy level. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations of which of the following disorders?
Depression
A nurse is assessing an 85-year-old client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Differences in pulse strength between lower extremities
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has aspiration pneumonia. Which of the following age-related changes contributes to the development of aspiration pneumonia?
Diminished cough reflex
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is postmenopausal and has osteoporosis. The client has a new prescription for alendronate sodium. Which of the following findings in the client's history should the nurse recognize is a contraindication to this medication?
Esophageal achalasia
A nurse is assessing an older adult client during an annual physical. Which of the following client findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Fasting blood glucose level 160 mg/dL
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an older adult client. For which of the following medications should the nurse conduct a hearing assessment of the client?
Furosemide
A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is assessing a client referred by the provider for a potential cataract. Which of the following client reports is consistent with cataracts?
Halos when looking at lights
A nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client who has chronic pain. Which of the following effects of unrelieved pain should the nurse identify as a priority finding to report?
Impaired mobility
A nurse in a long-term care facility is promoting reminiscence among older adult clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Institute a daily storytelling hour
A nurse is part of a committee that is developing age-appropriate care standards for older adult clients. Which of Erikson's developmental tasks should the nurse recommend as the focus of this committee?
Integrity
A community health nurse is visiting the home of an older adult client and her caregiver. The client has excoriations to her wrists and ankles. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Interview the client in private
A nurse is assessing an older adult client for age-related changes. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an age-related physical change?
Loss of ventricular compliance
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who is on bed rest following the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) about methods to increase peristalsis. Which of the following high-fiber food choices should the nurse recommend?
Navy bean soup
A nurse is reviewing the records of a group of older adult clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an unexpected manifestation of the aging process?
Obesity
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia. The client becomes agitated and confused at night and wanders into the hallway. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Place the client's mattress on the floor
A nurse at a long-term care facility notes that a client with dementia is having problems with orientation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to improve the client's level of orientation?
Post a large calendar on the bulletin board
A home health nurse is caring for an older adult client who states he does not like to leave his home. Which of the following is the priority factor the nurse should identify?
Potential for falling
A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Present a single idea in a sentence
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is on bed rest. Which of the following foods should the nurse plan to include in the client's breakfast tray to prevent constipation?
Stewed prunes
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the sleep cycles of an older adult client. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include?
The client spends more time in lighter stages of sleep.
A nurse is planning care for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following goals should the nurse identify as the priority for this client?
The client's airway will remain clear, as evidenced by clear breath sounds.
A nurse is assessing an older adult client for cardiovascular changes that develop with aging. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Thickening of blood vessel walls
A nurse is developing an exercise program for an older adult client who lives alone and has become sedentary since his partner died. Which of the following outcomes is the priority of this program for the client?
To maintain functional ability
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is unresponsive following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take while providing oral care?
Turn the client on his side before starting oral care.
